Walluf
| coat of arms | Germany map | |
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Coordinates: 50 ° 2 ′ N , 8 ° 9 ′ E |
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| Basic data | ||
| State : | Hesse | |
| Administrative region : | Darmstadt | |
| County : | Rheingau-Taunus district | |
| Height : | 84 m above sea level NHN | |
| Area : | 6.74 km 2 | |
| Residents: | 5522 (Dec. 31, 2019) | |
| Population density : | 819 inhabitants per km 2 | |
| Postal code : | 65396 | |
| Area code : | 06123 | |
| License plate : | RÜD, SWA | |
| Community key : | 06 4 39 017 | |
| LOCODE : | DE WA7 | |
| Community structure: | 2 districts | |
| Address of the municipal administration: |
Mühlstrasse 40 65396 Walluf |
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| Website : | ||
| Mayor : | Manfred Kohl ( SPD ) | |
| Location of the municipality of Walluf in the Rheingau-Taunus district | ||
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Walluf is a wine-growing community in the Rheingau-Taunus district in Hesse .
geography
Geographical location
Walluf is located in the Walluftal on the southern slope of the Taunus and on the northern bank of the Rhine . Walluf is the easternmost municipality in the Rheingau .
Neighboring communities
Walluf, also known as the “Gate of the Rheingau”, borders in the north and east on the independent city of Wiesbaden with the districts of Frauenstein and Schierstein and in the west on the city of Eltville am Rhein . In the south, the Rhine forms the border with the Rhineland-Palatinate community of Budenheim .
Community structure
Walluf consists of the localities and districts Nieder- and Oberwalluf .
history
Walluf was first mentioned in writing in 770 as "Waltaffa". Since that time, viticulture operated so is Walluf is the oldest wine-growing community in the Rheingau. Here that began Rheingau Gebück used by the archbishops of Mainz -scale, consisting of an impenetrable hedge Rheingau Landwehr . One of the most important roads led through Walluf into the Rheingau, the passage through the bridge consisted of a heavily fortified gate system , which was called the oven because of its shape . That is why Walluf is also called the Gate of the Rheingau .
In the 11th century, another settlement emerged above the village: the independent municipality of Oberwalluf. The older place on the Rhine has been called Niederwalluf ever since.
With the oldest surviving documentary mention as Waltaffa from the year 770, it cannot be clarified whether Niederwalluf or Oberwalluf is meant. From Nidenwaldoff is mentioned since the 1304th Originally, the place was located east of the Walluf around the current ruins of the Johanniskirche and the tower castle , but seems to have been relocated to the western side in the 12th century, like Martinsthal , under the protection of the Rheingau Gebück . Niederwalluf was thus part of the Electoral Mainz Rheingau . after dissolution of the Electoral state the place in 1803 went to Nassau-Usingen and belonged to the time of the Duchy of Nassau for Office Eltville , then to Rheingaukreis .
During the Nazi dictatorship, the Wilde tooth factory from Niederwalluf maintained a company camp for female forced laborers in the "Grüner Wald" inn in Oberwalluf. On April 1, 1943, the camp was occupied by 16 women.
On October 1, 1971, the two communities Niederwalluf and Oberwalluf merged to form Walluf.
On December 15, 1988, severe gas explosions in a residential area rocked the town; The cause was a gas leak from the pipeline network because a switching fault was causing gas to be fed in from the remote supply network under excessive pressure. Two people were killed and several people injured in the explosions. Around 200 residents had to be evacuated for a few days.
The center of Niederwalluf was flooded several times by strong floods. The highest water levels (in ascending order) were reached in January 1995, February 1970 and March 1988 (“flood of the century”). For days, the residential buildings near the Rhine could only be reached via bridges temporarily built by the fire brigade and with rubber dinghies.
politics
Community representation
The local elections on March 6, 2016 produced the following results, compared to previous local elections:
| Parties and constituencies | % 2016 |
Seats 2016 |
% 2011 |
Seats 2011 |
% 2006 |
Seats 2006 |
% 2001 |
Seats 2001 |
||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| SPD | Social Democratic Party of Germany | 51.0 | 13 | 41.7 | 12 | 38.9 | 11 | 39.0 | 12 | |
| CDU | Christian Democratic Union of Germany | 21.6 | 5 (2) | 25.9 | 8th | 33.2 | 10 | 33.7 | 11 | |
| BVW | Walluf Citizens' Association | 18.9 | 5 | 27.3 | 8th | 21.2 | 6th | 20.5 | 6th | |
| FDP | Free Democratic Party | 8.5 | 2 | 5.1 | 1 | 6.7 | 2 | 6.8 | 2 | |
| total | 100.0 | 25th | 100.0 | 29 | 100.0 | 29 | 100.0 | 31 | ||
| Voter turnout in% | 58.3 | 52.7 | 51.5 | 57.1 | ||||||
mayor
The mayor Manfred Kohl (SPD), who has been in office since October 11, 2002, was re-elected on April 13, 2008 with 92.6% of the votes (without opposing candidates) and on May 25, 2014 with 69.0% of the votes. The turnout was 66.1%. His third six-year term ends on September 30, 2020.
