Oak trees (Nidderau)

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Oak trees
City of Nidderau
Coat of arms of oaks
Coordinates: 50 ° 15 ′ 31 ″  N , 8 ° 54 ′ 17 ″  E
Height : 119  (117-131)  m above sea level NHN
Residents : 1936  (2019)
Incorporation : December 31, 1971
Postal code : 61130
Area code : 06187

Eichen is a district of Nidderau in the Main-Kinzig district in Hesse .

location

Eichen lies on the edge of the Wetterau in the Niddertal ( natural subunit Heldenbergener Wetterau ) at an altitude of 119 meters above sea ​​level , about 3.5 km northeast of the city center of Nidderau.

history

Half-timbered houses in Hirtengasse

middle Ages

The earliest surviving document that mentions oak dates back to February 16, 1035. In it, Emperor Konrad II gave an oak estate to his wife Gisela von Schwaben . Immediately afterwards, the two of them jointly transfer this and other goods to the Limburg an der Haardt monastery as founding equipment. In the document, oaks are described as lying in the Wetterau , in Count Otto's county ( in pago Wedereibie in comitatu Ottonis comitis ). It also says that the monastery will keep the place as its property, with all the rights and usufructs that the Rhine-Franconian dukes have had there since then .

The Fronhof owned by the noble von Eichen family (proven from 1253 to 1373) in the village was bought by the Naumburg provost in 1356 . Even then, the sovereignty in Eichen lay with Hanau , although the oldest surviving feudal letter dates from 1439, which proves that the Counts of Hanau carried the village and the bailiwick from the Limburg monastery, later from the Electoral Palatinate, to fief. When the country was divided in 1458, oaks became part of the County of Hanau-Münzenberg .

A chapel is documented in 1380 , the patronage of which was with Saint Lucia . The parish was a branch of the parish Heldenbergen . The patronage initially lay with the pastor of Heldenbergen, who ceded it to the Mainz cathedral chapter .

Historical forms of names

In surviving documents, oaks were mentioned under the following names (the year of mention in brackets):

  • Eichine (1035)
  • Own (1258)
  • Eychen (1355)

Modern times

The County of Hanau-Münzenberg initially joined the Lutheran denomination during the Reformation , and was reformed from 1597 . Until the 17th century there was a joint Protestant parish with Erbstadt and Ostheim . Eichen later formed its own community.

Evangelical church oaks

After the death of the last Hanau count, Johann Reinhard III. , the County of Hanau-Münzenberg - and with it oaks - fell to the Landgraviate of Hessen-Kassel in 1736 , which in 1803 became the Electorate of Hesse . During the Napoleonic period, Eichen was under French military administration from 1806, belonged to the Principality of Hanau from 1807 to 1810 and then from 1810 to 1813 to the Grand Duchy of Frankfurt , Department of Hanau . Then it fell back to the Electorate of Hesse. During the administrative reform of the Electorate of Hesse in 1821, during which the Electorate of Hesse was divided into four provinces and 22 districts, Eichen was added to the Hanau district. In 1866 the electorate was annexed by Prussia after the German-Austrian War and became part of Hesse after the Second World War . As part of the regional reform in Hesse , Eichen was incorporated into the city of Nidderau on December 31, 1971 .

Population development

  • 1587: 48 riflemen and 25 philistines
  • 1632: 76 families
  • 1707: 95 families
  • 1754: 117 households with 502 people
  • 2000: 1930 inhabitants
  • 2010: 1813 inhabitants
  • 2019: 1936 inhabitants

Hessian State Statistical Office

Lower gate from 1682 with an upper floor made of half-timbered houses, part of the former fortifications.

traffic

Bundesstrasse 521 runs northwest of Eichen . In the southeast there is a stop on the Niddertal Railway . A train station existed here until 1988 .

Personalities

More worth knowing

  • On the southern outskirts of the village there was a flour mill on a mill ditch branching off from the Nidder, which was closed in 1920.
  • The Paul Maar primary school is in oak.
  • The place is on the Bonifatius Route , a pilgrimage and hiking trail.
  • In the Kleine Gasse , a short historical path conveys the local history of Eichens. It begins at the Untertor (1682) and leads past the Protestant parish church, which in its current form dates from the end of the 17th / beginning of the 18th century.
  • The " BahnRadweg Hessen " cycle path leads through the village on former railway lines for approx. 250 km through the Vogelsberg and the Rhön.

literature

  • Willi Klein: On the history of milling in the Main-Kinzig district = Hanauer Geschichtsblätter 40. Hanau 2003, pp. 373–374.
  • Gerhard Kleinfeldt and Hans Weirich: The medieval church organization in the Upper Hesse-Nassau area = writings of the institute for historical regional studies of Hesse and Nassau 16 (1937). ND 1984, p. 39.
  • Heinrich Reimer: Historical local dictionary for Kurhessen . Marburg 1926, p. 105.

Web links

Commons : Oak trees  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Wilhelm Manchot : Limburg Monastery , Mannheimer Altertumsverein, 1892, p. 7
  2. ↑ a b "Eichen, Main-Kinzig-Kreis". Historical local dictionary for Hessen. (As of December 22, 2014). In: Landesgeschichtliches Informationssystem Hessen (LAGIS).
  3. ^ Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality directory for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer GmbH, Stuttgart and Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 367 .
  4. ↑ In the years 1632, 1707 and 1754 the number of inhabitants in the county of Hanau was determined. The figures are reproduced here after Erhard Bus : The consequences of the great war - the west of the county of Hanau-Munzenberg after the Peace of Westphalia . In: Hanauer Geschichtsverein : The Thirty Years War in Hanau and the surrounding area = Hanauer Geschichtsblätter 45 (2011), ISBN 978-3-935395-15-9 , pp. 277-320 (289ff.)
  5. ↑ a b Nidderau "scratches" the 20,000 inhabitant mark , April 7, 2011, wetterauer-zeitung.de
  6. ↑ Hessisches Statistisches Landesamt (Hrsg.): Historical municipality register for Hesse 1 = The population of the municipalities 1834-1967. Wiesbaden 1968.