Munzenberg inheritance

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Munzenberg Castle
Merian engraving of the Munzenberg Castle

The Munzenberg inheritance was a fundamental event in the high Middle Ages for the territorial development of the Rhine-Main area .

Dynastic conditions

After the death of Kunos III. von Hagen-Munzenberg in 1244 his brother Ulrich II von Munzenberg united the Munzenberg legacy in one hand. Ullrich II died in 1255 without male descendants entitled to inheritance, so that the rich inheritance fell to his six sisters, who remained secular and married aristocrats, who were mostly wealthy in the Wetterau :

Part of the inheritance was actually shared among the married sisters. Munzenberg Castle and a few parts of the remaining inheritance were only ideally divided into six equal parts and jointly administered as a condominium . The first inheritance dispute took three years.

heritage

The Community Heritage consisted essentially of the Office Münzenberg who münzenberg castle , the city Münzenberg , the "county" Assenheim and the rule Hagen ( Hain in Dreieich ) and some smaller possessions and rights. The rest of the hereditary mass was actually divided.

In the community of heirs there were immediate and repeated disputes and comparisons, for example in 1258, 1288, 1304, 1364–66 ( Falkensteiner feud ) and 1407 - the latter even with the participation of the Roman-German King Ruprecht .

Period Men's Remarks
1255-1256 Adelheid 1 / 6
∞ Reinhard I of Hanau 		Isengard 1 / 6
∞ Philip I of Falkenstein 		Mechthild 1 / 6
∞ Engelhard Weinberg 		Irmengard 1 / 6
∞ Konrad Weinberg 		Agnes 1 / 6
∞ Konrad of Schoneberg 		Hedwig 1 / 6
∞ Heinrich of Pappenheim 		Distribution of inheritance among six married daughters
1256-1272 Rule Hanau 1 / 6 Falk stone 3 / 6 Schoneberg 1 / 6 Pappenheim 1 / 6 Falkenstein acquired the two Weinsberg shares in 1256.
1272-1286 Rule Hanau 1 / 6 Falkenstein 4 / 6 Pappenheim 1 / 6 Falkenstein acquired the Schöneberg share in 1272.
1286-1418 Rule Hanau 1 / 6 Falk stone 5 / 6 Falkenstein acquired the Pappenheim share in 1286.
1418-1420 Rule Hanau 8 / 48 Eppstein 20 / 48 1418-1420 Solms-Braunfels (undivided) 20 / 48 In 1418 the Falkensteiners went out. Their share fell in equal parts to Solms and Eppstein.
1420-1433 Rule and county of Hanau 8 / 48 Eppstein 20 / 48 Solms -Braunfels (new branch) 15 / 48 Solms -lich 5 / 48 When the Solms house was divided in 1420, the Solms share was divided in a ratio of 3: 1 between the new Braunfels and Lich lines.
1433-1458 County Hanau 8 / 48 1433-1507 Eppstein coins Berg and Eppstein-Königstein 20 / 48 Solms -Braunfels 15 / 48 Solms -lich 5 / 48 The Eppstein house was divided into two lines.
1458-1507 Hanau-Münzenberg 8 / 48 1433-1507 Eppstein coins Berg and Eppstein-Königstein 20 / 48 Solms -Braunfels 15 / 48 Solms -lich 5 / 48 The Hanau house was divided into two lines in 1458. The Münzenberger shares come to Hanau-Münzenberg. The other line is Hanau-Babenhausen, later -Lichtenberg
1507-1535 Hanau-Münzenberg 8 / 48 1507-1535 Eppstein-Königstein 20 / 48 Solms-Braunfels 15 / 48 Solms-Lich 5 / 48 In 1507, the last male representative of the Eppstein-Munzenberg branch (expired in 1522) ceded his rights in exchange for a pension to the Eppstein-Königstein branch (expired in 1535).
1535-1548 Hanau-Münzenberg 8 / 48 1535-1581 Stolberg-Königstein 20 / 48 Solms-Braunfels 15 / 48 to 1548 Solms-Lich 5 / 48 Heir was the son of the sister of the last Count of Königstein from the Eppstein family. The Eppsteiner shares came to the House of Stolberg, from which two brothers formed the short-lived line Stolberg-Königstein 1535–1581.
1548-1581 Hanau-Münzenberg 8 / 48 1535-1581 Stolberg-Königstein 20 / 48 Solms-Braunfels 15 / 48 from 1548 Solms-Laubach 5 / 48 The Solmser Lich line split up in 1548, creating the Laubach line
1581-1642 Hanau-Münzenberg 8 / 48 Mainz 10 / 48 1581-1677 Stolberg-Wernigerode 10 / 48 to 1602 Solms-Braunfels, after 1602 Solms-Greifenstein 15 / 48 Solms-Laubach 5 / 48 1581 When the Stolberg-Königstein line was extinguished, Kurmainz occupied Königstein. Only half of the Eppsteiner share remained for the Stolberg family, while Kurmainz had collected the other half as a settled imperial fief. Comparison 1590. In 1602 the line Solms-Braunfels divided into three branches.
1642-1677 County Hanau 8 / 48 Mainz 10 / 48 1581-1677 Stolberg-Wernigerode 10 / 48 to 1602 Solms-Braunfels, after 1602 Solms-Greifenstein 15 / 48 Solms-Laubach 5 / 48 In 1642 Hanau-Münzenberg goes out and falls to Hanau-Lichtenberg, and is now called "Grafschaft Hanau".
1677-1684 County Hanau 8 / 48 Mainz 10 / 48 1677-1684 Stolberg-Gedern 10 / 48 Solms-Greifenstein 15 / 48 Solms-Laubach 5 / 48 The line to Gedern split from Stolberg-Wernigerode in 1677.
1684-1736 County Hanau 18 / 48 Stolberg-Gedern 10 / 48 Solms-Greifenstein 15 / 48
from 1693 Solms-Braunfels 		Solms-Laubach 5 / 48 In 1684 Mainz ceded its share to Hanau as part of an area swap. In 1693 Solms-Greifenstein died out, Solms-Braunfels took over.
from 1736 Hesse-Kassel 18 / 48 Stolberg-Gedern 10 / 48 Solms-Braunfels 15 / 48 Solms-Laubach 5 / 48 In 1736 the Landgraviate of Hessen-Kassel inherited the County of Hanau-Münzenberg, see here . The county of Hanau-Lichtenberg fell to Hessen-Darmstadt.

