Offenbach district

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
coat of arms Germany map
Coat of arms of the Offenbach district Map of Germany, position of the Offenbach district highlighted

Coordinates: 50 ° 1 ′  N , 8 ° 47 ′  E

Basic data
State : Hesse
Administrative region : Darmstadt
Administrative headquarters : Dietzenbach
Area : 356.3 km 2
Residents: 355,813 (Dec. 31, 2019)
Population density : 999 inhabitants per km 2
License plate : OF
Circle key : 06 4 38
NUTS : DE71C
Circle structure: 13 municipalities
Address of the
district administration: 		Werner-Hilpert-Strasse 1
63128 Dietzenbach
Website : www.kreis-offenbach.de
District Administrator : Oliver Quilling ( CDU )
Location of the Offenbach district in Hesse
Kassel Landkreis Kassel Werra-Meißner-Kreis Schwalm-Eder-Kreis Landkreis Waldeck-Frankenberg Landkreis Hersfeld-Rotenburg Landkreis Fulda Vogelsbergkreis Landkreis Marburg-Biedenkopf Lahn-Dill-Kreis Landkreis Limburg-Weilburg Landkreis Gießen Main-Kinzig-Kreis Wetteraukreis Rheingau-Taunus-Kreis Hochtaunuskreis Wiesbaden Main-Taunus-Kreis Kreis Groß-Gerau Frankfurt am Main Offenbach am Main Landkreis Offenbach Darmstadt Landkreis Darmstadt-Dieburg Kreis Bergstraße Kreis Bergstraße Odenwaldkreis Baden-Württemberg Rheinland-Pfalz Bayern Nordrhein-Westfalen Niedersachsen Thüringenmap
About this picture

The Offenbach district is a regional authority in the Darmstadt administrative district in Hesse . The district is centrally located in the Rhine-Main area and is part of the Frankfurt metropolitan area , the urban agglomeration around the core city of Frankfurt am Main . The district town has been Dietzenbach since 2002 , previously it was the city of Offenbach am Main .

geography

location

The Offenbach district lies in the lower Main Plain, the Main forms the northern border of the district. The district area has many pine forests and forest lakes. The latter go back to the local, formerly large-scale gravel mining . The streams in the Offenbach district include the Luderbach , Rodau and Bieber , which drain into the Main from the south.

The district area is crossed by the Hessian apple wine and orchard route .

Neighboring areas

In the northeast, the district borders on the Main-Kinzig district (in Hesse), the district of Aschaffenburg (in Bavaria ) and the district of Darmstadt-Dieburg , the urban district of Darmstadt , the district of Groß-Gerau and the urban district of Frankfurt am Main and Offenbach am Main (all again in Hesse).

history

Prehistory of the circle

The western district area belonged mainly to the Isenburg county , from 1744 to the principality of Isenburg, from 1806 to 1815 the principality of Isenburg was a sovereign state and a member of the Rhine Confederation . As a result of the resolutions of the Congress of Vienna , the Isenburg area came first to Austria and in 1816 to the Grand Duchy of Hesse, which agreed on a division of the principality through a territorial settlement with the Electorate of Hesse. The part located in the district came to the Grand Duchy of Hesse.

The eastern district was predominantly part of the Electorate of Mainz . This Mainz area previously belonged to the Lords of Eppstein and the Lords of Hagen-Münzenberg , and even earlier the entire district area, with the exception of the area around Langen, was part of the Franconian Maingau . Other territorial lords in the area of ​​today's district during the time of the Holy Roman Empire were: the Landgraviate of Hessen-Darmstadt for Langen, Egelsbach and Dietzenbach ; the Landgraviate of Hessen-Kassel as heir of the County of Hanau for Dudenhofen ; the Counts of Schönborn for Heusenstamm , Obertshausen , Hausen and Gravenbruch ; the German Order for the Wildhof and the surrounding forest and the Lords of Frankenstein for Messenhausen .

