Eibingen

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Eibingen
Coat of arms of the former municipality of Eibingen
Coordinates: 49 ° 59 ′ 15 ″  N , 7 ° 55 ′ 59 ″  E
Height : 134 m above sea level NHN
Residents : 2800  (2001)
Incorporation : April 1, 1939
Postal code : 65385
Area code : 06722

Eibingen im Rheingau is the largest district of Rüdesheim am Rhein , Rheingau-Taunus-Kreis , Hesse , Germany , with around 2800 inhabitants .

On April 1, 1939, the independent community with then over 1000 inhabitants was incorporated into Rüdesheim against their will and is now incorporated into the core city. It is therefore the only district for which no district with a local advisory board was set up in 1977 . The development of Rüdesheim and Eibingen has grown together after the war , only the boundary defines both parts of the city.

Geographical location

The center of Eibingen is 140 meters above sea level on a southern slope that stretches up from the Rheinaue to the Ebental . The Eibingen district forms an over 8 km long strip, which is a good kilometer wide at the level of the locality and which extends uphill, including the St. Hildegard Abbey , the Windeck and Trift settlements, over the Ebental and the former Nothgottes monastery in 250 to 350 Meters wide until just before the forester's house Weißenturm near Presberg . Neighboring demarcations are the core town of Rüdesheim in the south and west and the district of Geisenheim in the east . The southern boundary of the district lies between Hugo-Asbach-Straße and its northern residential property . Behind house number 17 - west of Friedrich-Ebert-Straße , where the buildings of Eibingen and Rüdesheim meet - the border turns away from Hugo-Asbach-Straße to the north. In the north and east, the location borders on vineyards. Above the vineyards are the abbey, which can be reached via a steep road, as well as the settlements of Windeck and Trift that emerged after the war . The Eibingen community forest begins north of the Ebental valley . This has a share in the largest and most valuable oak forest in the Rheingau.

history

Ordinance on the repeal of the local court in Eibingen of June 5, 1939

The ending “ingen” in the place name occurs only once in the Rheingau and suggests the earliest Alemannic origin (around 213). Eibingen is therefore probably one of the earliest settlements on the Rhine breakthrough. Some Celtic graves in the Eibingen Forest bear witness to the early settlement.

The place was first mentioned in a document in 942 . Hildegard von Bingen and her Benedictine nuns took over an Augustinian double monastery from 1148 in 1165 , today the location of the parish and pilgrimage church " St. Hildegard and St. John the Baptist ". The gilded shrine of St. Hildegard and the Eibingen reliquary are located in the church . Not far from the church, the cellars of the church complex contain the Hildegardisquell . It is used by the Bischöfliche Weingut Rüdesheim , which manages these cellars.

coat of arms

Description : Stylized the letter “Ypsilon”
Meaning : The old spelling of Eibingen “Hybingun” or “Ybingen” is reflected in the coat of arms.

Mayor of Eibingen

  1. 1639–1649 Nicolaus Franz
  2. 1649–1667 Nicolaus Rinck
  3. 1667–1676 Joannes Friederich
  4. 1676–1677 Joannes Lucas Franz
  5. 1677–1679 Joannes Adamus Rinck
  6. 1679–1693 Joannes Dorfeller
  7. 1693–1699 Joannes Petrus Algesheimer
  8. 1699–1703 Christianus Kniesling
  9. 1703–1720 Jacobus Münch
  10. 1720-1744 Henricus Corvers
  11. 1744–1755 Joannes Petrus Bachmann
  12. 1755–1757 Joannes Jacobus Zimmer
  13. 1757–1793 Georgius Adamus Sahl
  14. 1793–1820 Joannes Georgius Engelmann
  15. 1822–1848 Joannes Adamus body pen
  16. 1848–1874 Petrus Fuhrmann
  17. 1874–1898 Philippus Wallenstein
  18. 1898–1906 Theodorus Weis
  19. 1906–1910 Henricus Krancher
  20. 1911–1933 Carolus Weis
  21. 1933–1936 Henricus Schäfer
  22. 1936–1939 E. Nägler (NSDAP)

Political classification in the Third Reich

Due to its strictly Catholic history, Eibingen suffered particularly from the Nazi dictatorship. The community had attracted attention through its voting behavior in elections, as it was almost unanimously against the NSDAP and its goals. The access roads to the village were marked by the Rüdesheim Nazi followers after such elections with bold letters “To the no-village Eibingen”. The Gestapo expelled the sisters from the St. Hildegard Abbey in Eibingen . The 1000 year celebration in 1942 was denied to the residents. At the suggestion of the Rüdesheim mayor , the Eibingen mayor and the municipal council were exchanged for Rüdesheim NSDAP members in violation of the law, who then decided to incorporate them on April 1, 1939. This decision continues to this day. Eibingen was also not a separate district, but incorporated Alt-Rüdesheim . Large parts of the Eibingen population do not see their resistance to Nazi rule as being adequately appreciated and would like the situation to change.