Previously acted as mayor
- 1971–1976 Eberhard Mehl
- 1976–1982 Werner Kluth
- 1982–1994 Bernhard Hoffmann
- 1994–1996 Heinz Spiekermann (CDU, election on May 29, 1994)
- 1996–2002 Jürgen Knode (CDU, election on September 22, 1996).
coat of arms
On November 8, 1971, the municipality of Walluf in what was then the Rheingau district was given a coat of arms with the following blazon : shield divided by red and silver; above a cross-linked double wheel lying below a W in mixed up colors.
Community partnerships
The municipality of Walluf has a partnership with La Londe-les-Maures in France .
Culture and sights
Walluf is hometown of cartoon character Karl - the Spätlesereiter of Michael Apitz .
societies
The Rheingau Sailing Club (SCR) is based in Walluf. It has a little over 300 members, almost a third of whom are young people in their own youth department. The total number of boats is around 180 from the keel ship to the dinghy, some of which are on a jetty in the sailing harbor. The club was founded in 1900.
The two football clubs FSV Oberwalluf and SG Walluf , as well as the gymnastics and sports club (TSV) Walluf are based in Walluf. The two football clubs use the sports field in Johannisfeld am Rhein as a venue. The TSV Walluf emerged in 2015 from the merger of the gymnastics club Oberwalluf (TVO) from 1908, the gymnastics club Niederwalluf (TVN) of 1848 and the amateur sports association (BSV) Walluf.
At the evangelical Heilandsgemeinde there are scout groups of the Heliand scouting tribe VII and the youth club "Project H".
Storks
Between Walluf and Wiesbaden-Schierstein there is the nature reserve Niederwallufer Bucht and the water protection area of the Schierstein waterworks . From the 1970s on, the Schierstein stork community resettled white storks there , which populate Walluf and the surrounding area.
Buildings
Tower castle
Walluf was first mentioned in a document in 770. The construction of the tower castle in Niederwalluf is historically unknown. Only an excavation in 1931/32 brought to light a small noble castle under a mountain of rubble.
Numerous ceramic fragments were found in a dark gray layer, which made it possible to date them to the 9th to 10th centuries. Evidence of iron smelting and processing was discovered.
As the excavations showed, the tower castle with a kennel was built into it to fortify a settlement that was dated earlier. When digging stitches, remnants of the wall and the foundations of a larger house were found, suggesting an expansion of the complex to the west around 1100.
The tower castle once guarded a strategically important point. It can be grouped into a number of Niederburgen as they were widespread in the Rhine-Main area.
The Rhine, which at Walluf continues to flow in a straight direction after a sharp bend, gave the observer a view in both directions.
The trade routes coming from the Taunus and the Lahn area crossed here with the Rheinuferstraße and continue to the south via the Fuhrt.
The settlement was at the end of the Königssondergau, the western border of which was formed by the Wallufbach, later in the course of history, in the afterlehen of the Counts of Nassau, in the Lindau court.
The dimensions of the castle are in the rectangle 11.60 × 9.60 m. The wall thickness is 2.20 m to 2.30 m. The tower was carefully built in cast masonry in stages. The bottom floor was backfilled because of the flood hazard.
To the east ran a 17 m long defensive wall with a moat, which ran to the west at the corners of the tower. The castle was abandoned around 1200.
Johanniskirche
The Johanniskirche was built near the tower castle in the 10th century as a Romanesque hall church. An extension with a north aisle and openings on the north and east sides date back to the Romanesque period. The church was integrated into the fortification.
In the 14th century, the residents withdrew to the protection of the pontoon on the right side of the Wallufbach.
This church burned down completely. In the 15th century it was replaced by a new Gothic building that included the north wall of the previous church.
During the Thirty Years' War the Swedes burned down the rectory and devastated the church. It has been restored.
In the 17th century, services were held in the church, it was buried, the ossuary was still occupied and the Corpus Christi procession moved out. Due to the expansion of the inner-town Adelheid Chapel from the 10th century, the church lost its importance in the early 18th century. The side altars and the high altar of the Johanniskirche were taken over in the new church, which was consecrated to Johannis the Baptist.
