Eltville on the Rhine

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coat of arms Germany map
Coat of arms of the city of Eltville am Rhein
Eltville on the Rhine
Map of Germany, position of the city of Eltville on the Rhine highlighted

Coordinates: 50 ° 2 ′  N , 8 ° 7 ′  E

Basic data
State : Hesse
Administrative region : Darmstadt
County : Rheingau-Taunus district
Height : 86 m above sea level NHN
Area : 46.77 km 2
Residents: 16,971 (Dec. 31, 2019)
Population density : 363 inhabitants per km 2
Postcodes : 65343-65347
Primaries : 06123, 06723Template: Infobox municipality in Germany / maintenance / area code contains text
License plate : RÜD, SWA
Community key : 06 4 39 003
LOCODE : DE EVI
City structure: 5 districts

City administration address : 		Gutenbergstrasse 13
65343 Eltville am Rhein
Website : www.eltville.de
Mayor : Patrick Kunkel ( CDU )
Location of the city of Eltville on the Rhine in the Rheingau-Taunus district
Lorch (Rheingau) Rüdesheim am Rhein Geisenheim Oestrich-Winkel Kiedrich Eltville am Rhein Walluf Schlangenbad Bad Schwalbach Heidenrod Aarbergen Hohenstein (Untertaunus) Taunusstein Hünstetten Idstein Niedernhausen Waldems Rheinland-Pfalz Wiesbaden Landkreis Limburg-Weilburg Main-Taunus-Kreis Hochtaunuskreis Kreis Groß-Geraumap
About this picture

Eltville am Rhein [ ˈɛltvɪlə ] (from Alta Villa , Latin = "high court, higher town", blended into Eldeville , Elfeld and later Eltville ) is the largest town in the Rheingau , Rheingau-Taunus district in Hesse , Germany .

It is located in the specific growing area Rheingau and is called wine, sparkling wine and rose city and, since 2006, also Gutenberg city , which means it has the most city titles in Germany.

geography

location

Eltville is located on the southern slope of the Rheingau Mountains , the southwest part of the Taunus , at the mouths of the Sülzbach and Kiedricher Bach in the east-northeast-west-southwest direction of the Rhine .

Neighboring communities

Eltville borders in the north on the communities Schlangenbad and Kiedrich , in the east on the independent city Wiesbaden and the community Walluf , in the south - separated by the Rhine - on the communities Budenheim and Heidesheim as well as the city Ingelheim (all three districts Mainz-Bingen in Rhineland -Pfalz ) and in the west to the city of Oestrich-Winkel .

Aerial photograph 2006
The place of Montrichard, the plane tree lined Rhine promenade of Eltville; in the middle of the picture the Eltzer Hof, further back the tower of the electoral castle
Eltville electoral castle
Temporary sculpture installation by the concept artist Ottmar Hörl in the Gutenberg commemorative year 2018 in Eltville Castle
Crass Castle in Eltville

City structure

The urban area of ​​Eltville is divided into five local districts. Each local district has a local advisory council chaired by a local mayor. One district was formed for the core city of Eltville, the others for the municipalities incorporated in 1972 and 1977:

history

The first traces of settlement in the urban area can be traced back to the Neolithic Age . Traces of a country house date from the Roman period . From the end of the 4th century, the Franconian grave field of Eltville west of the village near the Drais farm indicates continuous settlement. A Franconian royal court was the starting point for the development of today's place. Its first documentary mention as Altavilla is in the Vita Bardonis , the biography of Archbishop Bardo of Mainz, who died in 1051 . At that time the royal court already belonged to the Archbishopric of Mainz . The parish church probably already existed under Archbishop Friedrich (937–954).

The village was fortified with a wall as early as 1313. In 1329 the construction of the archbishop's castle and the city wall began. On August 23, 1332, at the request of Archbishop Baldwin of Trier and administrator of the Mainz archbishopric, Emperor Ludwig the Bavarian granted Eltville city ​​rights . With the completion of the electoral castle in 1347, Eltville was the residence of the Archbishops of Mainz until 1480. Thus Eltville repeatedly became a scene of the disputes between Pope and Emperor about the occupation of the Holy See of Mainz. These culminated in the Mainz collegiate feud . After the electoral court left, Eltville was only the capital of the Rheingau.

