Nauheim

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coat of arms Germany map
Coat of arms of the community of Nauheim
Nauheim
Map of Germany, position of the municipality Nauheim highlighted

Coordinates: 49 ° 57 '  N , 8 ° 27'  E

Basic data
State : Hesse
Administrative region : Darmstadt
Circle : Gross-Gerau
Height : 86 m above sea level NHN
Area : 13.77 km 2
Residents: 10,679 (Dec. 31, 2019)
Population density : 776 inhabitants per km 2
Postal code : 64569
Area code : 06152
License plate : GG
Community key : 06 4 33 009
LOCODE : DE NUM
Address of the
municipal administration: 		Weingartenstrasse 46–50
64569 Nauheim
Website : www.nauheim.de
Mayor : Jan Fischer ( CDU )
Location of the municipality of Nauheim in the Groß-Gerau district
Ginsheim-Gustavsburg Bischofsheim (Mainspitze) Rüsselsheim am Main Raunheim Kelsterbach Trebur Nauheim Mörfelden-Walldorf Riedstadt Groß-Gerau Büttelborn Stockstadt am Rhein Biebesheim am Rhein Gernsheim Wiesbaden Main-Taunus-Kreis Frankfurt am Main Rheinland-Pfalz Kreis Bergstraße Landkreis Offenbach Darmstadt Landkreis Darmstadt-Dieburgmap
About this picture

Nauheim is a municipality in the Groß-Gerau district in southern Hesse , southwest of Frankfurt am Main . It is known for the Nauheim Music Days that have been held since 1970 . Nauheim is part of the Frankfurt am Main metropolitan area.

geography

location

Nauheim is located northwest of the district town of Groß-Gerau and south of the city of Rüsselsheim am Main in the Lower Main Plain on the border with the Hessian Ried . Due to the location, the Schwarzbach flows from the northeast and here bends to the south at an almost right angle . The old town center is on its east bank. 555 hectares of the 1377 hectares of the municipal area are forested. To the northeast of the village, the Nauheim district extends in the Treburer Unterwald between Schwarzbach in the northwest and Hegbach in the southeast with a width of around one and a half kilometers to the Mönchbruch hunting lodge . A local recreation area is located near the artificially created Hegbachsee . In the south-west, the field marking extends as far as the vicinity of Trebur. This results in an extension of the municipality of about eight kilometers.

Neighboring communities

Nauheim borders in the north on the Königstädten district of the city of Rüsselsheim am Main , in the east on the city of Mörfelden-Walldorf , in the south on the city of Groß-Gerau and in the west on the municipality of Trebur .

history

middle Ages

In the Lorsch Codex , the community is mentioned for the first time in 851 under the name Niewenheim . The ending -heim suggests a Franconian foundation. In the historical documents, Nauheim is mentioned in the following centuries with the following place names, among others : Nuheim in 1211, Nuwenheim vor dem Chammerforste 1317, Nuweheym 1431, Nwheim and Nawheym 1521 and Nauheim from 1550.

Changing men characterize the early history of Nauheim. The Eberbach Monastery , the Lords of Falkenstein and the Lords of Hanau owned real estate in Nauheim . In 1468 the village fell into the possession of the Counts of Isenburg-Büdingen .

Modern times

historical town hall

In 1600 the place and five other villages belonging to Dreieich were sold by Count Heinrich von Isenburg-Ronneburg to Landgrave Ludwig the V of Hesse-Darmstadt . Administratively, Nauheim then belongs to the Kelsterbach office until 1820 , which from 1816 belonged to the Starkenburg province of the Grand Duchy of Hesse . In 1821 district districts are introduced in the Grand Duchy and Nauheim is assigned to the district of Dornberg . In 1832 the units were enlarged one more time and circles were created. As a result, Nauheim came to the Groß-Gerau district. The provinces, the counties and the administrative districts of the Grand Duchy were abolished on July 31, 1848 and replaced by administrative districts, but this was reversed on May 12, 1852. As a result, Nauheim belonged to the Darmstadt administrative district between 1848 and 1852 before the Groß-Gerau district was again responsible for the higher-level administration. The place remains there until today due to all further administrative reforms. The responsible jurisdiction was during the affiliation to Hesse, from 1821 to 1879 the district court Großgerau and since 1879 the district court Groß-Gerau emerged from it .

