Fire brigade in Schleswig-Holstein

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Schleswig-Holstein fire brigade
Flag of Schleswig-Holstein.svg
Emergency number : 112
staff
Active
(without youth): 		49,971
Volunteer rate: 97.8%
Quota for women: 7.6%
Youth fire brigade : 9491
bases
Total number: 1338
Calls
Total number: 45.006 (including false alarms, excluding emergency operations and patient transport)
State of the data 2013

The fire brigade in Schleswig-Holstein describes the entirety of the public and private fire brigades in Schleswig-Holstein , their tasks, organization, resources and activities. The legal basis of fire services in Schleswig-Holstein is the Fire Protection Act (BrSchG).

Tasks and organization

According to the Schleswig-Holstein Fire Protection Act, the fire service includes "fighting fires and protecting people and property from fire damage (defensive fire protection), providing assistance in emergencies and accidents (technical assistance), preventing fires and fire hazards (preventive fire protection, Participation of fire brigades in fire protection education and fire protection education) and participation in disaster control. " The responsible higher authority is the Ministry of the Interior of the State of Schleswig-Holstein with the "Fire Brigade and Disaster Protection" department located in the municipal department.

In addition to the statutory tasks, the volunteer fire brigades in particular take on a variety of civic engagement tasks in the numerous rural communities of Schleswig-Holstein , such as carrying out or supporting public events or youth work.

Types and numbers of fire departments

The Fire Protection Act differentiates between the public fire departments sponsored by the municipalities

Professional fire brigades only exist in Schleswig-Holstein in the four independent cities of Kiel (see also Kiel fire brigade ), Lübeck (see also Lübeck fire brigade ), Flensburg (see also Flensburg fire brigade ) and Neumünster .

In the remaining more than 1100 communities there are voluntary fire brigades or, in four cases, compulsory fire brigades (in Burg (Dithmarschen) , List on Sylt , Friedrichstadt and in Grömitz ). Since some municipalities have several local or district fire departments (e.g. four fire departments in the area of ​​the city of Norderstedt ), there are more volunteer fire departments in Schleswig-Holstein than municipalities. The size of the volunteer fire brigades ranges from one fire brigade with a TSF vehicle to fire brigades with up to seven fire brigades in two trains (e.g. in Elmshorn ). The number of volunteer fire brigades has been falling for years.

In addition to the public fire brigades, there are fewer than 30 plant fire brigades as well as some locations of the Bundeswehr fire brigade .

year Professional fire departments Voluntary fire brigades Youth fire brigades recognized works and company fire departments
2004 4th 1,416 386 31
2005 4th 1,414 397 27
2006 4th 1,408 403 29
2007 4th 1.406 406 29
2008 4th 1,403 413 29
2009 4th 1,397 416 28
2010 4th 1,396 416 21st
2011 4th 1,386 417 26th
2012 4th 1,377 425 27
2013 4th 1,371 429 27

Source: Annual statistics of the fire brigades in Schleswig-Holstein ("FEU 905") of the Schleswig-Holstein Ministry of the Interior

Types and number of fire service operations

For years, the actual fire operations have only made up the smaller part of the incident; technical assistance is much more frequent.

Emergency operations and ambulance transports in Schleswig-Holstein occur predominantly at the four professional fire departments , which also cover the rescue service . This is usually not the case in the area of ​​the voluntary fire brigades. However, some volunteer fire brigades have created first responder units that can bridge any waiting times until the rescue service arrives (" therapy-free interval ") and can then also handle emergency operations.

year Fires and explosions Disaster relief
operations		 Technical assistance Animals /
insects		 Emergency
operations		 Patient
transport		 Other uses False positives
2004 7,021 0 15,662 1,567 42,383 60,773 5,152 3,975
2005 7,235 0 14,574 960 39.105 56,562 5,483 3,558
2006 7,555 0 17,490 3,402 44,948 57,268 4.101 4,524
2007 7.102 0 17,934 1,598 k. A. k. A. k. A. 6,457
2008 7,296 1 16,473 1,556 k. A. k. A. k. A. 4,522
2009 7.132 0 14,680 1,637 59,181 60,778 4.138 4,300
2010 7,064 0 14,261 1,526 58,352 77,042 4.191 4,981
2011 8,296 0 15,399 1,440 64.097 60,773 3,621 5.111
2012 9,026 0 14,496 in TH 70,953 45,664 3,770 6.365
2013 10,533 528 23,049 in TH 55.201 56,523 5,296 6,407

