Rheingau district

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coat of arms Germany map
Coat of arms of the Rheingau district
Rheingau district
Map of Germany, position of the Rheingau district highlighted

Coordinates: 49 ° 59 '  N , 7 ° 55'  E

Basic data (as of 1976)
Existing period: 1867-1976
State : Hesse
Administrative region : Darmstadt
Administrative headquarters : Rudesheim am Rhein
Area : 271.72 km 2
Residents: 61,100 (Jun 30, 1976)
Population density : 225 inhabitants per km 2
License plate : RÜD
Circle key : 06 1 50
Circle structure: 16 municipalities
District Administrator : Klaus Dinse ( CDU )

The Rheingaukreis was a district in Hesse until December 31, 1976 . It was founded on February 22, 1867 in the Wiesbaden administrative district of the Prussian province of Hesse-Nassau . The district town was Rüdesheim am Rhein .

geography

location

The Rheingaukreis originally extended over the region on the right bank of the Rhine between Wiesbaden and Oberlahnstein . After the district reform of 1886, the district border ran in the Rhine channel in the south from Wiesbaden over the Rhine knee at the Binger Loch to Lorchhausen and from there through the Taunus , including Ransel , Wollmigart and Espenschied as well as the hinterland forest in the north to Hof Mappen and then over the heights of the Rheingau mountains to the Walluftal , where it again reached the city limits of Wiesbaden.

The land border of the Rheingau district essentially followed the course of the Rheingau Gebück , which gave the Rheingau protection as a landwehr during the time of the Electorate of Mainz in the Middle Ages .

Neighboring areas

At the end of 1976, the district bordered clockwise in the northwest on the Untertaunuskreis and the independent city of Wiesbaden in Hesse and the Mainz-Bingen district and the Rhein-Lahn district in Rhineland-Palatinate .

history

Map section with the Rheingau district (1905)

After the occupation of the Duchy of Nassau by Prussia in the German war (July 1866 announcement of the annexation on August 4) of the new government district Wiesbaden (consisting of Nassau and also incorporated Free City of Frankfurt , with some Hesse-Darmstadt areas) in 12 counties divided . The previous Nassau offices of Rüdesheim , Eltville , St. Goarshausen and Braubach formed the Rheingau district. Rüdesheim am Rhein , which is centrally located in this district, became the seat of the district office .

On April 1, 1886, the new district regulations for the province of Hesse-Nassau came into force. New, smaller circles were created. The Rheingau district was also divided:

  • The offices of Rüdesheim and Eltville remained with the Rheingau district; Rüdesheim remained a district town
  • the offices of St. Goarshausen and Braubach formed the new St. Goarshausen district with the western part of the office of Nastätten (formerly Unterlahnkreis ) .

Within these limits, the Rheingau district was identical to the Rheingau during the Electoral Mainz era and had an area of ​​274.67 km². In the period that followed, there was only a small change in the territorial status, apparently in connection with the merger of Schlangenbad and Georgenborn in 1939. Until then, the border of the Rheingau district ran along the Warm Bach to the Walluf and thus right through the current location of Snake bath. In order to create a coherent community area with Georgenborn, it was necessary to separate a strip of the Rauenthal district in the northeast and assign it to Schlangenbad. Since then, the area of ​​the Rheingau district has been given as 272 km².

The State Health Office in Rüdesheim, especially its head, campaigned for the forced sterilization of mentally ill and homosexuals during the Nazi dictatorship . In 1935, the district's youth welfare office forced so-called Rhineland bastards (children who had a black African parent) to be sterilized.

After Eibingen was incorporated into Rüdesheim in 1939 , the Rheingaukreis comprised 24 communities, including the four cities of Eltville , Geisenheim , Lorch and Rüdesheim.

After the Second World War, the Rheingau district was the westernmost point in the American occupation zone , remained in the Wiesbaden administrative district and thus became part of the State of Hesse . As part of the regional reform in Hesse , the number of municipalities in the district was reduced to 16 through a series of mergers by the end of 1976.

After 110 years of existence of Rheingaukreis lost its independence and was on January 1, 1977 with the Untertaunus circle for Rheingau-Taunus-Kreis together. The district town of the previous Untertaunuskreis Bad Schwalbach became the seat of the new district administration because of its central location in the district area. At the same time, on January 1, 1977, other parishes were merged.