Around 1600 Nauheim had around 170 inhabitants, but these were greatly decimated by the events of the Thirty Years War . Other historical events in Nauheim are: The school was founded as a church school as early as 1593. In 1753 the inauguration of the Protestant church took place. In 1755 the new town hall was built on the foundation walls of the one built in 1588 on Rathausstrasse (today: Heinrich-Kaul-Platz).

In the years that followed, the community repeatedly fell victim to natural disasters, such as major floods, earthquakes, droughts and droughts. In the years 1793–1799 Nauheim was quarters for Prussian and Austrian troops who besieged Mainz , which was occupied by Napoleon . In 1806 the community was occupied by French troops. Johannes Kuhlmann was elected the first mayor of Nauheim in 1821.

The statistical-topographical-historical description of the Grand Duchy of Hesse reports on Nauheim in 1829:

"Nauheim (L. Bez. Dornberg) Lutheran parish village; is 1 St. von Dornberg, and has 84 houses and 606 inhabitants, the except for 8 Cath. 1 Reform. and 16 Jews are Lutheran. There is peat in the district. - The place that was formerly called Niwenheim appears in the Lorsch document book 1211. The lords of Heusenstamm, who had received the place from the lords of Munzenberg, sold it in 1317 with an imperial grant to the lords of Falkenstein, from whom it came to the counts of Isenburg. With the entire Kelsterbach office, Nauheim was acquired by Hesse in 1600. The place had its own pastor even before the Reformation, and the patronage rights were held by the von Munzenberg family and their heirs. "

The first school building was built in 1838. The streets were paved and the road to Königstädten was expanded . In 1853, due to great hardship, the community took over the cost of emigrating 20 families to America. As early as 1866, Nauheim was once again used as a quarters for troops. In 1877 the so-called middle school house was built. Today it serves as the seat of the Nauheim Local History Museum . The cemetery in Waldstrasse was inaugurated in 1881 . After its closure, the old fire station stood there , which was demolished in 2007 after the construction of the fire station on the bypass.

industrialization

The strong industrialization of the neighboring cities of Rüsselsheim am Main and Mainz brought many small farmers additional work; in Nauheim itself the importance of fruit and asparagus growing grew . However, the upswing came to an abrupt end with the First World War . In 1918 Nauheim was again occupied by the French, but passive resistance increased. After the occupation troops withdrew, the community began to develop further. The sports field was built, the new cemetery was built. In 1931 a market hall was built for the flourishing trade in fruit and vegetables.

time of the nationalsocialism

When the National Socialists came to power, the "brown age" began in Nauheim as well. In 1934 all clubs were brought into line. Jewish residents were denounced, persecuted, mistreated, lost their homes and emigrated to America. Those who remained were deported to the concentration camps in 1940 and murdered. Some stumbling blocks were laid for the victims . In 1945 Nauheim was occupied by US troops. A substantive discussion of the community with its own history in the Nazi era has so far only taken place superficially.

post war period

In 1945/1946, the Americans appointed pastors Friedrich Daum and Friedrich Förster as post-war mayors. The first post-war elections took place in 1946. Heinrich Kaul IV was elected mayor at that time. Together with the community representatives, he was responsible for ensuring that many displaced musical instrument makers from the Egerland and the Ore Mountains settled in Nauheim and established the well-known Nauheim music industry. As a result, the population of Nauheim rose steadily. As early as 1951, for the 1100th anniversary, Nauheim showed itself to be a beautiful and progressive residential area in the economically rapidly expanding Rhine-Main area . In 1956 the foundation stone was laid for the Catholic Church of St. James the Elder, and one year later it was solemnly consecrated. In the same year, the Nauheim music industry also celebrated its tenth anniversary. In 1958 the foundation stone was laid for the new town hall in Weingartenstrasse. In 1960 further building areas were developed. As a result, Nauheim expanded in the direction of royal cities . In 1963 Herbert Fürbeth (SPD) was elected mayor. During his tenure, he succeeded in developing the Hegbachsee recreation area and opening the Schulstrasse kindergarten , the building of which is now the home of the local history museum.