Source: Annual statistics of the fire brigades in Schleswig-Holstein ("FEU 905") of the Schleswig-Holstein Ministry of the Interior

Responsibilities

According to the Fire Protection Act, the municipalities must have an “efficient public fire brigade”. The criteria for personnel and technical performance are regulated in detail in an organizational decree issued by the Ministry of the Interior. Several municipalities belonging to the office can delegate the task of fire protection to the office.

According to the law, the districts and urban districts are obliged to maintain an operations control center and to have alarm plans ready for cross-community help. In addition, the districts and urban districts must maintain an information system on dangerous substances and goods and set up a "fire fighting train for dangerous goods". The districts must also offer supra-local training courses and set up a fire service center where devices can be checked and accommodated and courses held. In addition, the districts are responsible for setting up fire brigade readiness , in which units from several fire brigades work together on a regional basis for major damage situations.

The state of Schleswig-Holstein is, in addition to the "promotion of fire services", legally obliged, among other things, to maintain a state fire brigade school and to grant the municipalities and districts "grants for fire protection and technical assistance". In practice, these grants are mainly financed from the fire protection tax.

Associations

The municipal fire brigades are compulsory members of their city ​​or district fire brigade association according to the provisions of § 13 BrSchG . These are corporations under public law , each headed by a city or district weir.

The city and district fire brigade bands, together with other organizations, are members of the state fire brigade association Schleswig-Holstein eV At the head of the association is the state fire chief . The State Fire Brigade Association is in turn a member of the German Fire Brigade Association .

Other organizations

Accident insurance

The accident insurance (" Feuerwehr-Unfallkasse ") of the fire brigades is the Hanseatische Feuerwehr-Unfallkasse Nord (HFUK Nord) with headquarters in Kiel and other offices in Hamburg , Schwerin and Güstrow .

Fire Brigade Museum

In Norderstedt there is the Schleswig-Holstein Fire Brigade Museum on the initiative and with the support of the Friends of the Fire Brigade Museum Hof ​​Lüdemann eV . It shows historical fire fighting vehicles and equipment and publishes its own magazine ( Der Feuermelder ).

staff

In 2013 there were almost 50,000 active members of the fire brigades in Schleswig-Holstein, more than 48,000 of them in the volunteer fire brigades, the rest in professional and plant fire brigades. In addition, there are almost 15,000 members in the age and honorary departments of the volunteer fire brigades and more than 9,000 members of the youth fire brigades. In total, more than 74,000 people in Schleswig-Holstein are or were active in the fire service, which corresponds to around 2.6% of the total population. In addition, there is an unknown number of supporting members in the volunteer fire departments.

Full-time and voluntary workers

The active members of the volunteer fire brigades are almost exclusively active on a voluntary basis. There are only one or more full-time equipment control rooms in a few larger municipal volunteer fire departments. In addition, individual locations have full-time guard departments in addition to the voluntary fire brigade, e.g. B. at the industrial site in Brunsbüttel or at the Norderstedt fire brigade . The Elmshorn fire brigade has a corresponding requirement to relieve the volunteers. The members of the full-time security department must have a qualification corresponding to the professional fire brigade. People who are not fit for fire service have been able to work in administrative departments since 2015.

The number of active volunteers in the voluntary fire brigade has decreased slightly overall in recent years, but the number of active female employees has increased significantly in recent years, the proportion increased from 5.1% (2004) to 7.9% (2013) to. In the professional and plant fire brigades, the proportion is less than one percent, but among the 9,491 members of the youth fire brigade, the proportion of female members is even 24%.

