Ober-Erlenbach
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Ober-Erlenbach
City of Bad Homburg vor der Höhe
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| Height : | 138 m above sea level NHN |
| Area : | 9.04 km² |
| Residents : | 5000 |
| Population density : | 553 inhabitants / km² |
| Incorporation : | August 1, 1972 |
| Postal code : | 61352 |
| Area code : | 06172 |
Ober-Erlenbach is a district of Bad Homburg vor der Höhe in the Hessian Hochtaunuskreis .
Geographical location
Ober-Erlenbach is located on the northern outskirts of Frankfurt am Main . To the east it borders the town of Karben in the Wetterau district .
history
middle Ages
The name comes from the Erlenbach crossing the district . The first documented references to a village called Arilbach , from which Ober- and Nieder-Erlenbach later emerged, date from the second half of the 8th century.
The village belonged temporarily to the Lorsch Abbey and Benedictine - Hersfeld Abbey , then various secular nobility. Ultimately, Ober-Erlenbach came to Kurmainz . The peasants in the village were serfs .
Early modern age
Since the turn of the 16th to the 17th century, the Solms land law in Ober-Erlenbach became common law . The Common Law was now considered only when the Solmser land law contained no provisions for a fact. The Solms land law remained valid even in the time when the place belonged to the Grand Duchy of Hesse in the 19th century , which was not replaced by the civil code that was uniformly valid throughout the German Empire on January 1, 1900 .
In 1691 Ober-Erlenbach was given by the Archbishop of Mainz as a fief to the baronial family of Ingelheim . With the support of the new feudal lord, the current church of St. Martin was built in 1765 and a new schoolhouse in 1793.
Modern times
As a result of the Napoleonic wars Ober-Erlenbach came over the Grand Duchy of Frankfurt to the Grand Duchy of Hesse-Darmstadt . Since serfdom had been abolished there in 1811, this also happened in Ober-Erlenbach. Land, including the Oberhof and the associated rights, continued to belong to the people of Ingelheim.
At the beginning of the 20th century, the foundation stone for a new school building with a teacher's apartment was laid in Ober-Erlenbach (1901). The population of the village had meanwhile exceeded the thousand mark: in 1900, 1053 men, women and children were counted. Ober-Erlenbach has long ceased to be the farming village when it was founded in the Middle Ages. The abolition of serfdom and the industrial revolution in the 19th century had also radically changed the social structure . Many - especially male - residents worked as skilled or unskilled workers in nearby Frankfurt.
In these years, however, the boom in technology also made itself felt; because the community was connected to the state telephone network. At the same time, the correspondence seems to have increased so much that the opening of a village post agency was inevitable. On July 23, 1913, progress finally returned to the village: for the first time, electric lights were on. However, the village only received running water in 1958.
The upward development of Ober-Erlenbach that had begun was interrupted by the First World War from 1914 to 1918. Forty-six men died or went missing on various fronts. The two larger bells of the church as well as the tin pipes of the organ of St. Martin were dismantled and melted down for ammunition production. The bells could not be replaced until 1922.
At the beginning of the Weimar Republic there were around 1,100 residents, 800 of whom were eligible to vote.
In 1927, a “Head Office against Addiction Risks eV” from Berlin acquired an area on the edge of the village with a mill and the corresponding storage, cellar and living rooms, and left this property to a Baden fruit grower, Josef Baumann , with the condition that a “teaching and Research institute for non-fermentation fruit processing ”.
Josef Baumann seemed to be the right man for this, because a few years earlier he had developed a process and equipment to preserve fruit juices without chemical preservatives: he had become the father of the European fruit juice industry. In fact, Baumann managed to create a center for the nascent fruit juice industry in Ober-Erlenbach within a short period of time.
From the early 1930s, courses were held throughout the year; Apprentices and interns from all over the world were trained, exhibitions were organized and the trade journal “Liquid Fruit” was published monthly. It was also here that newly developed machines and processes for the fruit juice industry were tested by the mechanical engineering industry, and specialist conferences were held here, in short: in the 50 years from 1930 to 1980, Ober-Erlenbach was the “Mecca” of “sweet must and fruit juice” Industry ”. After the death of Josef Baumann, the main focus of his life's work was continued by the universities / educational institutions in Geisenheim and Weihenstephan .