Religious life

Shrine with the bones of St. Hildegard von Bingen in the parish church of Eibingen

Hildegard has collected a large number of relics , some of which were given to her as one of the most important women of the Middle Ages. This Eibingen reliquary is, like the Hildegardis shrine itself, in the parish church of St. Hildegard and St. John the Baptist . The Hildegardis shrine is kept in a high grave in the chancel of the church, the reliquary in a glass altar in the southern part of the nave. To him belong u. a .:

Hildegardis Festival in Eibingen

The Catholic Hildegardis Festival is celebrated every year on September 17th in Eibingen. The traditional process begins with the morning pontifical mass . The reliquary shrine is opened for the reliquary ceremony at noon in order to parade through the streets of Eibingen during the subsequent relic procession . The festival closes with the Hildegardisvesper in the St. Hildegard Abbey .

Buildings

  • St. Hildegard Abbey , on the Klosterberg above the town center, built between 1900 and 1904.
  • Parish and pilgrimage church of St. Hildegard and St. John the Baptist with the historic rectory (former Hildegardis monastery in Eibingen located in the center). The construction plans for the new building of the east wing (today the rectory) in the 18th century were designed by the Mainz architect Johann Valentin Thoman (1695–1777). The foundation stone was solemnly laid on March 21, 1737, the feast of St. Benedict. Load-bearing walls from Hildegard's time were included in the execution.
  • Eibinger Zehnthof , historical building, former Eibingen town hall, Zehnthof of the Mainz reign, today an inn
  • Wallensteiner Hof , building ensemble in the town center, Eibinger Oberstraße
  • Eibinger Oberstrasse , former town center
  • Eibinger Untergasse ; today Marienthaler Strasse, Second Main Street in Eibingen.

Personalities

  • Pastor Ludwig Schneider, who verified the authenticity of the Hildegard relics and cataloged the genealogy of the Eibingen families
  • The German wine princess 2004/2005 Nadine Jäger is the highest representative of the Eibinger wine in the Federal Republic
  • Gerhard Münch , pastor of Wöllstein and Jacobin, died in the Vendée uprising

Viticulture

Eibinger wines are not labeled and marketed as such, but as Rüdesheim wine. Wines from Eibingen can only be designated with one of the following Rüdesheimer location names :

Single layer Size in hectares
Church path 20.09
Klosterlay 37.80
Klosterberg 39.04
Magdalenenkreuz 48.09

The locations Klosterlay and Klosterberg extend as far as the road to the Niederwalddenkmal , i.e. over the boundary to Rüdesheim. All four locations together cover around 112 hectares in Eibingen. In principle, first growth can be produced as top quality in three of the four vineyards . Eibingen is therefore home to some of the best vineyards in the Rheingau . They are lined up one after the other on the southern slope, which drops from the plateau of the Ebental valley with a slope of 5 ° to 12 ° towards the Rhine. Planted is the vines to 85% with Riesling and 12% with Pinot Noir .

societies

  • Eibingen volunteer fire brigade
  • Men's choir Cäcilia Eibingen
  • Table tennis club Eibingen
  • Winemaker's chapel
  • Weinbauverein Eibingen
  • The round table of the Eibingen clubs

literature

  • Adelheid Simon: From the building history of the former Eibingen monastery . In: Yearbook for the Diocese of Mainz , Vol. 2 (1947), pp. 151–161.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b Weinbauverein Eibingen 2001: Festschrift for the 100th anniversary ( Memento from June 15, 2004 in the Internet Archive ) (pdf 6 MB)
  2. ↑ Geodata Hessen: Online cadastral map section and topographic map 1: 25,000  ( page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.@1@ 2Template: Toter Link / lika.hessen.de  
  3. ↑ Bischöfliches Weingut Rüdesheim: History of the vaulted cellar
  4. ^ Alain Ruiz : Interférences franco-allemandes et révolution française , Presses universitaires de Bordeaux, University of Michel de Montaigne Bordeaux III , 1994, ISBN 2-86781-152-X
  5. ↑ Jacobins from the Rheingau, Jacobins in the Rheingau & their sympathizers. (PDF; 28 kB) (No longer available online.) Walter Hell, archived from the original on July 22, 2011 ; Retrieved March 13, 2011 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.oestrich-winkel.de