Ober-Roden

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Ober-Roden
City of Rödermark
Coat of arms of Ober-Roden
Coordinates: 49 ° 58 ′ 31 ″  N , 8 ° 49 ′ 48 ″  E
Height : 140 m above sea level NHN
Area : 17.57 km²
Residents : 12,962  (Dec. 31, 2016)
Population density : 738 inhabitants / km²
Incorporation : January 1, 1977
Postal code : 63322
Area code : 06074

Ober-Roden is a district of Rödermark in the Offenbach district in southern Hesse .

Geographical location

Ober-Roden is located southeast of Frankfurt am Main and northeast of Darmstadt , about 20 km south of Offenbach am Main on the 50th parallel. The village is at an altitude of 140  m above sea level. NHN at the Rodau river .

history

This half-timbered ensemble on Dockendorffstraße gives an impression of the townscape in the 18th century; the church tower of St. Nazarius can be seen in the background

Territorial history

In 786, Aba , who came from the Franconian nobility, gave her own Rotaha monastery , a nunnery, to Lorsch Monastery . The location of the monastery on the Ober-Rodener Kirchhügel has been proven by archaeological excavations. In addition to church buildings, there were also evidence of settlement here. This settlement was first mentioned in 790 in a donation, also to the Lorsch monastery. Also on April 22nd, 791, a Franconian nobleman named Erlulf donated all of his property in Ober-Roden, Nieder-Roden and Bieber to the Lorsch monastery. Further donations date from the years 792, 798 and 810. In 903 the Rotaha Monastery was confirmed as the property of the Lorsch Monastery. The parish church in Ober-Roden is, like the Lorsch monastery, consecrated to St. Nazarius .

With the Niwenhof, also mentioned in the document of 786, there was also an early medieval castle in the area of ​​Ober-Roden , which later developed into a manor . Ober-Roden was then owned by the Hagen-Münzenberg family and, with the Munzenberg inheritance, passed to a community of heirs in 1255 , which ultimately consisted of the families of the von Hanau and von Eppstein families . In 1303 and 1331 Ulrich II von Hanau and Siegfried von Eppstein agree on their rights and income in Ober-Roden. As part of the Steinheim office , the village was sold to Kurmainz by the Lords of Eppstein in 1425 . Half of this was returned to Hanau as a pledge in 1438. For the next centuries the Archbishop and Elector of Mainz was sovereign. Here it belonged to the Upper Archbishopric, the Oberamt Steinheim and the Amt vogtei Dieburg. In 1446 the tithe is owned by the Counts of Hanau . In 1576, half of the sovereignty in Ober-Roden was given to the Counts of Hanau-Lichtenberg and Kurmainz. In 1684 Hanau ceded its stake in Mainz.

In 1786, the Röder Mark cooperative , until then a large, communal forest, was divided among the communities of Ober- and Nieder-Roden, Urberach, Messel, Dietzenbach, Hainhausen , Jügesheim and Dudenhofen, which belonged to it. This is how Ober-Roden received its community forest.

With the secularization , Ober-Roden came to the Landgraviate of Hessen-Darmstadt , which later became the Grand Duchy of Hessen . Now it belonged to the following administrative units one after the other:

On March 1, 1958, Messenhausen completely joined Ober-Roden, after it had been part of the mayor's office since 1821 , but had kept its own municipal budget.

On January 1, 1977, the previously independent municipalities of Ober-Roden and Urberach were merged by law in the course of the Hessian territorial reform to form the municipality, since August 23, 1980 the town of Rödermark. Both founding communities came from the Dieburg district to the Offenbach district. Today Ober-Roden is the largest of the five districts of Rödermark.

Historical forms of names

In surviving documents, Ober-Roden was mentioned under the following names (the year it was mentioned in brackets):

  • Raodora (786)
  • Rotaha (790)
  • Rotahen superiore et inferiore (791)
  • Rotaha (792)
  • Red Eagle (796)
  • Rota (800)
  • Rotahe (805-813)
  • Rodahe (815)
  • Rotaha (10th century)
  • Rothaha (903)
  • Obir Rota (1303)
  • Upper Rodauw (1371)
  • Upper Roda (1446)
  • Superior Roda (1472)
  • Upper Rodawe (1485)
  • Upper clearing (1550)
  • Upper Roden (1716)

Population development

 Source: Historical local dictionary

• 1576: 80 families
• 1681: out of 80 houses only 31 are inhabited
• 1961: 1225 Protestant (= 18.97%), 5080 Catholic (= 78.65%) residents
Ober-Roden: Population from 1829 to 1970
year     Residents
1829
  
 1,295
1834
  
 1,521
1840
  
 1,669
1846
  
 1,703
1852
  
 1,862
1858
  
 1.910
1864
  
 1,724
1871
  
 1,769
1875
  
 1.931
1885
  
 1,845
1895
  
 2,052
1905
  
 2,579
1910
  
 2,798
1925
  
 3.122
1939
  
 3,672
1946
  
 4,253
1950
  
 4,562
1956
  
 5,250
1961
  
 6,459
1967
  
 8,362
1970
  
 9,257
Data source: Historical municipality register for Hesse: The population of the municipalities from 1834 to 1967. Wiesbaden: Hessisches Statistisches Landesamt, 1968.
Other sources:

The suburbanization of the 1960s and 1970s made Ober-Roden a commuter community .

