Obertaunuskreis
| coat of arms | Germany map | |
|---|---|---|
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Coordinates: 50 ° 14 ' N , 8 ° 37' E |
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| Basic data (as of 1972) | ||
| Existing period: | 1867-1972 | |
| State : | Hesse | |
| Administrative region : | Darmstadt | |
| Administrative headquarters : | Bad Homburg vor der Höhe | |
| Area : | 160.37 km 2 | |
| Residents: | 139,300 (Dec. 31, 1971) | |
| Population density : | 869 inhabitants per km 2 | |
| License plate : | HG | |
| Circle key : | 06 1 48 | |
| Circle structure: | 11 municipalities | |
| District Administrator : | Werner Herr ( SPD ) | |
The Obertaunuskreis was until 1972 a district in the German state of Hesse with the district seat Bad Homburg vor der Höhe . The former district area today mainly belongs to the Hochtaunus district .
geography
Beginning in 1972, the district bordered clockwise in the northwest to the districts of Usingen and Friedberg , to the independent city of Frankfurt am Main and to the Main-Taunus district and the Untertaunus district .
history
The district was founded by a royal decree of February 22, 1867 after the Electorate of Hesse , the Duchy of Nassau and the Landgraviate of Hesse-Homburg had been incorporated into the Kingdom of Prussia .
The new district comprised the former Nassau offices of Königstein and Usingen as well as the Homburg office, which forms the core of the Landgraviate . The city of Homburg (since 1912 Bad Homburg vor der Höhe ) became the seat of the district administration. The area of 544.80 square kilometers, with its 82 municipalities were either side of the Taunus ridge and was Region of Wiesbaden in the new province of Hesse-Nassau allocated.
According to the new district order for the province of Hessen-Nassau from April 1, 1886, 48 communities north of the mountain ridge moved to the new district of Usingen . In the Obertaunuskreis 34 communities remained on an area of 224.54 km².
Already three decades later, after the end of the First World War , the occupation of the " bridgehead Mainz " by the French troops led to a division of the administration. The Königstein district was established in the Königstein area , encompassing around two thirds of the Obertaunus district. After the crew had withdrawn, the districts in the Rhine-Main area were reorganized on October 1, 1928 . Of the 22 communities in the dissolved Königstein district, nine remained in the Obertaunus district, while thirteen communities became part of the new Main-Taunus district .
As part of a Prussian administrative reform, the Usingen district returned to the Obertaunus district temporarily for one year on October 1, 1932. Due to an election promise by the NSDAP , the Usingen district regained its independence on October 1, 1933 after the National Socialist seizure of power .
After the end of the Second World War in 1945, the provisional and on April 1, 1947 the final incorporation of the Steinbach (Taunus) community , which until then had been an exclave of the Offenbach district in southern Hesse, increased the area of the Obertaunus district . Until the beginning of the Hessian territorial reform , 18 communities belonged to the Obertaunuskreis, including the five cities of Bad Homburg, Friedrichsdorf , Königstein im Taunus , Kronberg im Taunus and Oberursel .
As part of the regional reform in Hesse , the number of municipalities in the district was reduced to eleven by July 1972 through a series of mergers. On December 31, 1971, the Obertaunuskreis was enlarged by integrating the municipality of Ober-Eschbach from the Friedberg district into the city of Bad Homburg.
On August 1, 1972, the Obertaunuskreis merged into the new Hochtaunuskreis, except for the municipality of Kalbach , which came to the city of Frankfurt . Most of the district of Usingen, the communities of Ober-Erlenbach and Burgholzhausen vor der Höhe from the district of Friedberg, the communities of Glashütten and Reifenberg from the Main-Taunus district and the community of Hasselbach from the district of Limburg also joined the Hochtaunus district . At the same time, on August 1, 1972, other communities were also merged.
Population development
| year | Residents | source |
|---|---|---|
| 1871 | 52,961 | |
| 1900 | 44,349 | |
| 1910 | 54,036 | |
| 1925 | 61,237 | |
| 1933 | 50,821 | |
| 1939 | 53,021 | |
| 1950 | 81,803 | |
| 1960 | 101,700 | |
| 1970 | 129,000 | |
| 1971 | 139,300 |
politics
District administrators
| From | To | Surname |
|---|---|---|
| 1867 | 1868 | Constantin von Briesen |
| 1868 | 1876 | Wilhelm von König |
| 1876 | 1877 | Constantin von Briesen |
| 1877 | 1883 | Leonhard von Massenbach |
| 1883 | 1894 | Bernhard von der Heydt |
| 1894 | 1903 | Wilhelm von Meister |
| 1903 | 1904 | Gustav Ebbinghaus |
| 1904 | 1921 | Ernst Ritter von Marx |
| 1921 | 1933 | Egon van Erckelens |
| 1933 | 1945 | Wolfgang of Hesse |
| 1945 | 1946 | Hermann Usinger |
| 1946 | 1948 | August Lüdge |
| 1948 | 1960 | Georg Eberlein |
| 1960 | 1972 | Werner Herr |
District council and district committee
District order 1867
Part of the Prussian district constitution was the establishment of a district council. Its composition was regulated in Section 13 of the “Ordinance relating to the district constitution in the area of the administrative district of Wiesbaden”. Thereafter, the district council consisted of 6 members each, who were elected in the former offices, the district administrator and a representative of the domain treasury.