The End

With the mediatization of the nobility in Napoleonic times, the constitutional significance of this medieval division of inheritance disappeared. Most of the territory from the Munzenberg inheritance fell to the newly formed state of the Grand Duchy of Hesse- Darmstadt.

The civil law ownership of the Munzenberg Castle remained jointly until the 1930s.

coat of arms

  • Family coat of arms of the lords of Munzenberg

  • Coat of arms of the Counts of Hanau-Munzenberg

  • Coat of arms of the Electors of Hesse (Hessen-Kassel)

  • Coat of arms of the Counts of Solms, Lords of Munzenberg

  • Coat of arms of the Counts of Solms-Lich, Lords of Munzenberg

literature

  • Karl Ernst Demandt : History of the State of Hesse , 2nd edition, Bärenreiter-Verlag , Kassel and Basel, 1972, ISBN 3-7618-0404-0 , p. 446f.
  • Uta Löwenstein: County of Hanau . In: Knights, Counts and Prince - Secular Dominions in the Hessian Area approx. 900–1806 = Handbook of Hessian History 3 = Publications of the Historical Commission for Hesse 63. Marburg 2014. ISBN 978-3-942225-17-5 , p. 196 -230 (205f).
  • Ernst Julius Zimmermann : Hanau Stadt und Land , 3rd edition, Hanau 1919, ND 1978.

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