After the secularization of Kurmainz in 1803, its area was added to the Grand Duchy of Hesse , the old administrative division into offices remained. After the proclamation of the constitution of the Grand Duchy of Hesse on December 17, 1820, a comprehensive administrative reform followed on July 14, 1821. Instead of the traditional offices, district councils were now formed. The area of the later Offenbach district was now in the province of Starkenburg in

Formation of the Offenbach district

With the reorganization announced on August 20, 1832, the Offenbach district was founded from the Offenbach, Seligenstadt districts and part of the Langen district with the Offenbach administrative seat. The district of Langen was divided: the places Dietzenbach, Nieder- and Ober-Roden, Eppertshausen and Messenhausen came to the Offenbach district; the western part was combined with the district of Dornberg to form the district of Groß-Gerau .

Territorial changes

Grand duchy

Grand Ducal District Office in Ludwigstrasse 1905
Hessen in 1930

On July 31, 1848, the municipalities of the Offenbach district were incorporated into the Darmstadt administrative region , and some municipalities were added to the Dieburg administrative region . However, this administrative reform only lasted four years, because on April 28, 1852 it was repealed and districts were created again, including the Offenbach district, with slightly changed boundaries: Langen and Egelsbach were added from the Groß-Gerau district while the places Babenhausen , Messenhausen, Nieder-Roden, Ober-Roden and Urberach were given to the Dieburg district. After the war of 1866 , the Grand Duchy lost a number of areas to the victorious Kingdom of Prussia , but also received some pieces that were very marginal for Prussia from its loot from the Electorate of Hesse. This also included the village of Rumpenheim , which was added to the Offenbach district in 1867.

In the course of the reform of the district constitution carried out in 1874 in the Grand Duchy of Hesse based on the Prussian model, there was again a new district division. The division of the Grand Duchy into seven districts that formed the province of Starkenburg (Bensheim, Darmstadt, Dieburg, Erbach, Groß-Gerau, Heppenheim, Offenbach) lasted for more than six decades until the state of Hesse and beyond. From 1874 to 1947 the distant Steinbach im Taunus also belonged to the Offenbach district as an exclave after the Vilbel district had been dissolved. On April 1, 1947 Steinbach came to the Obertaunuskreis .

republic

Already during the French occupation after the First World War (1923 to 1926) Steinbach was subordinated to the Höchst district and Buchschlag, Egelsbach and Langen to the Groß-Gerau district.

After the provincial and district assemblies were dissolved in 1936, the three Hessian provinces of Starkenburg, Upper Hesse and Rheinhessen were dissolved in 1937 . On April 1, 1938, Bieber left the district with the incorporation to Offenbach and on November 1, 1938, a radical regional reform was carried out in Hesse. For the Offenbach district this meant: The city of Offenbach am Main, together with Bürgel , which was incorporated in 1908, left the Offenbach district and became a district . The seat of the district administration remained in Offenbach until 2002. Also in 1938, the district of Mitteldick became the Zeppelinheim settlement . In 1942 Rumpenheim left the Offenbach district when it was incorporated into Offenbach. The district division created in this way initially lasted until the end of the Second World War .

As part of the Hessian territorial reform of the 1970s, the district area was changed again: In 1974 the city of Steinheim am Main and the municipality of Klein-Auheim lost their independence and were separated from the Offenbach district and incorporated into the city of Hanau . In 1977 the communities Nieder-Roden, Ober-Roden and Urberach from the Dieburg district were added to the Offenbach district. Also in 1977 the towns of Dreieichenhain and Sprendlingen and the municipality of Froschhausen lost their sometimes centuries-old independence and were merged with neighboring towns to form larger towns (Dreieichenhain and Sprendlingen with Buchschlag, Götzenhain and Offenthal zu Dreieich) or incorporated into neighboring towns (Froschhausen zu Seligenstadt).

Since June 21, 2002 Dietzenbach has been the county seat of the Offenbach district. Thus, the seat is no longer in the eponymous city, although other institutions such as the vocational school are in the city. For this reason, parties repeatedly bring a change to the district name into play, for example in Untermainkreis or Landkreis Maingau .

Historical sources

The historical records of the Offenbach district are now in the Hessian State Archives in Darmstadt (inventory G 15 Offenbach for files up to 1945, inventory H 2 Offenbach for documents from 1945). Even if many of the district office files were lost in the course of the Second World War, the oldest documents date back to 1824. The two stocks reflect life in the district, starting with trade, construction and population development, through to church, health and agriculture. There are compensation files for war damage as well as documents from the former care center for those persecuted politically, racially and religiously. Most of the two holdings are listed and can be researched on the Internet.

