Offenbach Office

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The Offenbach office was an office of the county, later of the principality of Isenburg-Birstein , of the principality of Isenburg and subsequently of the Grand Duchy of Hesse .

function

In the early modern period , offices were a level between the municipalities and the sovereignty . The functions of administration and jurisdiction were not separated here. The office was headed by a bailiff who was appointed by the rulers.

history

Offenbach changed hands several times over the centuries, see Offenbach am Main # Middle Ages . When the Falkenstein inheritance was divided in 1433, Offenbach fell to Sayn and Isenburg . In 1446 Count Dieter von Sayn sold the Sayn share to Count Reinhard II von Hanau . In a comparison between Hanau-Babenhausen and Isenburg, the Hanau share in Offenbach in 1500 was assigned to Isenburg.

The Offenbach office was thus an administrative unit of the Principality of Isenburg-Birstein. Since 1578 the Solms land law has been in effect here , the common law only if the regulations of the Solms land law did not contain any provisions for a matter. The Solms land law continued to apply when the office belonged to the Grand Duchy of Hesse in the 19th century. The Solmser land rights was until 1 January 1900 by the same across the whole German Reich current Civil Code replaced.

When the Principality of Isenburg-Birstein lost its sovereignty to the Principality of Isenburg during the time of the Rhine Confederation , the office remained unchanged. At the Congress of Vienna (1815) the Principality of Isenburg then lost its sovereignty and was mediated in favor of the Austrian Empire . Austria, Prussia and the Grand Duchy of Hesse signed a state treaty on June 30, 1816, which regulated the details. With Art. 7 No. 1 of this State Treaty, the Principality of Isenburg was largely assigned to the Grand Duchy of Hesse. This also included the Offenbach office , which continued to exist.

The Grand Duchy incorporated the area into its province of Starkenburg . The Office was one of the so-called "sovereignty landing" because the restriction was that the princes of the rank of lords remained and he continued sovereign rights in its ancestral territory administration and jurisdiction exercised. This independent sovereignty naturally interfered with the Grand Duchy's claim to the state monopoly of force .

From 1820 there were administrative reforms in the Grand Duchy of Hesse. In 1821, jurisdiction and administration were separated at the lower level and all offices were dissolved. District districts were created for the administrative tasks previously performed by the offices, and district courts for the first instance jurisdiction.

Because of the transverse rights of the landlords, this lasted longer in some of the areas they governed, in the area of ​​the Offenbach office until 1823. With a "Highest Resolution" of January 23, 1823, "The new division of the Princely Isenburg district" became the previous one Offenbach Office and Dreieich Office for the administration of the Grand Ducal Hessian Princely Isenburg District Offenbach , for the jurisdiction the Grand Ducal Hessian Princely Isenburg District Court Offenbach established and the offices dissolved.

designation

During the time of the Principality of Isenburg there was also a Oberamt Offenbach for a time , which included the Offenbach and Dreieichenhain offices. Later, too, the Offenbach office was sometimes or at times still referred to as the Offenbach Upper Office , although the Dreieichenhain office was again independent.

Components

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Uta Löwenstein: County Hanau . In: 'Ritter, Grafen und Fürsten - secular dominions in the Hessian area approx. 900 - 1806 = Handbook of Hessian History 3 = Publications of the Historical Commission for Hesse 63. Marburg 2014. ISBN 978-3-942225-17-5 , p. 196-230, p. 207.
  2. ↑ Arthur Benno Schmidt : The historical foundations of civil law in the Grand Duchy of Hesse . Curt von Münchow, Giessen 1893, p. 107, as well as the enclosed map.
  3. ↑ Art. 52 main document of the Congress of Vienna .
  4. ^ Schmidt, p. 42, note 132.
  5. ^ Ordinance on the division of the country into districts and district courts of July 14, 1821 . In: Hessisches Regierungsblatt No. 33 of July 20, 1821, pp. 403ff.
  6. ^ In: Großherzoglich Hessisches Regierungsblatt No. 6 of February 21, 1823 , p. 53.
  7. ^ Münster, Darmstadt-Dieburg district . In: LAGIS: Historical local dictionary ; As of October 16, 2018.
  8. ^ Neu-Isenburg, Offenbach district . In: LAGIS: Historical local dictionary ; As of October 16, 2018.
  9. ^ Bürgel, City of Offenbach am Main . In: LAGIS : Historical local dictionary ; As of October 16, 2018.
  10. ^ Gehspitz, Offenbach district . In: LAGIS: Historical local dictionary ; As of March 15, 2018.
  11. ^ Neu-Isenburg, Offenbach district . In: LAGIS: Historical local dictionary ; As of October 16, 2018.
  12. ^ Offenbach am Main, City of Offenbach am Main . In: LAGIS: Historical local dictionary ; As of October 16, 2018.