In 1970 the first Nauheim Music Days were celebrated , which have become a tradition and are always a cultural highlight. In 1971 the community of Nauheim became a sister with Born ( Netherlands ). In 1972 the Nauheim music industry celebrated its 25th anniversary. The second Nauheim Music Days were held on this occasion. In the same year, the new sports park opened for the athletes. In 1976 the Nauheim volunteer fire brigade received its new fire station on the Feldchen site in Waldstrasse, which was demolished at the end of 2007 due to a new building on the outskirts. In the same year (1976) the 1125-year celebration took place after Nauheim was first mentioned. In 1978 the sisterhood with the French city of Charvieu-Chavagneux was ceremonially sealed.

In 2008 Nauheim is the cultural community of the Groß-Gerau district .

Territorial history and administration

The following list gives an overview of the territories in which Nauheim was located and the administrative units to which it was subordinate:

population

Population structure

According to the 2011 census , there were 9,911 residents in Nauheim on May 9, 2011. These included 933 (9.4%) foreigners of whom 453 came from outside the EU , 317 from other European countries and 163 from other countries. Of the German residents, 13.4% had a migration background . The inhabitants lived in 4530 households. 1496 of these were single households , 1440 couples without children and 1183 couples with children, as well as 323 single parents and 88 shared apartments .

Population development

• 1629: 46 house seats
• 1791: 398 inhabitants
• 1800: 443 inhabitants
• 1806: 502 inhabitants, 74 houses
• 1829: 606 inhabitants, 84 houses
• 1867: 886 inhabitants, 134 houses
Nauheim: Population from 1791 to 2015
year     Residents
1791
  
 398
1800
  
 443
1806
  
 502
1829
  
 606
1834
  
 675
1840
  
 742
1846
  
 762
1852
  
 836
1858
  
 773
1864
  
 838
1871
  
 935
1875
  
 993
1885
  
 1,156
1895
  
 1,309
1905
  
 1,606
1910
  
 1,739
1925
  
 2,018
1939
  
 2,578
1946
  
 3,290
1950
  
 3,824
1956
  
 4,637
1961
  
 5,261
1967
  
 5,810
1970
  
 6.159
1972
  
 7.122
1976
  
 8,892
1984
  
 9,569
1992
  
 10,230
2000
  
 10,400
2005
  
 10,226
2010
  
 10,039
2011
  
 9,911
2015
  
 10,357
Data source: Historical municipality register for Hesse: The population of the municipalities from 1834 to 1967. Wiesbaden: Hessisches Statistisches Landesamt, 1968.
Further sources:; 1972 :; 1976 :; 1984 :; 1992 :; 2000 :; 2005 :; 2010 :; 2011 census; 2015:

Religious affiliation

• 1829: 581 Lutheran (= 95.87%), one Reformed (= 0.17%), 16 Jewish (= 2.64%) and 8 Catholic (= 1.32%) residents
• 1961: 3173 Protestant (= 60.31%), 1762 Roman Catholic (= 33.49%) inhabitants
• 2011: 3220 Protestant (= 32.5%), 2280 Catholic (= 23.0%), 150 free church (= 1.5%), 110 Orthodox (= 1.1%), 450 non-believers (= 4.6%), 3700 other (= 37.4%) residents
• 2012: 3251 Protestant (= 31.11%), 2374 Roman Catholic (= 22.72%), 4824 other (= 46.17%) residents

Gainful employment

The municipality in comparison with the district, administrative district Darmstadt and Hesse:

  year local community district Administrative district Hesse
Employees subject to social security contributions 2017 1,455 98,042 1,695,567 2,524,156
Change to 2000 −1.2% + 5.4% + 16.1% + 16.0%
of which full-time 2017 66.9% 75.9% 72.8% 71.8%
of which part-time 2017 33.1% 24.1% 27.2% 28.2%
Only marginally paid employees 2017 661 13,048 224.267 372.991
Change to 2000 + 64.4% −9.6% + 9.0% + 8.8%
Branch year local community district Administrative district Hesse
Manufacturing 2000 43.9% 43.8% 27.0% 30.6%
2017 *)% 33.2% 20.4% 24.3%
Commerce, hospitality and transport 2000 19.1% 27.6% 26.4% 25.1%
2017 37.4% 27.9% 24.7% 23.8%
Business services 2000 15.1% 14.0% 25.1% 20.2%
2017 19.2% 19.9% 31.6% 26.1%
other services 2000 18.2% 13.7% 20.1% 22.5%
2017 24.1% 18.6% 23.0% 25.4%
Other (or without assignment) 2000 3.7% 1.0% 1.4% 1.5%
2017 19.3% 0.5% 0.3% 0.4%

