Karl Ernst Demandt

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Karl Ernst Demandt (born April 6, 1909 in Apia , German Samoa , † June 30, 1990 in Lindheim , Hesse) was a German historian and archivist . With the history of the state of Hesse and the literature on the history and historical regional studies of Hesse (until 1964) , he created basic works for the history of the state of Hesse.

Live and act

Karl Ernst Demandt was born on April 6, 1909 in Apia on Samoa , a former "German protected area" in Polynesia , as the child of Ernst Heinrich Demandt (1883–1957) from Westphalia and his wife Meta Appelt (~ 1885–1935), who first ran a cocoa plantation there. When the mother came to Germany with her son Karl Ernst in October 1911 because of an illness, they initially lived on their old farm in Seelbach in Siegerland . After his mother returned to Samoa in 1913, Karl Ernst stayed in Germany and attended elementary school from 1915 to 1919; During this time he lived with relatives in Niedenstein in North Hesse . He then attended a grammar school in Lüdenscheid and graduated from high school there in 1928. He only met his parents and his younger brother Kurt Erich Georg (1919–1942) when the family visited Germany at the end of 1923.

From 1928 he studied German, history and art history in Tübingen. In 1928 he became a member of the Tübingen fraternity Derendingia . After moving to the University of Marburg , he graduated in 1934 for teaching at secondary schools. In 1933 Demandt received his doctorate on The Constitutional History of the City of Fritzlar in the Middle Ages , but the dissertation was not delivered to the university in printed form until the end of 1938. As a member of the IV. Course, Demandt was examined in December 1935 at the Institute for Archival Studies and Historical Training (IfA) of the Prussian Secret State Archives .

He then worked from 1936 in various archives in Berlin, Wiesbaden and Marburg. There he was appointed to the State Archives Council in 1939. In 1927 and again in 1939 he joined the NSDAP , since 1933 he was a member of the SA and since 1938 of the Waffen SS . As a member of the 3rd SS Panzer Division "Totenkopf" Demandt took part in the French campaign in 1940 and in the war against the Soviet Union in 1941 ; whether he was involved in riots against prisoners of war is unknown. Due to a wound that earned him medals and promotion to SS-Untersturmführer , he was transferred from July 1942 to the end of January 1943 to the SS Race and Settlement Main Office in Berlin. From spring 1943 to May 1945 Demandt was repeatedly deployed on the Eastern Front or as a training manager in a subordinate school. At the surrender he held the rank of Hauptscharführer.

After the war, after the preliminary denazification , he was employed in the Wiesbaden State Archives in 1949 and after the final denazification was appointed to the State Archives Council. In 1962 he became senior archivist and in 1963 deputy director of the Marburg State Archives . At the same time he was a lecturer at the archive school in Marburg and gave lectures at the university. In 1974 he retired, but continued to publish scientific publications.

Demandt belonged to all three Hessian historical commissions: from 1939 to the Historical Commission for Hesse , from 1939 to the Historical Commission for Wiesbaden and from 1955 to the Hessian Historical Commission Darmstadt . In the commission for Nassau he was a member of the board from 1960 to 1981, from 1960 to 1966 he was deputy chairman.

Karl Ernst Demandt is the father of the ancient historian Alexander Demandt and the grandfather of the art historian Philipp Demandt .

Honors

Demandt has received numerous scientific honors and memberships for his research. In 1973 he received the Goethe plaque from the Hessian minister of culture , in 1974 he became an honorary member of the Association for Hessian State History and in 1982 he was awarded an honorary doctorate ( Dr. jur . In 1984 he received the Georg Landau Medal from the Association for Hessian State History. In 1987 Demandt became an honorary citizen of the city of Niedenstein, in 1988 an honorary citizen of the Altenstadt - Lindheim community .

Fonts (selection)

  • Hessian town coat of arms book . Edited on behalf of the Wiesbaden State Archives by Karl E. Demandt (for Hesse) and Otto Renkhoff (for Nassau). Glücksburg / Baltic Sea 1956.
  • Regesta of the Counts of Katzenelnbogen 1060–1486. 4 volumes, Wiesbaden 1953–1957.
  • History of the State of Hesse. 2nd edition, Kassel / Basel 1972.
  • Literature on the history and historical regional studies of Hesse (until 1964). Volume 1–3, Wiesbaden 1965–1968.
  • Population and social history of the Jewish community in Niedenstein 1653–1866. A contribution to the history of Judaism in Kurhessen . Wiesbaden 1980.
  • The personal state of the Landgraviate of Hesse in the Middle Ages. A "State Handbook" of Hesse from the end of the 12th to the beginning of the 16th century. Volume 1. 2. Marburg 1981.
  • The Canon Monastery of St. Peter zu Fritzlar. Sources and studies on its medieval shape and history . Marburg 1985.
  • The Siegen and Dillenburg Religious Protocols of Count Johann VI. of Nassau 1561–1562 . Wiesbaden 1986.
  • Regesta of the Landgraves of Hessen Vol. 2: Regest of the Landgrave Copiare . 2 parts. Marburg 1990.

Web links

literature

  • Gerhard Menk : State history, archives and politics. The Hessian state historian and archivist Karl Ernst Demandt (1909–1990) (= writings of the Hessian State Archives Marburg. Vol. 21). Hessisches Staatsarchiv Marburg, Marburg 2009, ISBN 978-3-88964-201-1 .
  • Hans-Jürgen Kahlfuß: Karl Ernst Demandt. A bibliographical appreciation. In: Journal for Hessian History and Regional Studies . Volume 94, 1989, pp. 11-17.
  • Otto Renkhoff: Karl Ernst Demandt. In: Nassau Annals. Vol. 102, 1991, pp. 404-405.

Remarks

  1. ↑ Membership directory of the Derendingia fraternity in Tübingen.  October 1933, master roll no. 730 
personal data
SURNAME Demandt, Karl Ernst
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Demandt, Karl E.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German historian
DATE OF BIRTH April 6, 1909
PLACE OF BIRTH Apia
DATE OF DEATH June 30, 1990
Place of death Lindheim