The first district assembly met on September 1, 1868 in Bad Homburg.
| Office | MP | place |
|---|---|---|
| Homburg | Privy Councilor Heinrich Will | Homburg |
| Homburg | Deputy Deininger | Homburg |
| Homburg | Local councilor GE Menges | Homburg |
| Homburg | Local councilor JG Schudt IV | Homburg |
| Homburg | Mayor Raab | Kirdorf |
| Homburg | Mayor Wolff | Seulberg |
| Koenigstein | Joseph Hildmann | Oberhöchststadt |
| Koenigstein | Johann Jung | Kalbach |
| Koenigstein | Mayor Westenberger | Kalbach |
| Koenigstein | Mayor Wilhelm Fischer | Koenigstein |
| Koenigstein | Konrad Sachs | Eppstein |
| Koenigstein | Jakob Aumüller | Oberursel |
| Usingen | Mayor Becker | Usingen |
| Usingen | Johann Schmidt | Hasselborn |
| Usingen | Wilhelm Schmitt | Rod an der Weil |
| Usingen | Philipp Peter Müller | Arnoldshain |
| Usingen | Mayor Johann Peter Jäger | Wehrheim |
| Usingen | Peter Veidt | Cratzenbach |
| Representative of the domain treasury | Rentmaster Thomae | Usingen |
| District Administrator | von König as chairman | Homburg |
District order 1886
With the Prussian local authority of 1886, the institution of the district committee was brought into being. On March 13, 1886, the district council elects a district committee for the first time:
| MP | place |
|---|---|
| Police director Eugen Schaffner | Homburg |
| Rentmaster Karl Müller | Homburg |
| Builder Louis Jacobi | Homburg |
| Mayor Jakob Aumüller | Oberursel |
| Landowner Johann Jung | Kalbach |
| Merchant Adam Sittig | Koenigstein |
The district council itself initially consisted of 20 members (at the end of the century the number rose to 21, later to 23). 10 of them were from the electoral association of the cities (of which 5 were accounted for by the city of Homburg alone), 6 from the electoral association of the rural communities and 4 from the electoral association of larger landowners and traders (they had to pay at least 180 marks in property tax or 300 marks in trade tax). The deputies were elected for 6 years. Half of the MPs were re-elected every three years.
Weimar Republic
After the Second World War , the Obertaunuskreis was a party stronghold of the SPD . While the CDU only became the strongest party with 13 seats after the local elections in Hesse in 1946 , the SPD was the strongest force in the district in all subsequent elections.
| year | SPD | CDU | FDP | KPD | GB / BHE | DP |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1946 | 11 | 13 | 5 | |||
| 1948 | 11 | 11 | 9 | 2 | ||
| 1952 | 13 | 9 | 6th | 3 | 3 | |
| 1956 | 16 | 11 | 5 | 2 | 2 | |
| 1960 | 16 | 14th | 5 | 2 | ||
| 1964 | 20th | 16 | 4th |
Municipal Parliament
From 1866 until the administrative reform of 1885/86, two representatives of the district were represented in the Nassau municipal parliament. Direct voting was then introduced. The members elected by the district council and later by the population were:
| Term of office | MP |
|---|---|
| Karl Schweighöfer | 1868-1875 |
| Heinrich Will | 1868-1873 |
| Paul Baudevin | 1875-1879 |
| Joseph Kopp | 1877-1880 |
| Ludwig Stumpff | 1878-1885 |
| Georg Ernst Menges | 1880-1882 |
| Jakob Aumüller | 1881-1890 |
| Carl Muller | 1884-1892 |
| Georg Jamin | 1891-1906 |
| Bernhard von der Heydt | 1879-1894 |
| Wilhelm von Meister | 1894-1895 |
| Ernst Ritter von Marx | 1903-1918 |
| Oskar Zimmermann | 1905-1916 |
| Josef Filler | 1907-1918 |
coat of arms
In November 1950 the Obertaunuskreis was granted the right to use a coat of arms by the Hessian State Ministry.
