Fire brigade in Hessen

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Hesse fire brigade
Coat of arms of Hesse.svg
Emergency number : 112
staff
Active
(without youth): 		74,718
Volunteer rate: 93.3%
Quota for women: 12.7%
Youth fire brigade : 26,500
Children's fire brigade : 12,201
bases
Total number: 2481
division
Voluntary weirs 2420
Plant fire brigades 55
Company fire departments 0
Professional fire departments 6th
Calls
Total number: 101.998
Distribution according to type of use
Fire operations 40,053
Technical operations 54,042
Other uses 7,903
State of the data 2018

The fire brigade in Hessen comprises the public and non-public fire brigades in Hessen , their tasks, organization, resources and activities. The legal basis of the fire brigade is the Hessian law on fire protection, general aid and disaster control (Hessian Fire and Disaster Protection Act - HBKG) , which is supplemented by fire brigade ordinances for public fire brigades .

Tasks and organization

Type and number of fire departments

The HBKG differentiates between public fire brigades (in the form of a professional fire brigade (BF), voluntary fire brigade (FF) or compulsory fire brigade ) (PF) and the non-public fire brigades, the works fire brigades (WF).

In 2018, all 423 Hessian municipalities each had a fire brigade. These are divided into around 2,481 district and district fire brigades.

Fire and rescue station 1 of the BF Frankfurt

The five large cities of Hesse with more than 100,000 inhabitants have to maintain a professional fire brigade. Smaller towns can have a professional fire brigade.

The following major Hessian cities must maintain a professional fire brigade:

  1. Frankfurt am Main ( Frankfurt am Main Fire Brigade )
  2. Wiesbaden ( Wiesbaden Fire Department )
  3. Kassel ( fire brigade Kassel )
  4. Darmstadt ( Darmstadt Fire Brigade )
  5. Offenbach am Main ( Offenbach am Main Fire Department )

Another city that has a professional fire brigade is the university town of Giessen with the Giessen fire brigade .

Types and number of fire service operations

In 2010, the Hessian fire brigades launched 56,600 fires, 59,752 technical assistance and 18,666 false alarms.

Responsibilities

According to the Hessian Fire and Disaster Protection Act, the municipalities are responsible for fire protection and general aid in their area.

In particular, the districts have to advise and support the municipalities in carrying out the fire protection and general aid tasks incumbent on them, including warning the population.

In particular, the State of Hesse has to advise and support the municipalities and the rural districts in the fulfillment of their tasks, as well as to set up and prepare alarm plans and operational plans for plants and dangerous incidents that may pose a risk to several rural districts or urban districts that require central defense measures to have it updated. The Hessian Ministry of the Interior publishes the FLORIAN HESSEN as the central and up-to-date specialist magazine for the fire brigades in Hesse. Six times a year, this fire service magazine informs its readers u. a. About current operations, news from the fire brigade, specialist information, reports on vehicles and new technology, important personal details, events and dates.

Fire Brigade Associations

structure

There are 32 district fire brigade associations (KFV) in the 26 districts and independent cities of Hesse , which are organized through three district fire brigade associations (BFV). The central association of the Hessian fire brigades is the Landesfeuerwehrverband Hessen eV (LFV Hessen) , based in Kassel , which, in addition to the representations of the volunteer fire brigades, also includes groups of professional fire brigades (BF) and plant fire brigades (WF) as well as other supporting members. LFV Hessen is a member of the German Fire Brigade Association (DFV) based in Berlin .

history

The first fire brigade associations in today's Hesse were today's district fire brigade associations:

On April 21, 1954, against the background of the subdivision of the federal states in the post-war period and after years of tough negotiations, the Hessen State Fire Brigade Association was founded in Frankfurt am Main on April 21, 1954 .

Fire Brigade Associations

In the Hessian fire brigade, almost all fire brigade locations have a public volunteer fire brigade (FF) and fire brigade associations . Although there is a legal difference between the public fire brigade and the fire brigade association, they are mostly one unit on site. In addition to the task of recruiting members, the organization of events also generates financial resources that can also directly benefit the equipment of the fire services. Many fire brigade associations also see themselves as cultural bearers, especially when it comes to maintaining customs . The associations are organized according to the association law principles of the civil code . The most important organs are the general assembly and the board.

Other organizations

German Fire Brigade Museum in Fulda

Accident insurance

The responsible fire department accident insurance company is Unfallkasse Hessen (UKH) based in Frankfurt am Main. 164,600 volunteers in Hessen are insured here.