Church history

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Three different parishes of different denominations are active in Ober-Roden:

  • Roman Catholic parish of St. Nazarius Ober-Roden
  • Evangelical parish of Ober-Roden
  • Free Evangelical Congregation Rödermark

The Roman Catholic parish church of St. Nazarius Ober-Roden

The parish church of St. Nazarius in Ober-Roden was the mother church for Urberach , Nieder-Roden, Messel and Dudenhofen . It is first mentioned in 1303. The patronage was originally with the gentlemen of Hagen-Münzenberg , after the accrual of the Munzenberg inheritance from 1256 with the gentlemen of Hanau . In 1323 a separate pastor was mentioned for Ober-Roden. In the Middle Ages and in the early modern period , the central church authority was the Archdiakonat St. Peter and Alexander in Aschaffenburg , Landkapitel Rodgau .

At the end of the first third of the 16th century, Reinhard von Hanau-Lichtenberg (1494–1537), pastor in Ober-Roden, established the Ober-Roden donation with his will , a charitable foundation that still exists today.

The medieval church was destroyed in a fire in 1644 during the Thirty Years War and replaced by a new church in the same place in 1660.

Today's parish church of St. Nazarius was built there in 1896. Its 52.7 meter high church tower is very striking. It shapes the silhouette of the town and is visible from afar. That is why it is popularly known as the Rodgau Cathedral , named after the Rodgau region .

The Gustav-Adolf-Kirche of the Protestant parish of Ober-Roden

For a long time Ober-Roden remained exclusively Catholic. The first Protestant immigrants came to Ober-Roden in the course of the 19th century. They were looked after by the Evangelical Parish Office in Dudenhofen. When the number of Protestant residents in Ober-Roden grew more rapidly after the end of the First World War, a small church, the Gustav-Adolf-Kirche, was built by the Protestant parish on Dieburger Strasse between 1928 and 1929. At that time, however, the rectory responsible for the church was still in Dudenhofen. Only in the course of the greater increase in the number of Protestant fellow citizens after 1945 was Ober-Roden finally raised to an independent pastorate.

badges and flags

Banner Ober-Roden.svg

coat of arms

DEU Ober-Roden COA.svg

Blazon : "A blue sword, above a red rafter, growing in a golden shield over tinned red masonry."

The coat of arms of the municipality of Ober-Roden in what was then the district of Dieburg was approved by the Hessian Minister of the Interior on June 10, 1963 . It was designed by the Bad Nauheim heraldist Heinz Ritt .

The sword is that of the patron saint of the property of the Lorsch Monastery , St. Nazarius . The wall stands for the status it received in 1350 as a free court seat. The rafter comes from the coat of arms of the Counts of Hanau, who owned Ober-Roden until 1648, and was incorporated into Rödermark's coat of arms.

flag

The flag was approved by the Hessian Interior Minister on May 19, 1965 and is described as follows:

"On a wide white central strip, next to narrow red side strips, in the upper third the municipal coat of arms."

Culture and sights

The mighty neo-Gothic parish church of St. Nazarius (also popularly known as “Rodgaudom”) and some half-timbered houses form the historic town center.

Ober-Roden has a city library and a culture hall

Economy and Infrastructure

traffic

The Rödermark-Ober Roden Bahnhof provides a local hub for public transport is.

railroad

S-Bahn and local traffic meet at Rödermark-Ober Roden station
Train S1
Regional train RB 61
Bus routes OF-95 674 679 X74
Night bus routes 679 n65 n66

In 1895, Ober-Roden was connected to the railway network with the Rodgaubahn , which runs from Offenbach (Main) Hauptbahnhof via Ober-Roden to Dieburg on the Main-Rhein-Bahn . In 1905 the Dreieich Railway was added via Urberach to Buchschlag on the Main-Neckar Railway . Today the connection is as follows:

  • The S-Bahn - S1 starts here on Offenbach am Main, and Frankfurt main station to Wiesbaden central station ; During rush hour there is a 15-minute cycle, with the amplifier trains only running to Hochheim am Main .
  • The Dreieichbahn trains run every hour between Ober-Roden and Dieburg or Frankfurt (Main) Hauptbahnhof and every half hour between Ober-Roden and Dreieich-Buchschlag. In the morning rush hour, individual trains condense to a 15-minute cycle.

bus

  • Various bus lines also connect Ober-Roden with the surrounding area:
Line OF-95: Neu-Isenburg - Dietzenbach - Ober-Roden - Urberach
Line 674: Ober-Roden - Dieburg - Darmstadt
Line 679: Ober-Roden - Dieburg - Groß-Zimmer - Reinheim
Line X74: Ober-Roden - Eppertshausen - Münster - Darmstadt

Night traffic

Ober-Roden is connected to local public transport in night traffic by lines S1, 679, n65 and n66.

education

The daycare center and primary school are located directly on the Rodau in the center of Ober-Roden. In Ober-Roden there is also the Oswald-von-Nell-Breuning School , a comprehensive and European school .