year Active in the professional fire brigade Active in the volunteer fire brigade Active in the plant fire department Active in the youth fire brigade Active female members of the volunteer fire brigade
2004 704 49.026 1,097 9,456 2,496
2005 702 48,784 1,072 9,528 2,500
2006 688 48,758 1.103 9,407 2,546
2007 697 48.503 1,146 9,429 2,741
2008 717 48,863 1,144 9,515 2,907
2009 730 49,212 1,165 9,537 2,956
2010 734 49,314 827 9,568 3,097
2011 724 48,832 1,130 9,639 3,629
2012 747 48,369 1,028 9,166 3,648
2013 870 48.104 997 9,491 3,777

Source: Annual statistics of the fire brigades in Schleswig-Holstein ("FEU 905") of the Schleswig-Holstein Ministry of the Interior

education

The training in the fire brigades in Schleswig-Holstein follows the fire service regulation 2 as in the other federal states . It is divided into troop training (troop man and troop leader training), leadership training (group leadership, platoon leadership, military leadership, association leadership) and technical training (e.g. B. Training as radio operator, (driver) machinist, chain saw operator or wearer of breathing apparatus as well as further technical training e.g. for technical assistance, for respiratory protection emergencies etc.).

Basic training

The basic training consists of practical training in the fire brigade and the attendance of two basic training courses (formerly "Troop man 1 and 2", today usually "fire brigade basic course" or similar). The practical training in the fire brigade should include at least 150 hours including the courses. Further technical and management training then takes place predominantly in the form of courses at district or state level.

Training at the district level

The city and district fire brigade associations conduct the squad leader courses as well as most technical courses with volunteer staff. These district trainers are usually members of the volunteer fire brigades who have special qualifications for the respective topic.

State fire brigade school

The state of Schleswig-Holstein operates the Schleswig-Holstein fire brigade school in Harrislee. There the leadership courses (from group leadership) as well as the training for the district trainers with full-time staff are carried out for the volunteer fire brigades. The budget for running costs of the state fire brigade school was around 2.7 million euros in 2012.

"Fire brigade license"

Fire service members who have been in possession of a class B driving license for at least two years can in Schleswig-Holstein after a theoretical and practical briefing and a final drive of at least 45 minutes the so-called " fire service driver's license " for emergency vehicles with a permissible total weight of up to 7 , 5 tons received. The briefing, testing and issuing of the certificate can be carried out by a fire brigade member who has reached the age of 30, has had a valid class C1 driving license for at least five years and does not charge more than three points in the central traffic register at the time of the briefing and test drives is.

Rank system

The ranks of the fire brigade in Schleswig-Holstein are assigned depending on qualification, function and length of service.

Promotion of young talent

The more than 400 youth fire brigades with almost 10,000 active members are an essential instrument for promoting young talent . The youth fire brigades are open to children and young people from 10 to 17 years of age. With the youth fire brigade center in Rendsburg , the youth fire brigades in Schleswig-Holstein have their own training grounds. Since 2015, children's fire brigades have also been legally permitted for children from the age of six.

Sports funding

In the professional fire brigades and in some volunteer fire brigades, sport is carried out as part of the fire service in order to prepare for the physical demands of use (especially with respiratory protection). The Hanseatische Feuerwehrunfallkasse supports volunteer fire brigades in Schleswig-Holstein with the "Fit for Fire" project. B. through start-up courses and trainer seminars.

Technical resources

vehicles

The fire brigades in Schleswig-Holstein mainly use small fire engines. In 2013, there were more than 650 portable fire pumps and almost 500 fire engines of the old LF8 and LF8 / 6 standard. In contrast, larger fire fighting vehicles (LF 16 and larger) were in the minority.

In 2013, a total of 317 vehicles with radiotelephony were in use by the professional fire brigades, and 2,559 by the volunteer fire brigades (this corresponds to an average of 1.9 vehicles per volunteer fire brigade).