*) anonymized

politics

Community representation

The local elections on March 6, 2016 produced the following results, compared to previous local elections:

Distribution of seats in the municipal council 2016
     
A total of 31 seats
Parties and constituencies 2016 2011 2006 2001 1997
Share a Seats Share a Seats Share a Seats Share a Seats Share a Seats
Social Democratic Party of Germany SPD 30.7 10 34.1 11 41.5 13 34.7 13 36.6 14th
Christian Democratic Union of Germany CDU 30.5 9 37.2 11 35.2 11 43.1 16 35.6 13
Alliance 90 / The Greens GREEN 16.0 5 15.5 5 8.6 3 9.6 3 13.0 5
Free list Nauheim FLN 14.5 4th 9.9 3 7.6 2 5.3 2 9.2 3
Free Democratic Party FDP 8.3 3 3.3 1 7.1 2 7.4 3 5.6 2
percentage of invalid votes 5.6 4.5 3.7 2.8 3.3
Total seats 31 31 31 37 37
voter turnout 48.1% 56.5% 46.9% 56.1% 69.1%
a percentage of the valid votes cast

mayor

  • 1821–1824: Johannes Kuhlmann
  • 1824–1830: Philip Jüngling
  • 1830-1836: Adam Hill
  • 1837–1849: Friedrich Benjamin Bernhard Mischlich
  • 1849–1852: Johann-Peter Müller
  • 1853–1888: Friedrich Benjamin Bernhard Mischlich
  • 1888–1905: Johannes Berz
  • 1905–1908: Georg Ackermann
  • 1908–1919: Johannes Berz
  • 1919–1933: Heinrich Kaul
  • 1933–1934: Philipp Ackermann (acting, appointed by the government)
  • 1934–1934: Heinrich Walther (provisional, transferred to Egelsbach)
  • 1934–1935: Alex Neumann (acting)
  • 1935–1945: Josef Ruckes
  • 1945–1945: Heinrich Kaul IV. (Acting, deployed by the US occupation forces)
  • 1945–1945: Friedrich Daum (acting)
  • 1945–1946: Friedrich Förster (acting, appointed by the American military government)
  • 1946–1948: Heinrich Kaul IV (first elected mayor after World War II)
  • 1948–1963: Georg Schad IV.
  • 1963–1969: Dr. Herbert Fürbeth
  • 1969–1975: Hermann Reitz
  • 1975–1993: Rudolf Zaich
  • 1993-2005: Helmut Fischer
  • 2005–2011: Ingo Waltz (SPD)
  • since 2011: Jan Fischer (CDU)

Children's and youth parliament

A special feature of Nauheim's community policy is the child and youth parliament , or KiJuPa for short. Since 1999, the members of the KiJuPa have campaigned for the interests and wishes of Nauheim children and young people.

Volunteer work

The SABA model for success - commitment for over 30 years: Over 15 volunteer employees (teachers, principals, trainers, rectors in the past) and others. a. of the “Professional and Working World” (SABA) committee have been supporting and promoting young people on their way to an apprenticeship for many years. Her highly professional commitment applies particularly to socially disadvantaged young people and their families.

coat of arms

Blazon : "In black a silver laundry bar ."

This symbolizes the linen weaving in the field name Tuchbleiche and the street name Bleichstraße . However, there is no solid evidence to support this interpretation. The linguist and historian Ernst Erich Metzner interprets the symbol as a paddle in connection with the location on the once navigable Schwarzbach at times when the Neckar river bed was much larger.

