Lübeck Fire Brigade
| Lübeck Fire Brigade | |
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 Office of the City of Lübeck
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| Professional fire brigade | |
| Founding year: | 1898 |
| Locations: | 4th |
| Employee: | about 450 |
| Volunteer firefighter | |
| Founding year: | 1889 |
| Departments: | 22nd |
| Active members: | about 800 |
| feuerwehr.luebeck.de | |
The Lübeck Fire Brigade is the fire protection authority of the city of Lübeck. It is divided into various professional and volunteer fire departments . The volunteer fire fighters (FF) are also in the City Fire Brigade Association of the Hanseatic City of Lübeck organized and represented by them.
history
Development of fire protection in Lübeck since the Middle Ages
After the great city fire of 1276, the City Council of Lübeck issued a building and fire police ordinance for the first time, which only allowed the walls of buildings to be made of stone and required fire-proof roofing. The first fire regulations were finally issued in 1461 and are the oldest fire fighting regulations in northern Germany . Part of the extinguishing water supply has been ensured since the Middle Ages by the exemplary water arts in front of the Hüxtertor on the Wakenitz .
A corresponding decree of 1761 had almost 100 years validity and stipulated that at St. Mary and St. Jakobi towers were stationed, the one discovered fire by fire bell must report and red flag fire or lantern. In such a case, the city gates as well as the town hall were closed and the syringe commanders and syringe people gathered at the six urban syringe houses . The emergency services then rushed to the source of the fire with syringes, water vats, buckets, poker hooks and ladders , the water was u. a. brought by brewery partnerships. A total of up to 600 men were deployed in a major fire in old Lübeck.
In the 19th century, fire damage in Lübeck became insurable, for example the Lübeck Fire Insurance Association was established for the rural area .
At the strategically most favorable point at the time , because it was located in the middle of the city at its highest point in Breiten Straße 61a , the Lübeck main fire station, known as the Spritzenhaus, had been located since 1855.
In 1878, after a few reforms, the Lübeck fire protection system was given a more structured form:
The fire brigade consisted of
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The firemen's corps consisted of
The laborers passed
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The City Fire Brigade Association of the Hanseatic City of Lübeck was founded in 1889 as the "Association of Voluntary Fire Brigades of the Hanseatic City of Lübeck", which consisted of nine volunteer fire brigades with 231 men.
The fire brigade and the corps were alerted as compulsory fire brigade with telegraphic alarm devices, while the unskilled workers were more or less voluntary and were unreliable and difficult to reach during the day. Due to this unreliability, which resulted more from organizational reasons than from negligence or disobedience, on July 1, 1898, by resolution of the Senate, the building craftsmen who had been doing their job up to then were replaced and only a very small group of civil servants, fire directors, fire supervisors and some equipment attendants existing fire brigade, the professional fire brigade consisting of full-time firefighters . Fire director Eugen Deditius remained in charge of their management .
To relieve the main guard was since 1902 in the suburb of St. Lawrence in the Hanseatic street with the building complex of the police and fire station , the fire station 2 was built.
The main fire station was awarded in 1906 a new and better the time of its requirements appropriate, building on the lower Fleischhauerstraße no. 91st
Major fires in Lübeck
- 1157: The first conflagration destroys the young city's founding.
- 1251: The first big city fire of the 13th century leads to the introduction of fire prevention regulations in the area of building regulations. Fire walls are prescribed and the use of wood as a building material is restricted.
- 1276: The northern old town falls victim to the second big city fire of this century. Including the castle monastery and the Romanesque first Jakobikirche ; After these fire disasters, the imposed fire protection began to take effect and Lübeck was spared from conflagrations until 1942.
- 1835: St. Annen-Armen- und Werkshaus
- 1842: Big fire in Hamburg in which Lübeck and his team contributed six syringes
- 1849: House on the corner of Königstrasse / Hüxstrasse
- 1880: Tenant house of the Parcham Foundation in Padelugge
- 1914: Wood storage of the wood wholesaler W. Brüggmann
- 1942: Air raid on Lübeck on March 29, 1942
- 1978: Major fire at IVG site in Schlutup (waste paper store)
- 1982: Stadtgut Krummesse
- 1980: Major fire at Katz & Klump in Schlutup
- 1984: warehouse in Dänischburg (Fehring company)
- 1984: New bank building in Moislinger Allee
- 1986: Storage facility from Schneider Rabbitborn
- 1986: Two agricultural properties on Gut Dummersdorf burn down (April and July)
- 1987: Major fire of the Bobe Autoteile company
- 1987: Airplane fire at Lübeck-Blankensee Airport
- 1988: Major fire in the Moisling youth home
- 1989: Five old town houses burn down in part (on the wall and tank passage)
- 1989: Big fire in the Hansa refractory plant
- 1990: Mobilo warehouse in Schlutup burns down
- 1990: Major fire for waste paper storage in Gleisdreieck
- 1990: Major fire in the Danish bed warehouse in the Buntekuh shopping center
- 1992: Major fire in the Hausser wood storage facility, Ziegelstrasse
- 1993: Major fire in the Wesloe recycling center
- 1993: Large fire in the paper warehouse at Konstinkai
- 1994: Big fire in a semi-detached old town on the Untertrave
- 1995: Arson attack on a Lebanese restaurant in the Engelsgrube
- 1996: Asylum seekers' home at Hafenstrasse, Lübeck arson attack
- 1996: Major fire in Havemann, Einsiedelstrasse (3 warehouses of 350 × 150 m)
- 1996: Major fire in an old town house at Glockengießer / Hundestrasse
- 1996: Moislinger Allee machine factory
- 1997: Arson attack on St. Vicelinkirche
- 1999: Major fire series: Carpet Hof Voco Möbelmarkt Stadtgut Falkenhusen
- 2005: Campells-Werke, formerly Erasco
- 2005: Gut Nienhüsen
- 2007: Thatched house in Dummersdorf
- 2007: Danischburg conflagration
- 2008: landfill
- 2010: At the Untertrave 9
- 2010: Scrapyard in Lübeck-Kücknitz
- 2011: Commercial halls on Einsiedelstrasse
- 2015: Scrapyard Zur Teerhofsinsel
- 2015: Scrapyard in Lübeck-Kücknitz
Responsibilities
The Lübeck fire brigade is an office in the "Environment, Security and Order Department" of the administration of the Hanseatic City of Lübeck and is therefore subordinate to the Senator chairing this department . In addition to the actual fire-fighting, preventive fire protection (monitoring of fire alarm systems , fire safety guards in the theater ), technical assistance, the municipal rescue service and disaster control are also part of their portfolio.