The city has a number of historical noble courts, such as the Stockheimer Hof of the Barons Langwerth von Simmern (today the seat of the Langwerth von Simmern winery ), Craß Castle and the Eltzer Hof of the Counts of Eltz . The electoral castle was destroyed in the Thirty Years War in 1635 by the Swedes except for the residential tower.

On May 8, 1948, the Eltville fire brigade hosted the first assembly meeting of the Nassau Fire Brigade Association after the Second World War , in which 679 delegates took part.

Historical forms of names

Historically documented mentions of the place are:

  • Altavilla (1060-1084)
  • Eltivile (1148)
  • Altevile (1151)
  • Eltevil (1350)
  • Ellfeld (15th century)
  • Eltville (1812)

Incorporations

In the course of administrative reform in Hesse on 1 July 1972, the previously independent municipality were Hattenheim on a voluntary basis and on 1 January 1977, the previously independent municipalities Erbach (Rheingau) , Martinsthal and Rauenthal powerful state law in the city Eltville (Rhine) incorporated . Local districts with local advisory councils and local councilors were formed for both the core city and the city districts .

Religions

Each of the five districts of Eltville has a Catholic parish. These are united in the pastoral area of the parishes of Rauenthal - Martinsthal - Niederwalluf - Oberwalluf - Kiedrich - Eltville - Erbach - Hattenheim - Hallgarten - Oestrich - Mittelheim and Winkel . The city's Protestant Christians are spread across three parishes. In Eltville and Erbach they belong to the Evangelical Church Community TRIANGELIS Eltville-Erbach-Kiedrich . With the Johanneskirche , founded by Princess Marianne of Prussia in 1861, the community owns the oldest Protestant church in the upper Rheingau. The Protestant Hattenheimers belong to the Evangelical Church Community of Oestrich-Winkel . And in Martinsthal and Rauenthal they are part of the Evangelical Heilandsgemeinde Walluf Martinsthal Rauenthal .

Jewish residents have been attested to in Eltville since the 14th century, albeit with temporary interruptions. The emergence of the modern Jewish community was reflected in a synagogue ordinance from 1787. The Eltville Synagogue was inaugurated in 1831 . The interior of the synagogue was destroyed in the night of the Reichspogrom. The community existed until the time of National Socialism in 1938. The Eltville Jewish cemetery from 1896/97, next to the municipal cemetery in the core town of Eltville, still exists.

politics

City Council

The local elections on March 6, 2016 produced the following results, compared to previous local elections:

Distribution of seats in the 2016 city council
      
A total of 37 seats
Parties and constituencies %
2016 		Seats
2016 		%
2011 		Seats
2011 		%
2006 		Seats
2006 		%
2001 		Seats
2001
CDU Christian Democratic Union of Germany 42.4 16 40.3 15th 44.0 16 45.5 17th
SPD Social Democratic Party of Germany 20.7 7th 25.2 9 30.1 11 29.2 11
GREEN Alliance 90 / The Greens 15.8 6th 18.9 7th 9.8 4th 10.7 4th
FEB For Eltville - Citizens' Movement 7.7 3 5.7 2 - - - -
FDP Free Democratic Party 7.4 3 5.2 2 5.0 2 5.2 2
BL Citizen List 6.0 2 4.7 2 7.0 3 5.4 2
REP The Republicans - - - - 4.1 1 - -
WOK Opitz-Kaldenberg voter community - - - - - - 4.0 1
total 100.0 37 100.0 37 100.0 37 100.0 37
Voter turnout in% 52.1 50.3 54.4 51.3
Town hall in Gutenbergstrasse (former post office)
The townscape of Erbach
The townscape of Hattenheim
The village of Martinsthal
The townscape of Rauenthal

mayor

Mayor Patrick Kunkel (CDU), who has been in office since September 1, 2006, has been re-elected twice: on April 22, 2012 with 64.8 percent and on March 4, 2018 with 66 percent. He was elected on April 9, 2006 in a runoff election with 54 percent of the vote. The turnout was 46.2 percent. He is the successor to Bernhard Hoffmann, who was directly elected as the first mayor in 1994.