In 1773, the pastor still campaigned for the preservation of the church in Johannisfeld.
Impoverished by the aftermath of the war, the Niederwalluf community asked the Nassau government to be allowed to demolish the church at the beginning of the 19th century. No permission was given due to disputed ownership. It therefore slowly deteriorated. The church becomes a barn, ice cellar, stable.
In the 1960s, Wallufer citizens set about clearing the overgrown square and clearing it of vegetation. Preservation and security measures have been taken.
The place is used today for church services and cultural performances. In 2001 the municipality of Walluf redesigned the square in accordance with its historical significance.
Watermills
Numerous former water mills along the bank of the Mühlgraben are evidence of the early economic development of the community.
Kirchner mill
The year of construction is unknown. 1696 is the owner of Lieutenant Colonel von Wonsheim; Anton Becker is the leaseholder. The mill already has two grinding stages and can grind ten Malter grain a day. It is recorded in 1699 as the fourth mill in the Wallufer district. In 1775, Baroness von Boos, nee. von Greiffenclau, and in 1798 Count von Eltz . Johann Boltner buys the mill at auction in 1799, followed by the hereditary tenants Adam Farfort in 1822, Heinrich Zimmermann in 1839, and his widow and son Heinrich in 1854. Johann Kirchner acquired the property in 1877. and runs a sawmill there. Various businesses follow. After the closure of the Wilde tooth factory, the Walluf community acquired the property. Today the town hall is located on the site.
Bow mill
The mill was built before 1393. It is mentioned as the middle mill in Niederwalluf and used to belong to Dyle Welker von Königstein. St. Petersstift in Mainz leased the mill in 1393 to Heicze, named von dem Berge and Arnold von Montabaur, both weavers. In 1696, the mill is designated as a wage mill. It is owned by Hartmann Scheider, Rotgerber from Mainz. In 1711, Nikolaus Behringer bought the property from Baumann's heirs and converted the mill into a grinding mill. In 1818, Wendel Bug appears as the owner in a document. Since then the mill has been owned by the Bug family. It was set up as a flour mill until 1905. As one of the few mills on the bank of the Mühlgraben Wall, the Bug Mill has a rotating water wheel to this day.
Hild Mill
In 1715 the miller Johann Koch from Kiedrich built the Hild mill. It has two grinding stages and one peeling cycle. In 1746 Johann Backhaus is given as a miller. In 1799, the Petersstift in Mainz sells the mill to Peter Wilhelm Arnet. A bakery was first handed down here in 1822. The owners now change in quick succession: Georg Kindlinger in 1828, Johann Gehm in 1832, and Müller and baker Johann Arnet in 1855. By marriage, the mill property becomes the property of Caspar J. Hild; a bread factory is operated here from 1920 until after the Second World War . Milling is stopped around 1940. The listed property was left to decay for many years. Today, cultural events take place in the Hild mill, which now operates under the name “Mill of Fine Arts”.
Weller mill
The year in which the Weller mill was built is unknown. In 1699 a white tanner mill is mentioned. This used to be a fulled cloth mill and was converted into a fulled leather mill by Peter Fritz. In 1711 it was converted into a flour mill. In 1716 it was owned by the Senft family and passed to Friedrich Kippenberger in 1718. The mill is later mentioned as Specht'sche Mühle and comes into the possession of the Körber family. In 1818 it is led by G. Friedrich Körber. In 1855 the mill had two grinding courses with an operating time of around six months. Milling ceased around 1880. By marriage, the property passed to Michael Weller in 1912 and later became the property of the Jost family.
Arnet mill
In the 13th century, a mill in Oberwalluf is first mentioned, which is probably the Arnet mill. In the course of history this is also mentioned as Lerchi'sche Mühle, Kurfürsten-Mühle and Israels-Mühle. In 1662, Elector Johann Philipp von Mainz acquired the mill from Anna Kunigunde von Heynenberg, it had a fulling and mill aisle. The property is outside the pontoon. For a long time the fulling mill was operated by wool weavers from Mainz. In 1701 the miller Kritter took over the mill, equipped with a fulling mill and grinding mill, two grinding aisles and a peeling aisle. In 1745 Andreas Israel buys the property and in 1755 Peter Bischof becomes the owner. During this time the mill is converted into an oil and grinder mill. Johann Fieder bought the mill in 1794. By marriage, the mill property passed to Georg Josef Arnet and remained in the possession of the Arnet family for a long time. But after a long time, the Arnet Mühle was sold in 2013 and now belongs to the Mehl family.