Population development

date Residents
1852 43,282
1900 120,813
1910 161,569
1925 175,480
1933 185.038
1939 104,427
1950 131.178
1960 175,300
1970 252,400
1980 294,400
1990 316,300
2000 335.030
2010 338.029
2015 343.434
2018 354.092

Denomination statistics

According to the 2011 census , 23.8% of the population were Protestant , 31.3% Roman Catholic and 44.9% were non-denominational , belonged to another religious community or did not provide any information. The number of Catholics and Protestants has fallen since then.

politics

District administrators

District council

The local elections on March 6, 2016 produced the following results, compared to previous local elections:

Diagram showing the election results and the distribution of seats
Local election in the Offenbach district in 2016
 %
40
30th
20th
10
0
32.4%
23.8%
14.7%
12.0%
7.3%
3.6%
3.4%
1.6%
1.3%
Gains and losses
compared to 2011
 % p
 16
 14th
 12
 10
   8th
   6th
   4th
   2
   0
  -2
  -4
  -6
  -8th
-10
-5.2  % p
-1.6  % p
+ 14.7  % p.p.
-8.9  % p
+ 3.0  % p
-3.1  % p
+ 0.8  % p
+1.6  % p
-1.2  % p
Template: election chart / maintenance / notes
Remarks:
f 2011: FWG-Die Bürger + FW-OF
Distribution of seats in the district assembly 2016
3
1
21st
10
6th
28
3
2
13
3 1 21st 10 6th 28 3 2 13 
A total of 87 seats
Nominations %
2016 		Seats
2016 		%
2011 		Seats
2011 		%
2006 		Seats
2006 		%
2001 		Seats
2001
CDU Christian Democratic Union of Germany 32.4 28 37.6 33 46.2 40 45.5 39
SPD Social Democratic Party of Germany 23.8 21st 25.4 22nd 27.8 24 32.1 28
AfD Alternative for Germany 14.7 13 - - - - - -
GREEN Alliance 90 / The Greens 12.0 10 20.9 18th 11.0 10 11.1 10
FDP Free Democratic Party 7.3 6th 4.3 4th 6.3 6th 4.6 4th
FW Free voters 3.6 3 - - - - - -
THE LEFT. The left 3.4 3 2.6 2 2.7 2 - -
FL-NEV Free List - Non-Party Resident Representatives 1.6 2 - - - - - -
PIRATES Pirate Party Germany 1.3 1 2.5 2 - - - -
FWG - The Citizens Free voter community - citizens for the Offenbach district - - 4.3 4th 4.5 4th 3.5 3
FW-OF Free voters in the Offenbach district - - 2.4 2 - - - -
GERMAN LIST Voting group German list - - - - 1.4 1 - -
REP The Republicans - - - - - - 3.2 3
total 100.0 87 100.0 87 100.0 87 100.0 87
Voter turnout in% 45.6 45.3 44.9 50.8

Coat of arms, flag and banner

Banner, coat of arms and flag
Banner district Offenbach.svg Coat of arms district Offenbach.svg
Flag of the Offenbach district
Coat of arms of the Offenbach district
 Blazon : "In a silver shield a green oak tree with three golden acorns, topped with a shield split by silver and red, inside two black bars in front, behind a halved silver wheel at the gap."
Coats of arms: The right to use a district coat of arms was granted on February 8, 1951. The oak tree stands for the formerly extensive forests of the Dreieich Wildbann . The shield in the middle shows the coat of arms of the Counts of Ober- Isenburg (black bars) and the Mainz wheel .

In addition, the Offenbach district uses a flag and has had an official logo since 2002.

Partnerships

The district maintains the following partnerships:

Economy and Infrastructure

The Offenbach district is part of the economically strong Rhine-Main area . In the Future Atlas 2016 , the Offenbach district was ranked 57th out of 402 districts and independent cities in Germany, making it one of the places with “high future opportunities”. In the 2019 edition, it was ranked 37th out of 401.

traffic

With the Frankfurt Airport is one of the airports is the busiest in Europe to a part in the Offenbach district. The largest general airfield in Germany, the Frankfurt-Egelsbach airfield , is also located in a circle.

In local public transport, the Offenbach roundabout company (kvgOF ) acts as a local public transport company and authority in the Rhein-Main transport association .