Former mayors:

  • 1994 to 2006: Bernhard Hoffmann (CDU)
  • 1988 to 1994: Bernd Knauf (CDU)
  • 1958 to 1988: Josef Hölzer (CDU)
  • 1952 to 1958: Hans Bertram
  • 1946 to 1952: Edmund Pnicck
  • 1945: Johannes Merkel (acting)
  • 1945: Jakob Eskelund (acting)
  • 1934 to 1945: Heinrich Grell
  • 1922 to 1934: Heinrich Röttgen
  • 1904 to 1922: Philipp Keutner
  • 1894 to 1904: Anton Schütz
  • 1889 to 1894: Georg Friedrich Germersheimer
  • 1855 to 1889: Johannes Bott

Town twinning

The city of Eltville am Rhein maintains partnership relationships with

Culture and sights

Buildings

View of Eltville from the towpath
Eltville, House The Rose from the Rhine side

Regular events

  • Gutenberg winter in Eltville - every year in January and February
  • Daffodil market - every Saturday two weeks before Easter
  • Rheingau gourmet week and days of open wine cellars with wine tastings - end of April / beginning of May
  • Whitsun holidays at the Sonnenberg Häus`chen - three days of serving and entertainment with a view of Eltville
  • Rose days in Eltville - every year on the first weekend in June
  • Strawberry Festival in Erbach - every year in mid-June
  • Eltville sparkling wine festival - every year on the first weekend in July
  • Martinsthaler Weinfest - always on the second weekend in July
  • Rheingau Music Festival - in summer
  • Rauenthal Wine Festival - on the second or third weekend in August
  • Burghofspiele - in summer
  • Craft market - every year on the first Sunday in September
  • Kappeskerb / Vintage Festival in Eltville - every year on the first weekend in November
  • Rheingau Pokal (Taekwondo, fight) - every year in mid-November
  • Musical winter in Eltville - every Thursday from mid-November to the end of April every year
  • Christmas lights in the streets of the renovated old town - from the 1st of Advent to Epiphany (January 6th)
  • the big advent calendar - the 24 windows of the media library become the advent calendar (daily opening at 5 p.m.)
  • Christmas market in the old town - the second weekend in December
  • Rheingau vintage picnic - in April, May, July, September and October

Economy and Infrastructure

Economy and tourism

Main building of the MM sparkling wine cellar on Matheus-Müller-Platz

Eltville is touristically developed and known for the production of wine and sparkling wine , which can be tasted in the numerous wineries and ostrich taverns. A special feature is the Eltville vinotheque , which, as an association of leading wineries, enables consumers to compare products. It is the only local vinotheque in the Rheingau and one of the few in Germany. Eltville is the seat of today's most Rotkäppchen-Mumm champagne cellars belonging Matheus-Müller-sparkling wine (brand MM), the Hessian State Wine Domains Kloster Eberbach and Sektmanufaktur Vaux and the biggest industrial employer in the Rheingau, the Jean Mueller Electrical Factory .

Since 1988 Eltville allowed to Rose City name, a name after the Rose a "formative local component" must be. The glowing red rose "Stadt Eltville" was presented in 1990 by the breeder Hans Jürgen Evers and can be seen in many ways in the rose garden of the castle. The Japanese breeder Kazuzo Tagashira named one of his breeds “Beautiful Eltville” in memory of a visit to the city.

Last but not least, Eltville with its districts is a station on the Deutsche Fachwerkstrasse .

Bike trails

Variant R3a of the Hessian long-distance cycle route R3 ( Rhein-Main-Kinzig-Radweg ) runs through the municipality largely via the Rheingau Riesling route . The R3 runs along the Rhine , Main and Kinzig via Fulda to Tann in the Rhön . The Rhine Cycle Path also runs along the banks of the Rhine , an approx. 1,230 km long long- distance cycle path that leads through five countries from the headwaters of the Rhine in the Swiss Alps on the Oberalp Pass to the mouth near Rotterdam .

traffic

The federal highway 42 runs through the urban area as a seamless extension of the federal highway 66 to the west. It runs with the three junctions Eltville North, Middle and West as a motorway-like bypass road north of the city center through the vineyards, turns south and reaches the end of the four-lane extension on the banks of the Rhine between Eltville and Erbach, which it follows further west . In this way, Erbach and Hattenheim are separated from the banks of the Rhine by a busy traffic artery reserved only for motor vehicle traffic. In order to prevent a similar destruction of the Eltville bank of the Rhine, Erich Kapitzke founded the "Association for the Protection of the Eltviller Wallufer Rheinuferlandschaft" in 1958, which succeeded in replacing a bypass on the Eltville bank of the Rhine with the northern bypass in 1989 after several decades of planning various variants has been completed.