Town twinning

Culture

Nauheim notch

The Nauheim village festival Naumer Curb is known beyond the borders of the municipality . It was revived in 1992 after many years and has been organized by Kerweborsch and girls ever since. In contrast to some Kerwe festivals in the surrounding area, the Nauheimer curb has not been celebrated in the pubs and restaurants since 1992, but in a central hall right next to Kerweplatz. Since the Naum Curb in 2008 , the folk festival has taken place in a marquee behind the TV hall in the sports park. The Naumer Kerweborsch Association also decided in 2008 to function as a registered association. Until 2009, the Nauheim volunteer fire brigade held the aftermarket in their fire station. From 2010 to 2013 this task was taken over by the Naumer Kerweborsch.

Local museum

The local museum shows rural customs, the history of handicrafts, an Erzgebirge home parlor and the musical instrument department with almost 200 instruments from the most varied of time periods.

Economy and Infrastructure

Land use

The municipal area covers a total area of ​​1377 hectares, of which in hectares are:

Type of use 2011 2015
Building and open space 168 169
from that Living 131 131
Business 6th 6th
Operating area 1 1
from that Mining land 0 0
Recreation area 21st 24
from that Green area 12 15th
traffic area 115 115
Agricultural area 475 470
from that moor 0 0
pagan 0 0
Forest area 563 563
Water surface 27 27
Other use 7th 7th

Business

Nauheim is known for the production of musical instruments . With the exception of pianos , harmonica and accordions , the small and medium-sized companies located here manufacture all common instruments in this branch . The former President of the USA , Bill Clinton , also plays a saxophone from Nauheim.

freetime and recreation

The municipality of Nauheim is located northwest of the district town of Groß-Gerau. The Hegbachsee leisure and recreational pool is of regional importance in the area of ​​the shared municipal boundary.

traffic

The train station in Nauheim

Due to its local proximity, the community is connected to the conurbation of the Frankfurt am Main region and the Rhine-Main area . In addition to the Nauheim station on the Rhein-Main-Bahn ( Aschaffenburg - Darmstadt - Wiesbaden ), Nauheim offers bus connections to secondary schools in neighboring towns in the Groß-Gerau district. There are close motorway connections through the Bischofsheim junction about seven kilometers away, the Rüsselsheim-Königstädten-Nauheim junction about three kilometers away and the Groß-Gerau junction about 6 kilometers away.

Sons and daughters of the church

  • Hans-Georg Geyer (1929–1999), philosopher and Protestant theologian
  • Ottmar Hörl (* 1950), the artist was best known for his diverse sculptures on topics of everyday life.
  • Franz Kratochvil, four-time world champion in single-art cycling