In 1975 the sweet cider company that Josef Baumann had founded on the site of the former local mill in 1927 was taken over by the Rühl family, who closed it fifteen years later. The site was sold to the city of Bad Homburg, which had the building demolished. In 1997 the Erlenbachhalle was built here as a new community center.
With the outbreak of the Second World War , many men in the village, which at that time already had 1,542 souls, were called to arms. 96 men have died or been reported missing over the course of five years. The only Jewish family in Ober-Erlenbach was brought to the concentration camp by the Nazis and murdered there , with the exception of their son, who managed to escape abroad in time .
Two church bells were again confiscated and melted down. They could be renewed as early as 1951 through massive donations from the parish.
Around the middle of 1946, the first trains with displaced people from the east arrived , and numerous refugee families had to be accommodated in the village.
Towards the end of the 1960s, the industrial area at Lohwald was designated on the former cattle pasture. Well-known companies have settled there and they have been able to offer jobs to many people from Ober-Erlenbach.
In 1968 a new elementary school was built on Holzweg. The Catholic kindergarten had already been expanded to 100 places in 1969, and with the construction of a second kindergarten on the Emmerichshohl street in 1972/1973, the need for kindergarten places was met for the time being. In 1998 the Catholic kindergarten was replaced by a new building.
In 1852 there were only about six percent Protestants in Ober-Erlenbach, now - mainly due to the influx of refugees and new citizens - about a third of the total population. In 1971 the number of Protestant church members had grown to 1,365; the community of Ober-Eschbach, which until then had taken care of the Ober-Erlenbach Protestants, drew the necessary conclusions and in the same year built its own community center on Holzweg.
On August 1, 1972, the community, which at that time had 3731 inhabitants (as of June 30, 1976), was assigned to the Hochtaunuskreis as part of the regional reform in Hesse and incorporated into the city of Bad Homburg vor der Höhe by virtue of state law after a merger with five neighboring communities to the community Eschbachtal had failed. With the development of the "Wingert", which began in 1971, a restructuring was initiated that has now been completed.
Culture and sights
Sports
The TTC OE Bad Homburg 1987 eV is based in Ober-Erlenbach. The men's team of the TTC OE plays in the 2nd Bundesliga in the 2017/18 season and is currently the top-class table tennis team in the Rhine-Main area.
Cultural monuments
- Dating back to the 16th century and now under monument protection standing Tithe Barn is located since 1978 privately owned and serves residential and exhibition purposes.
- In the St. Martin Church is a Dreymann - organ .
Personalities
- Theodor Franz Schroeder (1872–1942), member of the Hessian state parliament (center)
Web links
- District Ober-Erlenbach on the website of the city of Bad Homburg Bad Homburg vd Höhe.
- Ober-Erlenbach, Hochtaunuskreis. Historical local dictionary for Hessen. In: Landesgeschichtliches Informationssystem Hessen (LAGIS).
- Literature about Ober-Erlenbach in the Hessian Bibliography
- www.heimatstube-obererlenbach.com
Individual evidence
- ↑ Ober-Erlenbach, Hochtaunuskreis. Historical local dictionary for Hessen. (As of February 17, 2014). In: Landesgeschichtliches Informationssystem Hessen (LAGIS).
- ↑ Arthur B. Schmidt: The historical foundations of civil law in the Grand Duchy of Hesse . Curt von Münchow, Giessen 1893, p. 106, as well as the enclosed map.
- ^ Ober-Erlenbach in alemannia-judaica (Jewish history / synagogue).
- ↑ Law on the reorganization of the Obertaunus district and the district of Usingen (GVBl. II 330-18) of July 11, 1972 . In: The Hessian Minister of the Interior (ed.): Law and Ordinance Gazette for the State of Hesse . 1972 No. 17 , p. 227 , § 8 ( online at the information system of the Hessian state parliament [PDF; 1,2 MB ]).