Immediately after the end of the A 66, the equally busy federal road 260 branches off from the B 42 to the north. It leads through the Martinsthal district and on towards Bad Ems and Nassau (Lahn) . At the same time, it connects Eltville with the district town of Bad Schwalbach.

The city is part of the Rhein-Main-Verkehrsverbund on the right Rhine route of the Deutsche Bahn from Frankfurt am Main via Wiesbaden and Koblenz to Neuwied with stations in Eltville , Erbach and Hattenheim . Here plying Rheingau line RB 10 and the Rheingau Express RE9 with multiple units of type Flirt the VIAS GmbH . There are several landing stages on the bank, including those for regular services from Cologne-Düsseldorf Rhine shipping.

Educational institutions

  • Freiherr-vom-Stein-Schule (elementary school in the Eltville district)
  • Gutenberg School (secondary school in the Eltville district)
  • High School Eltville (Eltville district)
  • Sunflower School (elementary school in the Erbach district)
  • Waldbachschule (elementary school in the Hattenheim district )
  • Otfried Preußler School (Rauenthal Elementary School)
  • Mediathek Eltville (Public City Library )

Personalities

Honorary citizen

  • Augustinus Kilian (born November 1, 1856 in Eltville; † October 30, 1930 in Limburg an der Lahn) was Roman Catholic bishop of the diocese of Limburg an der Lahn from 1913 until his death ; Honorary citizen since 1921.
  • Franz Weißenberger (born March 3, 1938 in Mainz-Kastel; † May 26, 2014) was the last mayor of the municipality of Martinsthal and then for 18 years full-time 1st city councilor of Eltville am Rhein. The honorary citizenship was still granted by the Martinsthal municipal council in December 1976.

sons and daughters of the town

in alphabetic order

Other personalities

in chronological order

  • Gheno von Eberbach (13th century), clergyman
  • Johannes Gutenberg (* around 1400 in Mainz; † before February 26, 1468 there) was appointed court nobleman on January 17, 1465 by the Archbishop and Elector Adolf II of Nassau , who then resided in the electoral castle in Eltville. Presumably under Gutenberg's guidance, the Bechtermünz brothers set up a small print shop in Eltville. In 1467 they published the Vocabularius ex quo , a Latin dictionary. Thomas Aquinas Summa de articulis fidei (1472) was also reprinted in this workshop . Eltville is thus one of the cradle cities of book printing. A memorial in the castle tower commemorates Gutenberg. Gutenberg's brother, Friele Gensfleisch, lived in Eltville from 1434 until his death in 1447. The Gensfleisch house is still right next to the castle today.
  • Georg Herber (born January 30, 1763 in Winkel, † March 11, 1833 in Eltville), long-time president of the second chamber of the estates of the Duchy of Nassau
  • Carl Caspar Créve, established himself as a doctor in Eltville in 1800. Créve was also a writer in the field of gynecology and, in his book On Diseases of the Female Pelvis, brought unknown facts and a new presentation of the subject. His complete work is about the broken legs of the pelvic bones and the diseases of their connections . He was a student and friend of Soemmerring .
  • Salomon Marix (born May 26, 1805 in Zillisheim; † March 27, 1872 in Wiesbaden), French-German-Jewish cloth merchant from Lyon, bought a property in front of the Kappeltor in 1849 and had the Villa Marix built there as his residence with an extensive garden. When the garden became a building area much later, the street in this residential area was given the name Im Marixgarten . Marix also acquired the Eltviller Aue and built a representative mansion there.
  • Julius Koch (born February 28, 1912 in Frankfurt am Main; † July 2, 1991 in Eltville), German beverage researcher , oenologist and food chemist
  • Heinz Hankammer (born November 4, 1931 in Breithardt; † September 18, 2016), entrepreneur and association official; grew up in Eltville
  • Jennifer Braun (born April 28, 1991 in Rüdesheim am Rhein), singer; lives in Eltville

Documents

  • Picture by Elfeld (today Eltville) from JF Dielmann, A. Fay, J. Becker (draftsman): "FC Vogel's Panorama of the Rhine - Pictures of the Right and Left Banks of the Rhine", FC Vogel lithographic institute, Frankfurt 1833

