Munzenberg Office

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The Munzenberg office was an office of the rulership , from 1429: County Hanau , from 1458: County Hanau-Münzenberg and in their successor the Landgraviate Hessen-Kassel and the Grand Duchy of Hesse in Wetterau

function

In the early modern period , offices were a level between the municipalities and the sovereignty . The functions of administration and jurisdiction were not separated here. The office was headed by a bailiff who was appointed by the rulers.

With the Munzenberg office , Hanau managed its share in the Munzenberg dominion condominium .

history

The Munzenberg office was part of the Munzenberg inheritance . This was the estate of Ulrich II von Munzenberg . From this, his sister Adelheid inherited a sixth. She was married to Reinhard I. von Hanau , whose family kept her share. This also included a sixth of the Munzenberg rule, for which a further share of 5 ⁄ 24 was exchanged by Hanau in 1684 from the then owner, Kurmainz . The heirs and their legal successors never actually divided the inheritance, but continued to run it as a condominium. The Hanau share was summarized in a "Munzenberg Office".

In order to be able to distinguish between the two Hanau counties in the period after the division of the country in 1458, the northern part was officially referred to as the county of Hanau-Münzenberg since 1496 . The name of the Munzenberg office - which is rather insignificant within the county - was chosen as a distinguishing feature.

At the end of the Old Kingdom, the Electorate of Hesse as the legal successor to Hanau-Münzenberg due to an inheritance from 1736 and the houses of Solms and Stolberg were involved in the condominium . Since Kurhessen refused to join the Rhine Confederation , Napoléon occupied the country. The official coin mountain shelter so from 1806 first few years of the French military administration. With the Rhine Confederation Act of 1806, state sovereignty over the territories of Solms and Stolberg, as far as they were in the Wetterau, fell to the Grand Duchy of Hesse. This incorporated the area gained in this way into the Principality of Upper Hesse (from 1816: "Province of Upper Hesse") and continued the condominium with the Munzenberg Office (now administered in French) . On May 11, 1810, the Grand Duchy and the French Empire signed a state treaty with which France gave territories to the Grand Duchy that it had taken from Electorate Hesse in 1806. The treaty concluded in May was not signed by Napoléon until October 17, 1810. The Hessian occupation patent dated November 10, 1810 and also included the Munzenberg office , which was now completely integrated into the Grand Duchy. All of this happened with the restriction that the mediatized persons retained their rank and rights as class lords and that they continued to exercise sovereign rights in administration and jurisdiction . This independent sovereignty naturally interfered with the Grand Duchy's claim to the state monopoly of force .

From 1820 there were administrative reforms in the Grand Duchy of Hesse. In 1821, jurisdiction and administration were separated at the lower level and all offices were dissolved. For the previously perceived by the offices administrative tasks were district districts created for the first-instance jurisdiction district courts. The previous tasks of the Munzenberg Office with regard to administration were transferred to the Butzbach district council , the jurisdiction tasks to the Friedberg district court .

Components

The Munzenberg office included the places

literature

  • Günther Binding : Munzenberg Castle - A Hohenstaufen castle complex. (= Treatises on art, music and literature 20). Bonn 1963. Related reviews: Nassauische Annalen 75 (1964), p. 326; Hessisches Jahrbuch für Landesgeschichte 13 (1963), p. 368ff.
  • Dommerich: Documented history of the gradual enlargement of the County of Hanau from the middle of the 13th century until the house died out in 1736. In: Mitteilungen des Hanauer Bezirksverein für Geschichte und Landeskunde 1/2, 1860, p. 31.
  • Regenerus Engelhard: Description of the earth of the Hessian Lands of Casselischen Antheil explained with notes from history. Vol. 2, Kassel 1778, p. 813.
  • Franziska Haase: Ulrich I., Lord of Hanau 1281–1306. mach. Diss. Münster 1924, p. 4, 14.
  • Walter Hävernick: The older minting of the Wetterau up to the end of the 13th century. (= Publication of the Historical Commission for Hesse and Waldeck XVIII, 1), Marburg 1936.
  • Ferdinand Heß: The ecclesiastical development of the Munzenberg community up to the implementation of the Reformation (12th-16th centuries). In: Contributions to the Hessian church history . Supplementary volume 10 to the archive for Hessian history and antiquity , Darmstadt 1935, pp. 1–43.
  • Günter Hoch: Territorial history of the eastern Dreieich. Marburg 1953, p. 119.
  • Anette Löffler: The Lords and Counts of Falkenstein (Taunus) . (= Sources and research on Hessian history 99). Darmstadt 1994, volume 1, p. 361ff.
  • Johann Jakob Moser: Reichs-Fama, vol. 22, Frankfurt 1736, p. 220ff.
  • Regina Schäfer: The Lords of Eppstein. (= Publications of the Historical Commission for Nassau) Wiesbaden 2000, pp. 80, 85, 91, 103, 116, 442.
  • Arthur Benno Schmidt : The historical foundations of civil law in the Grand Duchy of Hesse . Curt von Münchow, Giessen 1893.
  • Preliminary brief remarks on the so-called description of the Hanau-Mintzenberg lands were published by the Hanau-Mintzenberg government some time ago. o. O. 1723.
  • Ernst Julius Zimmermann : Hanau city and country . 3. Edition. Hanau 1919, ND 1978.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Art. 24 Rhine Confederation Act .
  2. ^ Text (in French ) in: Schmidt, p. 30ff, note 100.
  3. ↑ Schmidt, p. 30.
  4. ↑ Schmidt, p. 33.
  5. ^ Ordinance on the division of the country into districts and district courts of July 14, 1821 . In: Hessisches Regierungsblatt No. 33 of July 20, 1821, pp. 403ff.
  6. ^ Ordinance on the division of the country into districts and district courts of July 14, 1821 . In: Hessisches Regierungsblatt No. 33 of July 20, 1821, p. 410.