Personalities

literature

  • Barbara Demandt: The medieval church organization in Hesse south of the Main. = Writings of the Hessian State Office for Historical Regional Studies 29 (1966), p. 141.
  • Max Herchenröder : The art monuments of the district of Dieburg . 1940, p. 230ff.
  • Friedhelm Jürgensmeier u. a .: The Benedictine monasteries and nunneries in Hesse. = Germania Benedictina 8: Hessen. 2004, pp. 891-899.
  • Jörg Leuschner, Egon Schallmayer: 1200 years of Ober-Roden in the Rödermark. Chronicles 786-1986 . 1986.
  • Uta Löwenstein: County of Hanau . In: Knights, Counts and Princes - Secular Dominions in the Hessian Area approx. 900–1806 = Handbook of Hessian History 3 = Publications of the Historical Commission for Hesse 63. Marburg 2014. ISBN 978-3-942225-17-5
  • Wilhelm Müller: Hessian place name book . Volume 1: Starkenburg. 1937, pp. 536ff, 614.
  • Karl Pohl: The checkered history of the patronage of the St.Nazarius Church Oberroden - Rödermark. 2009, (e-book) ISBN 978-3-640-39689-4 .
  • Hans Georg Ruppel (edit.): Historical place directory for the area of ​​the former Grand Duchy and People's State of Hesse with evidence of district and court affiliation from 1820 until the changes in the course of the communal territorial reform. = Darmstädter Archivschriften 2. 1976, p. 164.
  • Regina Schäfer: The Lords of Eppstein. Exercise of power, administration and possession of a noble family in the late Middle Ages . Historisches Komm. Für Nassau, Wiesbaden 2000, ISBN 3-930221-08-X , pp. 367, 374-375, 379.
  • Egon Schallmayer: Example Ober-Roden (City of Rödermark): A place receives history. Historiography and archeology in interaction. In: Journal of Archeology of the Middle Ages. Vol. 33 (2005), pp. 145-162.
  • Dagmar Söder: Cultural monuments in Hessen. Offenbach district. = Monument topography Federal Republic of Germany. 1987, p. 237ff.
  • Literature about Ober-Roden in the Hessian Bibliography

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d Ober-Roden, Offenbach district. Historical local dictionary for Hessen. (As of April 17, 2018). In: Landesgeschichtliches Informationssystem Hessen (LAGIS).
  2. ↑ Rödermark - Statistics In: roedermark.de. Accessed October 2017.
  3. ↑ Minst, Karl Josef [transl.]: Lorscher Codex (Volume 1), Certificate 12, February 25, 786 - Reg. 1952. In: Heidelberger historical stocks - digital. Heidelberg University Library, p. 67 , accessed on January 1, 2018 .
  4. ↑ Minst, Karl Josef [trans.]: Lorscher Codex (Volume 3), Certificate 1965, April 22, 791 - Reg. 2311. In: Heidelberger historical stocks - digital. Heidelberg University Library, p. 353 , accessed on February 29, 2016 .
  5. ↑ List of places for the Lorsch Codex, Roden (Niederroden, Oberroden) , Archivum Laureshamense - digital, Heidelberg University Library.
  6. ↑ Löwenstein, p. 206.
  7. ↑ Löwenstein, pp. 206, 209.
  8. ↑ Law on the reorganization of the Offenbach district (GVBl. II 330-33) of June 26, 1974 . In: The Hessian Minister of the Interior (ed.): Law and Ordinance Gazette for the State of Hesse . 1974 No. 22 , p. 316–318 , § 7 ( online at the information system of the Hessian state parliament [PDF; 1.5 MB ]).
  9. ^ Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality directory for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer GmbH, Stuttgart and Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 355 and 375 .
  10. ↑ Law on the reorganization of the Offenbach district (GVBl. II 330-33) of June 26, 1974 . In: The Hessian Minister of the Interior (ed.): Law and Ordinance Gazette for the State of Hesse . 1974 No. 22 , p. 316–318 , § 7 ( online at the information system of the Hessian state parliament [PDF; 1.5 MB ]).
  11. ↑ Approval of a coat of arms of the municipality of Ober-Roden, district of Dieburg from June 10, 1963 . In: The Hessian Minister of the Interior (ed.): State Gazette for the State of Hesse. 1963 No. 25 , p. 694 , point 610 ( online at the information system of the Hessian state parliament [PDF; 2.9 MB ]).
  12. ^ Approval of a flag of the municipality of Ober-Roden, district of Dieburg, administrative district of Darmstadt from May 19, 1965 . In: The Hessian Minister of the Interior (ed.): State Gazette for the State of Hesse. 1965 no. 23 , p. 648 , point 550 ( online at the information system of the Hessian state parliament [PDF; 5,8 MB ]).