The fire vehicle types are assigned a vehicle point value that reflects the basic tactical value of a vehicle. These point values ​​must correspond to the risk classes of the release area (municipality or part of a municipality): The risk point value of a release area must at least be achieved by the fire fighting vehicles available there.

year TSF TSF-W LF8, LF8 / 6 LF 16, LF 16-TS LF16 / 12, LF 24, HLF TLF Aerial rescue Vehicles with radio in total
2004 578 196 630 197 138 372 67 3,340
2005 547 205 636 316 155 389 69 3,277
2006 506 244 632 310 169 382 69 3,402
2007 489 267 623 314 176 368 71 3,402
2008 469 280 616 323 189 351 70 3,440
2009 482 255 626 310 206 346 76 3,275
2010 405 324 587 323 233 295 72 3,241
2011 388 337 619 309 248 302 71 2,933
2012 361 331 509 193 190 259 68 3,075
2013 321 337 480 109 281 248 70 2,559

Development of the number of vehicles at the voluntary fire brigades in Schleswig-Holstein
Source: Annual statistics of the fire brigades in Schleswig-Holstein ("FEU 905") of the Schleswig-Holstein Ministry of the Interior

Control centers, alarms and radio

The eleven districts and four independent cities operate a total of seven control centers for fire and rescue services, three of which are integrated regional control centers (cross-county) and two cooperative control centers (cross-county with the involvement of the police).

Control center Location cover
Cooperative control center north Harrislee City of Flensburg , Schleswig-Flensburg and North Friesland districts
Cooperative control center west Elmshorn Districts of Pinneberg , Steinburg and Dithmarschen
Integrated regional control center in the middle Kiel City of Kiel, Rendsburg-Eckernförde and Plön districts
Integrated regional control center south Bad Oldesloe Districts Stormarn , Duchy of Lauenburg and Ostholstein
Integrated control center Neumünster Neumunster City of Neumünster and adjacent areas of the districts of Plön, Segeberg, Rendsburg-Eckernförde and Steinburg
Control center Holstein Norderstedt Segeberg district
Control center Lübeck Lübeck City of Lübeck

In almost half of the cases (more than 23,000), the around 48,000 volunteer workers are alerted by a message receiver , otherwise by a siren.

Alerting and radio communications are currently being converted to digital radio . The Ministry of the Interior has set up a state central office for BOS digital radio . With the introduction of the digital BOS voice radio, the radio call names are also adapted to the operational-tactical addresses (OPTA).

software

The majority of the city and district fire brigade associations (cities of Kiel, Flensburg, Lübeck, Neumünster and the districts of Ostholstein, Plön, Rendsburg-Eckernförde, Duchy of Lauenburg, Stormarn, North Friesland, Schleswig-Flensburg, Pinneberg) use the fire service administration program Fox-112.

Clothing and labeling

Uniforms and operational clothing are regulated in a uniform regulation.

Turnout clothing and identification

Protective clothing today is mainly worn in black and blue, orange and red protective clothing is increasingly being phased out. Some fire departments have also introduced sand- / gold-colored clothing ( PBI material). The emergency services usually wear a name tape on their jacket. Rank, course or honor badges, however, are only worn on so-called service clothing.

Identification vest for the chief of operations

The functional identification on the protective clothing is carried out by horizontal stripes on the helmet, different colored Koller and identification vests and, if necessary, additional back labels . Wear:

  • Squad leader a yellow vest,
  • Section chief a white vest,
  • "Leader of a requested unit" a red vest,
  • District or Stadtwehr leader or head of the professional fire brigade a yellow roll and two red rings on the helmet,
  • Official or community armed forces leader etc. a white roll and usually a red ring on the helmet,
  • Local service leader and platoon leader a red Koller and usually two stripes on both sides of the helmet,
  • Squad leader a blue vest and a red stripe on both sides of the helmet,
  • Expert advisor a green vest,
  • Fire department chaplains or employees of the psychosocial emergency care a purple vest,
  • Respiratory protection monitor a black and white vest,
  • Wearers of breathing apparatus have the letter A on the helmet ( optional determination ).

Uniform

(E.g., as a "dress uniform." With the on the jacket of the so-called uniform service suit the Armed Forces comparable) in addition to the insignia also with placements and service badge as well as medals and decorations (such. As the Schleswig-Holstein fire brigade Ehrenkreuz or Schleswig-Holstein Fire Protection Decoration ), often in the form of strap buckles . Name tags are also common in some, especially larger, fire brigades.