The above-mentioned railway lines serve the district in rail traffic. Two lines of the S-Bahn Rhein-Main run from Offenbach-Ost via Heusenstamm to Dietzenbach (S2) or through Rodgau to Rödermark (S1). Coming from Dieburg, the Dreieichbahn (RMV line 61) connects Rödermark with Dreieich-Buchschlag every hour or every half hour, where there is a connection to the S-Bahn lines S3 and S4. Three pairs of trains per day go through to Frankfurt (Main) Hauptbahnhof .

The federal highways 3 ( Frankfurt - Würzburg ) and 661 ( Egelsbach - Oberursel ) run through the district , as do several federal highways : the B 45 , the B 448 , the B 459 and the B 486 .

Traffic history

In the 19th century, the district was first opened up with new roads , later with railway lines:

Communities

Neu-Isenburg Dreieich Langen (Hessen) Egelsbach Rödermark Dietzenbach Heusenstamm Mühlheim am Main Rodgau Obertshausen Hainburg Seligenstadt Mainhausen Darmstadt Landkreis Darmstadt-Dieburg Landkreis Darmstadt-Dieburg Bayern Main-Kinzig-Kreis Offenbach am Main Kreis Groß-Gerau Frankfurt am MainMunicipalities in OF (district) .svg
About this picture

(Residents on December 31, 2019)

Cities

  1. Dietzenbach , district town (34,298)
  2. Dreieich (42,102)
  3. Heusenstamm (18,956)
  4. Langen (Hesse) (38,229)
  5. Muhlheim am Main (28,652)
  6. Neu-Isenburg (38,105)
  7. Obertshausen (24,982)
  8. RÖDERMARK (28,249)
  9. Rodgau (45,719)
  10. Seligenstadt , Einhard Stadt (21,267)

Other communities

  1. Egelsbach (11,489)
  2. Hainburg (14,401)
  3. Mainhausen (9,364)

Former parishes

The following list contains all former municipalities in the Offenbach district and details of their whereabouts:

local community incorporated after Date of
incorporation
Beaver Offenbach am Main April 1, 1938
Book cover Dreieich January 1, 1977
Bürgel Offenbach am Main April 1, 1908
Dietesheim Mühlheim am Main April 1, 1939
Dreieichenhain Dreieich January 1, 1977
Dudenhofen Rodgau January 1, 1977
Froschhausen Seligenstadt January 1, 1977
Götzenhain Dreieich January 1, 1977
Groß-Steinheim , city Steinheim am Main April 1, 1938
Hainhausen Rodgau January 1, 1977
Hainstadt Hainburg January 1, 1977
Hausen Obertshausen January 1, 1977
Jügesheim Rodgau January 1, 1977
Klein-Auheim Hanau ( Main-Kinzig district ) July 1, 1974
Klein-Krotzenburg Hainburg January 1, 1977
Klein-Steinheim Steinheim am Main April 1, 1938
Klein-Welzheim Seligenstadt January 1, 1977
Lamb game Mühlheim am Main January 1, 1977
Mainflingen Mainhausen January 1, 1977
Offenbach am Main , city independent city November 1, 1938
Offenthal Dreieich January 1, 1977
Rembrücken Heusenstamm January 1, 1977
Rumpenheim Offenbach am Main April 1, 1942
Jumpers Dreieich January 1, 1977
Steinbach (Taunus) to the Obertaunuskreis April 1, 1947
Steinheim am Main , city Hanau ( Main-Kinzig district ) July 1, 1974
Weiskirchen Rodgau January 1, 1977
Zellhausen Mainhausen January 1, 1977
Zeppelinheim Neu-Isenburg January 1, 1977

License Plate

On July 1, 1956, the district was assigned the distinguishing symbol OF when the license plates that are still valid today were introduced . It is still issued today.

literature

  • District committee of the Offenbach district (ed.): History, museums, monument protection. Offenbach undated [between 1984 a. 1992]
  • Susanne Heun: Settlement history of the Latène period using the example of the Offenbach district. Settlement history evaluation of old finds and new sites with regard to continuity issues. Diss., Philipps University Marburg / Lahn 1999. ( archiv.ub.uni-marburg.de , PDF).