Diefenbach mill
The exact year the Diefenbach mill was built is not yet known. Junker Molsberger from Bodenheim is mentioned as the first known owner of the grinding mill in 1671. The mill is in the "Flecken" near the "oven" in the Lindau dish. The mill is the only one on the Wallufbach that has an undershot mill wheel and therefore cannot grind during high water. In the 1850s, master carpenter Diefenbach acquired the mill and used water power to operate his sawmill. The water for the mill operation was led through a separate ditch from the Wallufbach to the property. The mill wheel was on the back. After changing ownership, the mill was acquired by the Jansen family in 1957 as a residential and commercial building.
Dickescheidt mill
Mentioned as early as 1200, it is probably the oldest grinding mill in the Walluftal. In 1274, the mill and bakery are listed in the records of the Mainz Cathedral Foundation and in 1321 it is transferred from the Mainz Foundation to the ownership of the local Knight of Lindau. By marriage, the mill came into the possession of the von Goroth family at the beginning of the 17th century. Noble families have determined the fate of the mill for centuries. At the beginning of the 19th century it passed into the bourgeois possession of the Korn family (around 1818 Paul Korn). The grinding mill had two grinding stages with an operating time of six months. From 1894/95 the conversion to an industrial company takes place. In 1922 Josef Dickescheidt became the new owner. The waterwheel had a diameter of three meters, a width of 1.70 meters and generated around eight horsepower. In 1956 the Dickescheidt mill was shut down and in 1978 it was demolished along with the entire property.
Kniesel Mill
The year the mill was built is unknown. The mill belongs to von Knebel in 1686, the inheritance is the widow of the miller Albert Kurz. In 1698 the mill had two grinding stages. Later it goes to Jakob Lohnstein. In 1818 Johann Schmidt is mentioned as a miller. In 1855 the mill had three grinding stages with two water wheels. Rebuilding after a fire in 1851. Karl Kniegel, cigar box manufacturer, took over the property in 1874, built a steam wood cutter and made cigar boxes. In 1880 the mill burned down completely. After a new construction, the owners change in quick succession. 1892 the property is taken over by the company Dr. Dietrich & Brockhues took over, demolished and incorporated into the current factory site.
Ditt mill
The year of construction is not known, but the mill must have existed as early as 1600. In 1699 Jakob Löhr is the owner of the mill. A grind is available. The mill was in the Eltville district until 1809, and Mathes Göhm is the owner in 1818. Between 1822 and 1848 the mill had two grinding courses. Around 1850, under Andreas Korn, the mill was converted for wood processing. Franz Ditt follows as owner in 1872. He converted the mill to metalworking and made household items from aluminum. The mill was destroyed in a major fire in 1913. After it was rebuilt, it was converted into a grinding mill during the First World War and in 1917 the mill became the property of Chemische Werke Brockhues AG.
Schramm mill
The mill was built in 1747 by Peter Bischof on the site of an "old Rheingau Landtschantz" in Eltville as a grinding mill. In 1755 Andreas Israel exchanged the mill with his brother-in-law for the Arnet mill. Adam Filsinger is listed as the owner in 1767 and Johann Krieger in 1777. The mill has two grinding courses and is taken over by the Kitzinger couple in 1843. Nicolaus Sattler followed in 1848 and Philipp Schmidt in 1850. In 1875 the Thoma family took over the property and built a bakery in 1879. Nikolaus Boerma sells the mill property in 1886 to the Wiesbaden trading company "Heyum" Heymann. In 1903 the couple Louis Schramm became the owners. The purchase by Chemische Werke Brockhues AG takes place in 1910.
Economy and Infrastructure
education
There are three kindergartens in Walluf, two of which are in Niederwalluf and one in Oberwalluf. With the Walluftalschule, Walluf has a primary school. Secondary schools (grammar schools, secondary schools) are located in neighboring Eltville (grammar school Eltville, Gutenberg school) and Wiesbaden (various grammar schools and secondary schools), as well as in Geisenheim (Rheingau school, St. Ursula school).
Economic structure
In the north of Niederwalluf on Martinsthaler Strasse with a connection to the B 42, the community has developed an industrial park that has been growing continuously for several years. In addition to numerous craft and service companies, well-known as well as national and international companies are based in Walluf. These include VU Verlagsunion KG, a subsidiary of the Bauer Media Group , IQ-Company AG, the spice and quality additives manufacturer Van Hees GmbH., Engel ElektroMotoren GmbH, and the Brockhues Chemical Works, which is now part of the US Huntsman concern.