Fire brigade museums

In Hesse is Fulda the seat of the German Fire Brigade Museum . There are also other local fire brigade museums (see also list of fire brigade museums ), including in Dietzenbach , Frankfurt am Main and Wiesbaden .

Firefighters

In 2018, around 71,200 active fire brigade members were registered in the more than 2,430 district and district fire brigades, the proportion of women was 12.0%. There were also around 1,800 professional fire fighters and 2,200 plant fire fighters.

education

Hessian fire brigade school in Kassel

The training is basically based on the same guidelines as in other federal states.

Basic education and training at the district level

The basic training ( squad man training) and squad leader training as well as some technical courses (e.g. machinist , radiotelephone , breathing apparatus wearer , technical assistance for traffic accidents) can be carried out by the districts / urban districts and the cities with professional fire brigades.

State fire brigade school

The Hessian State Fire Brigade School is the fire brigade school for the State of Hesse. The HLFS is one of the largest fire brigade schools in Germany, with a capacity of 240 participants who are accommodated and fed on board.

Fire department competitions

X. International fire fighting competition in Berlin in 1993, winner in the fire fighting discipline - FF Beselich-Obertiefenbach

In 1980, the Hessian fire brigade performance exercises replaced the fire brigade competitions that had been in effect until then, which were particularly focused on "speed". These fire brigade performance exercises, which were designed by the Hessian State Fire Brigade School, are intended to consolidate and supplement the knowledge already acquired in practice and theory and to raise the general level of performance with regard to the tasks to be mastered by the fire brigades in a modern technical era. The technical and sporty character of these exercises should also be an incentive for a fair comparison of the performance of the fire brigades with one another. These Hessian fire brigade performance exercises are advertised or organized annually at district, district and state level. They contain a theoretical part (answering the questionnaire) and a practical part (fire brigade exercise with fire fighting and rescuing people using respiratory protection and digital radio ).

The theoretical part consists of filling out a questionnaire with 15 specialist questions. These questions come from all fire service areas such as burning, extinguishing, portable ladders, FwDV 3, water-bearing fittings, hose knowledge, fire extinguishers, water supply, accident prevention, first aid, operational training, etc. and are answered by six members of a team. Each correct answer and correct completion of the questionnaire header are awarded points. In the practical part, exercises are carried out for the fire fighting group (9 people) or the fire fighting team (6 people). The exercises are based on fire service regulations 1 (basics), 3 (fire fighting), 7 (respiratory protection) and 10 (portable ladders) as well as the accident prevention regulations and radio communications.

Individual volunteer fire brigades from Hessen also take part in fire service competitions . Through elimination competitions at the state and federal level, Hessian teams repeatedly qualify for the international fire service competitions organized by the world fire service association CTIF every four years . In July 1985 , the Nidderau - Eichen volunteer fire brigade was world champion in Austria at the Traditional International Fire Brigade Competitions . At the International Fire Brigade Sports Competitions of the CTIF in July 1993 in Berlin , the Beselich-Obertiefenbach volunteer fire brigade won in the fire fighting discipline and became world champion after having won 3rd place and the bronze medal in this so-called Fire Brigade Olympics in Warsaw / Poland four years earlier .

Ranks and positions

Ranks

The ranks are awarded after a combination of training (successfully completed courses) and experience (completed service). The exact provisions for the volunteer fire brigades are regulated in the Hessian Fire Brigade Clothing and Rank Ordinance (HFDV). Ranks that are tied to a certain function are retained, even if the function is no longer exercised. The highest rank in the volunteer fire brigade is the main fire chief.

Positions

The responsibilities at the individual levels are regulated as follows:

  • Wehrführer (WeFü): Head of the city or district fire brigade (local level). He is supported in his tasks by the youth fire department warden (JFW).
  • City or community fire inspector (GBI): Head of the fire service at city or community level. He is supported in his tasks by the city or community youth fire department warden (GJFW). If the location of the damage is in his city or community area, he is responsible for the technical operations management as the chief of operations.
  • District fire inspector (KBI): Head of fire protection supervision at district level. He is supported in his tasks by the district fire supervisor (KBM), the district trainer and the district youth fire department warden (KJFW).
  • State Fire Director: Head of Fire Protection in the Hessian Ministry of the Interior and for Sport (state level)

Youth and children's fire brigade

The youth fire brigades (JF) and children's fire brigades (for children from 6 years of age) are essential instruments for recruiting young people . In around 2,000 youth fire departments, 25,000 boys and girls are active in the original youth fire department and 3,400 in the children's fire department. The youth fire service is represented by the Hessian Youth Fire Service in the State Fire Service Association of Hesse. The local youth fire brigades are combined with those of the city or community youth fire brigade. Your representation at the district level is the district youth fire brigade. There are different exams and assessments in both groups.