See also

Portal: Fire Brigade  - Overview of Wikipedia content on the subject of fire brigade
Commons : Firefighting  - album with pictures, videos and audio files
Wiktionary: Feuerwehr  - explanations of meanings, origins of words, synonyms, translations

literature

  • Landesfeuerwehrverband Schleswig-Holstein: Fire brigades in Germany. Vol. 2: Schleswig-Holstein . Berlin: Huss, 2006, ISBN 978-3-341-01416-5
  • Action plan of the fire brigades of Schleswig-Holstein . 2007. Available online (PDF)
  • Clausen, Lars et al .: Development of the fire brigade in Schleswig-Holstein: a multidimensional approach to the analysis and prognosis of the development of the fire brigade including the development of proposed solutions for the maintenance of the volunteer fire brigade against the background of changing, inhomogeneous requirement profiles Expertise issued by the Ministry of the Interior of State of Schleswig-Holstein. Kiel, 1996

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Law on fire protection and assistance by fire brigades (Fire Protection Act - BrSchG) of February 10, 1996
  2. ^ Organization plan of the Schleswig-Holstein Ministry of the Interior ( Memento from March 24, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) (PDF; 53 kB), as of May 2, 2013
  3. ↑ Fire brigades in the Dithmarschen district , last accessed on May 14, 2013
  4. ↑ "The List fire brigade has been a compulsory fire brigade since March 2005" , last accessed on May 14, 2013
  5. ↑ dpa, shz.de: Too little staff: Friedrichstadt forces 50 citizens to serve in the fire department | shz.de. In: shz. Retrieved on April 21, 2016 (German).
  6. ↑ Too small fire brigade, in Grömitz extinguishing is mandatory on the side of the NDR
  7. ↑ The fire brigade in Grömitz is looking for comrades on the NDR website
  8. ↑ a b c d e f Annual statistics of the fire brigades in Schleswig-Holstein ("FEU 905") of the Schleswig-Holstein Ministry of the Interior, 2013 with the note that a "change in the recording modalities" may result in deviations in the figures from the previous year.
  9. ↑ for example in Dänischenhagen, ("Special unit ready for use", newsletter of the Schleswig-Holstein State Fire Brigade Association, issue 15, from August 7, 2015, p. 9) or Glückstadt
  10. ↑ Organization and equipment of the volunteer fire brigades, compulsory fire brigades and plant fire brigades as well as the careers and training of their members. Decree of July 7th, 2009
  11. ↑ §5, point 10 of the official regulations of February 28, 2003
  12. ↑ Introduction of the structure for fire brigade readiness. Decree of May 19, 2008
  13. ↑ The basis is the guidelines for the promotion of fire services in Schleswig-Holstein from December 8, 2010
  14. ↑ a b Distribution of the fire protection tax in the financial equalization year 2012 ( Memento from February 19, 2015 in the Internet Archive )
  15. ↑ Fire Brigade Museum Schleswig-Holstein
  16. ^ "Brunsbüttel Fire Brigade: Full-Time Guard" , last accessed on May 14, 2013
  17. ^ "Call for help: Defense calls for reinforcements" , Elmshorner Nachrichten online from March 2, 2011
  18. ↑ State ordinance on the granting of driving authorizations to volunteer members of the voluntary fire brigades, the recognized rescue services, the technical relief organization and other units of the disaster control (Driving Authorization Ordinance - FahrbVO), of September 15, 2011
  19. ↑ Summary of the information day on the acquisition of the driving license for volunteer members of the voluntary fire brigades, the recognized rescue services, the technical relief organization and the units in the disaster control of September 13, 2011
  20. ^ Youth fire brigade in the state fire brigade association Schleswig-Holstein eV
  21. ↑ Fit for Fire project of HFUK Nord ( Memento from September 27, 2013 in the Internet Archive ), accessed on September 25, 2013
  22. ↑ Appendix 1 to the organizational decree fire brigades , OrgFw, of the state of Schleswig-Holstein
  23. ↑ Integrated control center Neumünster , accessed on May 2, 2020
  24. ^ State central office for BOS digital radio
  25. ↑ Ministry of the Interior of the State of Schleswig-Holstein - State Fire Brigade School: Uniform regulations for the fire brigades in the State of Schleswig-Holstein ( memento of July 8, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) of September 4, 2008. According to the announcement of the Ministry of the Interior of November 13, 2013 (Official Journal Schl. -H. 2013, p. 969) the period of validity was extended to December 31, 2018.