Wine
Walluf, like all communities in the Rheingau, is a winegrowing community with many ostrich taverns and taverns. Vineyards are the Vitusberg, the Langenstück, the Walkenberg, the Gottesacker, the Oberberg and the Berg-Bildstock. Riesling is predominantly grown, but also Pinot Noir, Pinot Blanc and other grape varieties. Wallufer wines are of excellent quality, but are better known than those of the neighboring community of Eltville am Rhein . Well-known wineries are Weingut Bonnet, Weingut Becker, Weingut Mehl, Weingut Russler, Weingut Schweibächer, Weingut Arnet, Weingut Klerner und Erben, Weingut Scherer or Weingut Bug. Some of these also operate ostrich taverns or taverns, in which their own wine and typical Rheingau dishes are offered.
traffic
Walluf is located on the right Rhine route Koblenz - Wiesbaden . Regional trains of the Vias (RheingauLinie), which run between Frankfurt and Neuwied, stop every hour at Niederwalluf train station and every half hour during rush hour .
The federal highway 42 also follows the right bank of the Rhine, which merges into the Autobahn 66 at the eastern municipal boundary . From the B 42, the B 260 branches off into the Taunus .
Due to the closure of the Schiersteiner Bridge , there was a car ferry connection across the Rhine to Budenheim in Rhineland-Palatinate from February 19 to April 24, 2015.
Bike trails
Cycle trails run along the banks of the Rhine :
- The Hessian long -distance cycle route R3 ( Rhein-Main-Kinzig-Radweg ) leads along the Rhine, Main and Kinzig via Fulda to Tann in the Rhön under the motto In the footsteps of the late harvest rider . On the section to Eltville– Hochheim am Main , the R3 leads over the Rheingau Riesling route .
- The Rhine Cycle Path , an approx. 1,230 km long long-distance cycle path that leads through five countries from the headwaters of the Rhine in the Swiss Alps at the Oberalp Pass to the mouth near Rotterdam .
Sons and daughters of the church
- Franz Egenieff (1874–1949), actually Emil von Kleydorff, opera singer and film actor
Web links
- Website of the municipality of Walluf
- Walluf, Rheingau-Taunus-Kreis. Historical local dictionary for Hessen. In: Landesgeschichtliches Informationssystem Hessen (LAGIS).
- Literature on Walluf in the Hessian Bibliography
- Literature by and about Walluf in the catalog of the German National Library
- Link catalog on Walluf at curlie.org (formerly DMOZ )
- Picture by Niederwalluf from JF Dielmann, A. Fay, J. Becker (draftsman): FC Vogel's panorama of the Rhine, pictures of the right and left banks of the Rhine, FC Vogel lithographic institute, Frankfurt 1833
Individual evidence
- ↑ Hessian State Statistical Office: Population status on December 31, 2019 (districts and urban districts as well as municipalities, population figures based on the 2011 census) ( help ).
- ↑ Oberwalluf, camp for forced laborers, “Grüner Wald” inn. Topography of National Socialism in Hesse. In: Landesgeschichtliches Informationssystem Hessen (LAGIS).
- ^ Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality directory for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer GmbH, Stuttgart and Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 375 .
- ^ History of the Rheingau District Fire Brigade Association
- ^ Result of the municipal election on March 6, 2016. Hessian State Statistical Office, accessed in April 2016 .
- ^ Hessian State Statistical Office: Result of the municipal elections on March 27, 2011
- ^ Hessian State Statistical Office: Result of the municipal elections on March 26, 2006
- ↑ Jutta Schiddessen: exodus from Wallufer CDU. In: Wiesbadener Kurier (Region), January 19, 2019 (accessed January 19, 2019)
- ↑ Wiesbadener Tagblatt of October 6, 2008: Continue to be patient and have good nerves. Mayor Kohl starts his second term
- ^ Hessian State Statistical Office: direct elections in Walluf
- ^ Mourning for former mayor Werner Kluth In: Wiesbadener Tagblatt from April 9, 2015 (accessed April 17, 2015).
- ↑ Approval of a coat of arms of the municipality of Walluf, Rheingaukreis from November 8, 1971 . In: The Hessian Minister of the Interior (ed.): State Gazette for the State of Hesse. 1971 No. 48 , p. 1917 , point 1572 ( online at the information system of the Hessian state parliament [PDF; 4.7 MB ]).
- ↑ Portrait of the sailing club Rheingau e. V. ( Memento of the original from June 12, 2010 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Wiesbadener Tagblatt dated July 31, 2013: The protected Arnet mill in Walluf sold ( Memento of the original dated November 23, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ^ Van Hees company history
- ↑ [1]
- ↑ Schiersteiner Brücke: Now car ferry in use , Main network from February 19, 2015
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