Technical resources

vehicles

In 2010, the Hessian fire brigades had 3,446 fire engines, 185 aerial rescue vehicles, 411 rescue and equipment trolleys and 79 hose trolleys.

Control centers, alarms and radio

The fire brigade operations are coordinated by 25 integrated central control centers. The control centers alert and coordinate the rescue service, the fire brigade and disaster control units. For this purpose, the digital BOS radio is available throughout Hesse for everyday use. In the state of Hesse there are 25 radio communication groups, each with an integrated control center, which are divided into seven radio communication areas, each with a control radio station.

Clothing and labeling

The appearance and quality of the protective clothing and work clothing are specified in the Hessian Fire Brigade Clothing and Rank Ordinance (HFDV).

Turnout clothing and identification

The nature of the turnout gear is essentially based on the relevant European standards. The protective clothing bears no mark of the rank, but the function.

Uniform

For the uniforms of the adult fire brigade members, a dark blue service jacket and service trousers or skirt with a dark blue fire brigade cap are specified. These are worn together with a light blue and white shirt or blouse, a dark blue tie and black shoes. Rank badges as well as functional badges and badges of honor are worn on the uniform.

See also

Portal: Fire Brigade  - Overview of Wikipedia content on the subject of fire brigade
Wiktionary: Feuerwehr  - explanations of meanings, origins of words, synonyms, translations

Web links

Commons : Fire Brigade in Hessen  - Collection of images

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b Annual Report 2018: Emergency services are often required . In: FLORIAN HESSEN . 6/2019, p. 14 ff.
  2. ↑ Hessian law on fire protection and the assistance of the fire brigade (Hessian Fire Protection Act - HBKG) of May 3, 2018. Hessian Ministry of the Interior and for Sport, accessed on May 30, 2018 .
  3. ^ Infothek regulations. Hessian Ministry of the Interior and for Sport, accessed on May 30, 2018 .
  4. ↑ 2010 annual statistics . In: German Fire Brigade Association (Ed.): FEUERWEHR-YEARBOOK 2012 . ecovent, Lübbecke 2013, p. 347-364 .
  5. ↑ District fire brigade associations of the State Fire Brigade Association of Hesse , accessed on May 30, 2018
  6. ↑ City Fire Brigade Associations of the State Fire Brigade Association of Hesse , accessed on May 30, 2018
  7. ↑ District fire brigade associations of the State Fire Brigade Association of Hesse , accessed on May 30, 2018
  8. ^ Franz-Josef Sehr : The foundation of the Nassau fire brigade association . In: Yearbook for the Limburg-Weilburg district 2012 . The district committee of the district of Limburg-Weilburg, Limburg-Weilburg 2011, ISBN 3-927006-48-3 , p. 65-67 .
  9. ^ Landesfeuerwehrverband Hessen (Hrsg.): All the strength of the fire brigade! - 50 years of the State Fire Brigade Association of Hesse . Kassel 2004, ISBN 3-927006-48-3 , p. 20-45 .
  10. ↑ Brief information Unfallkasse Hessen, figures 2018
  11. ↑ a b Annual balance sheet 2018. Hessian Ministry of the Interior and for Sport, December 2018, accessed on February 5, 2019 .
  12. ^ Fire brigades in Hessen - organizations in fire protection. Hessian Ministry of the Interior and for Sport, accessed on May 30, 2018 .
  13. ^ Franz-Josef Sehr : X. Fire Brigade Olympics 1993 in Berlin . In: Florian Hessen 9/1993 . Munkelt Verlag, Wiesbaden 1993, p. 24-26 . ISSN 0936-5370 .  
  14. ↑ a b Hessian fire brigade clothing and rank ordinance (HFDV). Hessian Ministry of the Interior and for Sport, November 6, 2017, accessed on May 30, 2018 .
  15. ↑ Interior Minister Peter Beuth: “Voluntary fire brigades do outstanding things”. Hessian Interior Minister Peter Beuth, 23 August 2017, accessed on 30 May 2018 .
  16. ↑ 2010 annual statistics . In: German Fire Brigade Association (Ed.): FEUERWEHR-YEARBOOK 2012 . ecovent, Lübbecke 2015, p. 347-364 .
  17. ↑ Radiotelephone training - operational organization. In: HLFS - Hessian State Fire Brigade School. HLFS - Hessian State Fire Brigade School, March 2018, accessed on August 19, 2019 .