Web links

Commons : Landkreis Offenbach  - Collection of images

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Hessian State Statistical Office: Population status on December 31, 2019 (districts and urban districts as well as municipalities, population figures based on the 2011 census) ( help ).
  2. ↑ Official name according to the main statute of the Offenbach district (PDF; 87.5 kB). The district committee of the Offenbach district. Retrieved May 5, 2013.
  3. ^ Johann Ludwig Klüber (ed.): Imperial Austrian patent due to the transfer of sovereignty over various princely and countly Isenburg courts to Kurhessen; also the sovereignty over the other parts of the territory that were united under the name Fürstenthum Isenburg, over the Count's Schönborn rule Heusenstamm , the baronial-grandiose rule Eppertshausen , the Count-Ingelheim town Obererlenbach and the count-Solmese half of the town Niederursel, Hesse, to the Grand Duke of Offenbach , July 9, 1816, No. XXXVII., In: Johann Ludwig Klüber State Archives of the German Confederation . Volume 1. (JJ Palm and Ernst Enke), Erlangen 1816, pp. 419-421 books.google.de
  4. ^ Convention Territorial entre le Grand Duc de Hesse et Electeur de Hesse . - Signèe à Francfort sur Mein, le 29 Juin, 1816. British and Foreign State Papers 1815-1816, Volume 3, Compiled by the Librarian and Keeper of the Papers, Foreign Office, James Ridgway and Sons, Piccadilly, London 1838, pp. 812-819; (mostly in German) books.google.de ; also printed in Grindaha, issue 26, Geschichtsverein Gründau e. V., Gründau 2016 ISSN  2194-8631 pp. 4–12 with a comment by Norbert Breunig
  5. ↑ Law on the reorganization of the Offenbach district (GVBl. II 330-33) of June 26, 1974 . In: The Hessian Minister of the Interior (ed.): Law and Ordinance Gazette for the State of Hesse . 1974 No. 22 , p. 316–318 ( online at the information system of the Hessian state parliament [PDF; 1.5 MB ]).
  6. ↑ Overview "HStAD inventory G 15 Offenbach" (Offenbach district office 1824 - 1945)  in the Hessisches Staatsarchiv Darmstadt . In: Archive Information System Hessen (Arcinsys Hessen).
  7. ↑ Overview "HStAD inventory H 2 Offenbach" (Offenbach district office 1945-2012)  in the Hessian State Archives in Darmstadt . In: Archive Information System Hessen (Arcinsys Hessen).
  8. ^ Philipp AF Walther: The Grand Duchy of Hesse by history, country, people, state and locality. 1854, accessed March 2, 2016 .
  9. ^ A b Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. Offenbach district. (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006).
  10. ↑ Statistical Yearbook for the Federal Republic of Germany 1972
  11. ↑ Hessian State Statistical Office
  12. ↑ Population in the administrative districts on September 30, 2010 and population processes in the 3rd quarter of 2010. (No longer available online.) Hessian State Statistical Office, archived from the original on May 10, 2011 ; accessed on May 31, 2019 .
  13. ↑ Population in the administrative districts on June 30, 2015 and population change in the 2nd quarter of 2015. (No longer available online.) Hessian State Statistical Office, archived from the original on March 24, 2016 ; accessed on May 31, 2019 .
  14. ↑ Offenbach District Religion , 2011 census
  15. ^ Hessian State Statistical Office: Results of the district elections of 2016 and 2011
  16. ^ Hessian State Statistical Office: Results of the district elections of 2011 and 2006
  17. ^ Hessian State Statistical Office: Results of the district elections of 2006 and 2001
  18. ^ Hessian State Statistical Office: Results of the district elections of 2001 and 1997
  19. ↑ Approval of a coat of arms and a flag for the municipality of Bickenbach, Darmstadt district of February 8, 1951 . In: The Hessian Minister of the Interior (ed.): State Gazette for the State of Hesse. 1951 no. 8 , p. 86 , point 151 ( online at the information system of the Hessian state parliament [PDF; 2.5 MB ]).
  20. ↑ Zukunftsatlas 2016. (No longer available online.) Archived from the original ; accessed on March 23, 2018 .
  21. ↑ PROGNOS future atlas. Handelsblatt, accessed on December 10, 2019 .
  22. ↑ Hessian State Statistical Office: Population status on December 31, 2019 (districts and urban districts as well as municipalities, population figures based on the 2011 census) ( help ).
  23. ↑ Municipal directory 1900: Offenbach district