Reinhard I. (Hanau)

Reinhard I. von Hanau (* around 1225; first mentioned: 1243; † September 20, 1281 ) is the progenitor of the Lords and Counts of Hanau .

prehistory

The closed genealogy of the Lords and Counts of Hanau begins with Reinhard I. He belongs to an aristocratic family documented for Hanau from 1166/68, which initially names itself after its ancestral castle Dorfelden , from 1191 after the castle Hanau (de Hagenowe). The relationship to the von Buchen and von Dorfelden families, who previously ruled the area around Hanau, has not been fully clarified.

biography

Presumably he is a son of Reinhard II von Dorfelden and also followed his brother - his uncle - Heinrich II von Dorfelden, presumably 1243, in the rule and thus unites the entire property of his family in one hand.

In 1260 Reinhard I accompanied his cousin Werner von Eppstein "overcoming great toil and danger" to his consecration as Archbishop of Mainz in Rome . Because of this connection he obtained the Mainz fiefs, which had been settled by the death of Konrad von Dornburg , and became a Burgmann in Aschaffenburg . In the interregnum he was on the side of King Wilhelm of Holland , against Conrad IV.

He took an active part in the politics of the surrounding noble houses. In 1260 he took part in a feud in the Spessart and under his participation a land peace was concluded in 1265, in which he, the House of Hesse and other nobles in the Wetterau area were involved. In the dispute between the Archbishops of Mainz and the Counts of Rieneck for power in western Spessart, Reinhard I was on the side of the Archbishops. The long-lasting conflict dragged on until 1271. Ultimately, the Archbishop of Mainz, Werner von Eppstein, turned out to be the winner and the Counts of Rieneck had to back off. Part of the peace agreement is that a daughter of Count Ludwig III. von Rieneck, Elisabeth , with a rich trousseau , which includes the town of Steinau an der Strasse , and who is married to Reinhard I's son Ulrich I under her estate (!) . Hanauer - proud of this sized rise - make their own coat of arms and its own crest according to the Rienecker model.

Rieneck coat of arms according to Scheibler's book of arms 1450–1480

Coat of arms of the Lords and Counts of Hanau based on Scheibler's book of arms

From 1275 to 1279 (?) Reinhard I was bailiff in the Wetterau and burgrave of Friedberg . In addition, he was Burgmann in Gelnhausen and Rödelheim .

In 1266 there was an agreement with the city of Frankfurt am Main , which awarded Reinhard I and his heirs very high monetary compensation if Hanau subjects were to be accepted as citizens in Frankfurt. This suggests that he was struggling with a massive problem of rural exodus.

During his reign, in 1255, the Munzenberg inheritance brokered through his wife, Adelheid von Munzenberg , due to the death of her brother Ulrich II von Munzenberg . Hanau characterized received shares in the rule coins mountain , the "County" Assenheim and the rule Hagen ( grove in the Dreieich ) and several smaller possessions and rights. A second inheritance came with the Rienecker inheritance in 1277, which above all dropped the Schwarzenfels office to Hanau. The Hanau area was further rounded off by an exchange of Hanau goods in Benstadt, Stierstadt and Ossenheim with the Mariengredenstift in Mainz for the forests of Hanau and Bulau .

family

In 1245 he was married to Adelheid von Münzenberg , daughter of Ulrich I von Hagen-Münzenberg . She brought the Babenhausen office , the Bachgau and half of the Umstadt office with her as marriage goods . From this marriage emerged:

1. Ulrich I.
2. Reinhard (mentioned between 1292 and 1301, most recently as canon in Würzburg )
3. Adelheid, Abbess of the Patershausen Monastery (before 1281)
4. Isengard , married to Gerhard von Weilnau after 1265 , died before 1281

death

Reinhard I died on September 20, 1281 and was buried in the Arnsburg monastery , the family grave.

literature

• Claus Cramer:  Hanau. In: New German Biography (NDB). Volume 7, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 1966, ISBN 3-428-00188-5 , p. 602 ( digitized version ).
• Reinhard Dietrich : The state constitution in Hanau. The position of the lords and counts in Hanau-Münzenberg based on the archival sources = Hanauer Geschichtsblätter Bd. 34. Hanauer Geschichtsverein, Hanau 1996, ISBN 3-9801933-6-5
• Günter Rauch: History of Hanau . Vol. 1: From the beginnings to the death of Count Philipp Ludwig II of Hanau-Münzenberg (1612) . Hanau 2016. ISBN 978-3-86314-320-6
• Theodor Ruf: Hanau and Rieneck. About the changeable relationship between two neighboring noble families in the Middle Ages. In: New magazine for Hanau history. Vol. 8, No. 6, 1986, ZDB -ID 535233-2 , pp. 300-311.
• Fred Schwind : The Landvogtei in the Wetterau. Studies on the rule and politics of the Hohenstaufen and late medieval kings (= writings of the Hessian State Office for Historical Regional Studies. Vol. 35). Elwert, Marburg 1972, ISBN 3-7708-0424-4 (Partly at the same time: Frankfurt am Main, University, dissertation, 1965–1966).
• Fred Schwind: To the beginnings of the rule and city of Hanau. In: Eckhard Meise (Ed.): 675 years old town Hanau. Festschrift for the city anniversary and catalog for the exhibition in the Historical Museum of Hanau am Main. Peters, Hanau 1978, ISBN 3-87627-242-4 , pp. 20-34, here p. 24ff.
• Reinhard Suchier : Genealogy of the Hanauer count house . In: Festschrift of the Hanau History Association for its 50th anniversary celebration on August 27, 1894 . Hanau 1894.
• Ernst Julius Zimmermann : Hanau city and country. Cultural history and chronicle of a Franconian weatherwave city and former county. With special consideration of the older time. Increased edition. Self-published, Hanau 1919 (Unchanged reprint. Peters, Hanau 1978, ISBN 3-87627-243-2 ).

Individual evidence

1. ↑ ^{a b} Ruf, p. 304.
2. ↑ ^{a b} Rauch: Geschichte Hanaus , p. 156.
3. ^ Uta Löwenstein: County Hanau . In: Knights, Counts and Princes - Secular Dominions in the Hessian Area approx. 900–1806 = Handbook of Hessian History 3 = Publications of the Historical Commission for Hesse 63. Marburg 2014. ISBN 978-3-942225-17-5 , p. 196 -230 (205).
4. ↑ Friedrich Wachter: General Personal Schematism of the Archdiocese of Bamberg 1007–1907. Nagengast, Bamberg 1908, p. 182, no.3729.

predecessor	Office	successor
Heinrich II von Dorfelden	Lord of Hanau 1243–1281	Ulrich I.