Web links

Commons : Eltville am Rhein  - Collection of images, videos and audio files
Wikivoyage: Eltville am Rhein  - travel guide
Wikisource: Eltville in Merian's Topographia Hassiae  - Sources and full texts
Wiktionary: Eltville  - explanations of meanings, word origins, synonyms, translations

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Hessian State Statistical Office: Population status on December 31, 2019 (districts and urban districts as well as municipalities, population figures based on the 2011 census) ( help ).
  2. ↑ Patrick Kunkel's website
  3. ^ "Hessen from above" ( Memento from April 19, 2014 in the Internet Archive ), hr-fernsehen , April 14, 2014
  4. ↑ Nassau Fire Brigade Association (Ed.): Chronicle of the Nassau Fire Brigade Association, 1872–1997 . Wiesbaden 1997.
  5. ^ "Eltville am Rhein, Rheingau-Taunus-Kreis". Historical local dictionary for Hesse (as of April 14, 2014). In: Landesgeschichtliches Informationssystem Hessen (LAGIS). Hessian State Office for Historical Cultural Studies (HLGL), accessed on July 10, 2014 .
  6. ↑ Lutz Kuntzsch: Language under the microscope: Is Eltville am Rhein French or Hessian? In: Wiesbadener Kurier, June 1, 2018 (accessed June 3, 2018)
  7. ^ Municipal reform in Hesse: mergers and integrations of municipalities from June 21, 1972 . In: The Hessian Minister of the Interior (ed.): State Gazette for the State of Hesse. 1972 No. 28 , p. 1197 , item 851; 2. Para. 4. ( Online at the information system of the Hessian State Parliament [PDF; 4.4 MB ]).
  8. ↑ Law on the reorganization of the Rheingau district and the Untertaunus district (GVBl. II 330-30) of June 26, 1974 . In: The Hessian Minister of the Interior (ed.): Law and Ordinance Gazette for the State of Hesse . 1974 No. 22 , p. 312 , § 8 ( online at the information system of the Hessian state parliament [PDF; 1.5 MB ]).
  9. ↑ main statute. (PDF; 70 kB) §; 6. In: Website. City of Eltville, accessed February 2019 .
  10. ↑ Pastoral Space ( Memento from March 12, 2014 in the Internet Archive )
  11. ↑ Evangelical Church Community Eltville Erbach Kiedrich
  12. ↑ Evangelical Church Community Oestrich-Winkel
  13. ↑ On the history of the Jewish community
  14. ^ Result of the municipal election on March 6, 2016. Hessian State Statistical Office, accessed in April 2016 .
  15. ^ Hessian State Statistical Office: Result of the municipal elections on March 27, 2011
  16. ^ Hessian State Statistical Office: Result of the municipal elections on March 26, 2006
  17. ↑ Ulrike Würzberg: Patrick Kunkel wins the mayor election in Eltville clearly. Wiesbadener Kurier , April 22, 2012, archived from the original on May 14, 2012 ; accessed on March 13, 2017 .
  18. ↑ VRM GmbH & Co. KG: Mayoral election in Eltville: Patrick Kunkel (CDU) remains in office after a clear victory . ( wiesbadener-kurier.de [accessed on May 7, 2018]).
  19. ^ Hessian State Statistical Office: direct elections in Eltville ( Memento from November 19, 2008 in the Internet Archive )
  20. ↑ Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung, July 13, 1994, No. 160, p. 39
  21. ↑ Rheingau-Taunus Monthly Gazette, Edition 2/2007 ( Memento from December 18, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) (PDF; 2.4 MB)
  22. ↑ Magistrate of the City of Eltville (ed.): Festival program 650 years of Eltville town rights 1332-1982
  23. ↑ faz.net of August 17, 2014: How the small Riviera on the Rhine was saved
  24. ↑ The time of April 2, 1976: That is why it remains so beautiful on the Rhine
  25. ↑ From the city, district and surroundings - Eltville. Hochheim City Gazette from August 25, 1921.
  26. ↑ No successor for the time being. First Councilor Weissenberger in Eltville is retiring. Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung, September 7, 1995, archived from the original on August 14, 2013 ; accessed in September 2019 .
  27. ↑ List of (living) honorary citizens of the city of Eltville am Rhein , accessed on August 14, 2013
  28. ↑ Wiesbadener Kurier of November 16, 2017: The Villa Marix in Eltville