Communities
The following list contains all communities that belonged to the Obertaunuskreis after 1886, as well as the dates of all incorporations and district changes.
License Plate
On July 1, 1956, the district was assigned the distinctive sign HG when the vehicle registration number that is still valid today was introduced . It is derived from the district town of Bad Homburg vor der Höhe. It is issued in the Hochtaunuskreis until today.
literature
- Ordinance concerning the district constitution in the area of the administrative district of Wiesbaden. From September 29, 1867. In: Collection of laws for the Royal Prussian States. No. 105, 1867, p. 1653 .
- District order for the province of Hessen-Nassau. From June 7, 1885. In: Collection of laws for the Royal Prussian States. No. 25, 1885, p. 193 .
- District administration of the Obertaunuskreis (ed.): The Obertaunuskreis and its communities. 1867-1927. Verlag für Architektur, Industrie- und Stadt-Werke, Düsseldorf 1927, pp. 29–31.
- Nassau parliamentarians. Part 2: Barbara Burkardt, Manfred Pult: The municipal parliament of the Wiesbaden administrative district 1868–1933 (= publications of the historical commission for Nassau. 71 = prehistory and history of parliamentarism in Hesse. 17). Historical Commission for Nassau, Wiesbaden 2003, ISBN 3-930221-11-X .
See also
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ The communities and manor districts of the province of Hessen-Nassau and their population 1871: Obertaunuskreis
- ↑ District order for the province of Hessen-Nassau 1886 (digitized version)
- ↑ gemeindeververzeichnis.de: Wiesbaden district
- ↑ a b c d Hochtaunuskreis. Historical local dictionary. In: Landesgeschichtliches Informationssystem Hessen (LAGIS).
- ↑ a b c d e f g h i Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. obertaunus.html. (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006).
- ↑ Law on the reorganization of the Obertaunus district and the district of Usingen (GVBl. II No. 330-18) of July 11, 1972 . In: The Hessian Minister of the Interior (ed.): Law and Ordinance Gazette for the State of Hesse . 1972 No. 17 , p. 227 , § 13 ( online at the information system of the Hessian state parliament [PDF; 1,2 MB ]).
- ^ The municipalities and manor districts of the Hesse-Nassau province and their population in 1871
- ↑ Statistical Yearbook for the Federal Republic of Germany 1972
- ↑ Statistical Yearbook for the Federal Republic of Germany 1973
- ↑ 60 years of the Kreissparkasse of the Obertaunuskreis. In: District Committee of the Obertaunuskreis (Hrsg.): 100 years Obertaunuskreis. Lohse, Frankfurt am Main 1967, (the pages of the book are not numbered).
- ↑ Barbara Burkardt, Manfred Pult: The municipal parliament of the Wiesbaden administrative district. 2003, p. 397.
- ↑ Granting of the right to use a district coat of arms to the Obertaunus district, Wiesbaden administrative district on November 25, 1950 . In: The Hessian Minister of the Interior (ed.): State Gazette for the State of Hesse. 1950 No. 50 , p. 521 , point 952 ( online at the information system of the Hessian state parliament [PDF; 1,3 MB ]).
The districts in the Wiesbaden administrative region of the Prussian province of Hesse-Nassau
Biedenkopf | Dill circle | Limburg | Oberlahnkreis | Obertaunuskreis | Oberwesterwaldkreis | Rheingau district | Sankt Goarshausen | Unterlahnkreis | Untertaunuskreis | Unterwesterwaldkreis | Usingen | Wetzlar
Dissolved in 1886 : Mainkreis ; Dissolved in 1910 : Frankfurt ; Disbanded in 1928 : Höchst | Koenigstein | Wiesbaden ; Disbanded in 1933 : Westerburg
1972 dissolved: District Alsfeld | District of Büdingen | District of Erbach | District Friedberg | District of Hersfeld | District of Hofgeismar | District of Hünfeld | Lauterbach district | Obertaunuskreis | Rotenburg district | Usingen district | Wolfhagen district . 1973 dissolved: District of Eschwege | District of Frankenberg | District of Fritzlar-Homberg | District of Melsungen | District of Waldeck | District of Witzenhausen | Ziegenhain district . 1974 dissolved: District Biedenkopf | District of Gelnhausen | District of Hanau | Limburg County | District of Marburg | Oberlahnkreis | District of Schlüchtern . 1976 dissolved: Darmstadt district | District of Dieburg | Dill circle | Rheingau district | Untertaunuskreis | Wetzlar district .