Population development

Due to the Prussian district reform of 1886, the Rheingau district was significantly reduced.

year Residents source
1871 55,951
1900 36,691
1910 39,428
1925 39,673
1933 41,516
1939 40,697
1950 56,223
1960 58,100
1970 61,200
1976 61,100

politics

District administrators

1867–1884: Anton Fonck
1884–1891: Kurt von Dewitz
1891–1920: Alfred Wagner
1920–1933: Julius Mülhens
1933–1937: Josef Kremmer
1937–1945: Otto Thöne
1945: Leopold Bausinger-9999
1945–1946: Peter Paul Nahm (1901–1981), District Administrator from June 18, 1945 to June 30, 1946 - later State Secretary in the Federal Ministry of Expellees
1946–1950: Hans Wagner, District Administrator from July 1, 1946 to November 1, 1950 - formerly Mayor of Johannisberg
1950–1965: Leopold Bausinger (1899–1973), District Administrator from November 2, 1950 to July 1, 1965
1965–1976: Klaus Dinse (1912–1994), district administrator from July 2, 1965 to December 31, 1976, previously mayor of the district town of Rüdesheim

coat of arms

In December 1950 the Rheingau District was granted the right to use a coat of arms by the Hessian State Ministry.

Communities

The following list contains all municipalities that belonged to the Rheingau district after 1886, as well as the dates of all incorporations.

local community incorporated
after
Date of
incorporation
Assmannshausen Rudesheim am Rhein January 1, 1977
Aulhausen Assmannshausen 1st October 1970
Eibingen Rudesheim am Rhein April 1, 1939
Eltville am Rhein , city
Erbach Eltville on the Rhine January 1, 1977
Espenschied Lorch January 1, 1977
Geisenheim , city
Hallgarten Oestrich-Winkel January 1, 1977
Hattenheim Eltville on the Rhine July 1, 1972
Johannisberg Geisenheim December 31, 1971
Kiedrich
Lorch , city
Lorchhausen Lorch 1st October 1971
Martinsthal Eltville on the Rhine January 1, 1977
Mittelheim Oestrich-Winkel July 1, 1972
Niederwalluf Walluf 1st October 1971
Oberwalluf Walluf 1st October 1971
Oestrich Oestrich-Winkel July 1, 1972
Oestrich-Winkel 1
Presberg Rudesheim am Rhein January 1, 1977
Ransel Lorch January 1, 1977
Rauenthal Eltville on the Rhine January 1, 1977
Rüdesheim am Rhein , city
Stephanshausen Geisenheim January 1, 1977
Walluf 2
angle Oestrich-Winkel July 1, 1972
Wool difference Lorch January 1, 1977
1 Established on July 1, 1972
2 Founded on October 1st, 1971

License Plate

On July 1, 1956, the district was assigned the distinctive sign RÜD when the vehicle registration number that is still valid today was introduced . It is derived from the former district town of Rüdesheim am Rhein. It is issued throughout the Rheingau-Taunus district to this day.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ GenWiki: Wiesbaden district
  2. Karl Rolf Seufert, working group “1000 Years of the Rheingau” (ed.): … Is a fine country. A cultural history of the Rheingau from the beginning to the present. Eltville am Rhein 1983, page 136 ff.
  3. ↑ District order for the province of Hessen-Nassau 1886 (digitized version)
  4. State and municipal address manual for the Wiesbaden administrative district for 192/13, overview on page 28
  5. ^ Rüdesheim, State Health Office. Topography of National Socialism in Hesse. In: Landesgeschichtliches Informationssystem Hessen (LAGIS).
  6. ^ Rüdesheim, Rheingau district youth welfare office. Topography of National Socialism in Hesse. In: Landesgeschichtliches Informationssystem Hessen (LAGIS).
  7. a b c d e f g h i Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. rheingau.html. (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006).
  8. a b Rheingau-Taunus district. Historical local dictionary. In: Landesgeschichtliches Informationssystem Hessen (LAGIS).
  9. ^ Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality directory for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart / Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 376 .
  10. ^ The municipalities and manor districts of the Hesse-Nassau province and their population in 1871
  11. Statistical Yearbook for the Federal Republic of Germany 1972
  12. Statistical Yearbook for the Federal Republic of Germany 1977
  13. Prussian district administrators
  14. ^ Society for the history of wine: Dinse, Klaus
  15. Granting of the right to use a district coat of arms to the Rheingau district, Wiesbaden administrative district on December 7, 1950 . In: The Hessian Minister of the Interior (ed.): State Gazette for the State of Hesse. 1950 No. 51 , p. 530 , point 972 ( online at the information system of the Hessian state parliament [PDF; 945 kB ]).