literature

Web links

Commons : Nauheim  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Hessian State Statistical Office: Population status on December 31, 2019 (districts and urban districts as well as municipalities, population figures based on the 2011 census) ( help ).
  2. ↑ a b c d e f g Nauheim, district of Groß-Gerau. Historical local dictionary for Hessen. (As of June 8, 2018). In: Landesgeschichtliches Informationssystem Hessen (LAGIS).
  3. ^ A b c Georg Wilhelm Justin Wagner : Statistical-topographical-historical description of the Grand Duchy of Hesse: Province of Starkenburg . tape 1 . Carl Wilhelm Leske, Darmstadt October 1829, OCLC 312528080 , p. 163 ( online at google books ).
  4. ↑ a b c d local history  ( page no longer available , search in web archives ) (accessed in Nov. 2012)@1@ 2Template: Dead Link / www.findcity.de
  5. ↑ The historical development of Nauheim in numbers. In: heimatmuseum-nauheim.de. Retrieved April 7, 2018 .
  6. ^ Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. State of Hesse. (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006).
  7. ^ Grand Ducal Central Office for State Statistics (ed.): Contributions to the statistics of the Grand Duchy of Hesse . tape 1 . Großherzoglicher Staatsverlag, Darmstadt 1862, DNB  013163434 , OCLC 894925483 , p. 43 ff . ( Online at google books ).
  8. ↑ a b List of offices, places, houses, population. (1806) HStAD inventory E 8 A No. 352/4. In: Archive Information System Hessen (Arcinsys Hessen), as of February 6, 1806.
  9. ^ Population by nationality group: Nauheim. In: Zensus2011. Bavarian State Office for Statistics , accessed in May 2015 .
  10. ↑ Migration background in%: Nauheim. In: Zensus2011. Bavarian State Office for Statistics , accessed in May 2015 .
  11. ^ Households by family: Nauheim. In: Zensus2011. Bavarian State Office for Statistics , accessed in May 2015 .
  12. ↑ Hessen-Darmstadt state and address calendar 1791 . In the publishing house of the Invaliden-Anstalt, Darmstadt 1791, p.  122 ( online in the HathiTrust digital library ).
  13. ↑ Hessen-Darmstadt state and address calendar 1800 . In the publishing house of the Invaliden-Anstalt, Darmstadt 1800, p.  122 ( online in the HathiTrust digital library ).
  14. ^ Ph. AF Walther : Alphabetical index of the residential places in the Grand Duchy of Hesse . G. Jonghaus, Darmstadt 1869, OCLC 162355422 , p. 60 ( online at google books ).
  15. ^ Local elections 1972; Relevant population of the municipalities on August 4, 1972 . In: The Hessian Minister of the Interior (ed.): State Gazette for the State of Hesse. 1972 No.  33 , p. 1424 , point 1025 ( online at the information system of the Hessian state parliament [PDF; 5.9 MB ]).
  16. ↑ Local elections 1977; Relevant population figures for the municipalities as of December 15, 1976 . In: The Hessian Minister of the Interior (ed.): State Gazette for the State of Hesse. 1976 No.  52 , p. 2283 , point 1668 ( online at the information system of the Hessian state parliament [PDF; 10.3 MB ]).
  17. ^ Local elections 1985; Relevant population of the municipalities as of October 30, 1984 . In: The Hessian Minister of the Interior (ed.): State Gazette for the State of Hesse. 1984 No.  46 , p. 2175 , point 1104 ( online at the information system of the Hessian state parliament [PDF; 5.5 MB ]).
  18. ↑ local elections 1993; Relevant population of the municipalities as of October 21, 1992 . In: The Hessian Minister of the Interior (ed.): State Gazette for the State of Hesse. 1992 No.  44 , p. 2766 , point 935 ( online at the information system of the Hessian state parliament [PDF; 6.1 MB ]).
  19. ↑ a b community data sheet : Nauheim. (PDF; 222 kB) In: Hessisches Gemeindelexikon. HA Hessen Agency GmbH ;
  20. ^ The population of the Hessian communities (June 30, 2005). (No longer available online.) In: Hessisches Statistisches Landesamt . Archived from the original . ;
  21. ^ The population of the Hessian communities (June 30, 2010). (No longer available online.) In: Hessisches Statistisches Landesamt . Archived from the original . ;
  22. ↑ Population figures : Nauheim. In: Zensus2011. Bavarian State Office for Statistics , accessed in May 2015 .
  23. ^ The population of the Hessian communities (June 30, 2015). (No longer available online.) In: Hessisches Statistisches Landesamt . Archived from the original . ;
  24. ↑ Religion: Nauheim. In: Zensus2011. Bavarian State Office for Statistics , accessed in May 2015 .
  25. ↑ Population structure. (PDF; 84 kB) Nauheim municipality, accessed in April 2019 .
  26. ^ Result of the municipal election on March 6, 2016. 433009 Nauheim. Hessian State Statistical Office, accessed in April 2016 .
  27. ^ Result of the municipal election of March 27, 2011. 433009 Nauheim. Hessian State Statistical Office, accessed in October 2019 .
  28. ^ Result of the municipal election of March 26, 2006. 433009 Nauheim. Hessian State Statistical Office, accessed in October 2019 .
  29. ↑ Results of the municipal elections of 2001 and 1997. (No longer available online.) Hessian State Statistical Office, archived from the original ; accessed in October 2019 .
  30. ↑ Nauheim - Volunteering in Nauheim: The SABA successful model - commitment for others for over 30 years. Retrieved January 7, 2019 .
  31. ↑ Xpress, children's and youth culture station. Sports and youth care Nauheim, accessed in January 2019 .
  32. ↑ Hessisches Statistisches Informationssystem In: Statistics.Hessen.