Civil protection
In 1985 the previous “ civil protection office ” was transferred to the fire brigade, which is also responsible for disaster control. She takes on the management (staff), technical assistance and fire protection, while the areas of medical and social care are covered by JUH, DRK, Arbeiter-Samariter-Bund and MHD. The THW participates in civil protection with a technical train and various specialist groups such as B. heavy salvage or oil damage control.
For major incidents that are considered below the disaster threshold, a staffed and technically well-equipped rapid response group is provided, the staff of which is made up of the volunteer helpers in the rescue and medical services of the aid organizations (JUH, DRK, ASB). The directorial tasks for this also lie with the fire brigade, which provides a person for the function of the organizational head of the rescue service and, together with the chief emergency doctor, forms the technical operations management of the rescue service.
Volunteer firefighter
Around the same time as the professional fire brigade was founded, the volunteer fire brigades in Lübeck began to structure. Starting with the units in Schlutup and Moisling in 1881, there were already 15 volunteer fire brigades with a total of 311 members in 1914. These fire brigades, made up of committed volunteers, led a niche existence for a long time and were only rarely alerted until the then Interior Senator in 1976 emphatically demanded more intensive cooperation between the professional fire brigade and the volunteer fire brigades. This was implemented through a new alerting concept as well as support in terms of material and training for the volunteers, so that the volunteer fire departments in Lübeck are alerted around 750 times a year today. In addition, the Lübeck fire brigade enjoys numerous, very active youth fire brigades , which both continuously train young people and take on an important role in youth work.
The volunteer fire brigades in Lübeck are alerted via digital radio receivers . In almost all fire stations of the volunteer fire brigades there are fax machines to which an alarm fax (alarm letter) is sent in the event of an alarm. The fax shows the location of the incident, the keyword, the incident number, the route and the vehicles that have been alerted.
During the day from 6:00 a.m. to 6:00 p.m., two volunteer fire brigades are generally alerted during fire operations, three volunteer fire brigades during fire operations in the city center, but only two on weekends. In addition, in peripheral areas such as Travemünde and Krummesse, the volunteer fire brigades are alerted to fire alarm systems, assistance and small fires as well as container fires.
There is also the water fire fighting train (LZW). Each of the three fire brigade stations has an SW 2000 hose trolley.
structure
First readiness
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Second readiness
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Third readiness
The FF Dänischburg switched to the "3. Fire brigade readiness ”. |
Older volunteer fire brigades, which have since been disbanded, existed in Behlendorf (founded in 1882), Reecke (1882), Pöppendorf (2011), Malkendorf (1884), Krempelsdorf (1888) and Nusse (1888).
LZ dangerous goods
45 women and men from the inner city, Dummersdorf, Israelsdorf and Siems fire brigades specialize in operations with hazardous substances, and have learned how to handle hazardous substances in numerous seminars. Expensive special equipment is available to the comrades. Pipes, collecting containers, protective suits, pumps, tools and sealing materials not only have to be fireproof, they also have to withstand aggressive substances. In Kücknitz on fire station 3, the AB hazardous goods and the AB decon are located, which are available for use by hazardous goods. The comrades active in the fire engine must be particularly fit for the heavy duty. In addition to special training totaling around 200 hours of instruction, physical fitness is essential.
There is close cooperation between the volunteer and professional fire brigade when there are alarms about dangerous goods operations. The organization shows a certain peculiarity: 45 members from four volunteer fire brigades of the city fire brigade association, while the members are still active in the local fire brigades for fire protection.
Professional fire brigade
The Lübeck city area is divided into four guard areas, each of which has a fire station . Each fire station is manned by three security departments, each on duty 56 hours a week and is therefore ready for action around the clock. Between the operations, the working time is spent on exercises, lessons, service sports and the care of vehicles and operational material. Each fire station is equipped with at least one workshop and has different sports facilities (tennis court, sports room, soccer field, etc.).
In addition to the emergency units mentioned below, at least one ambulance is manned at each fire station, which is not only kept as an escort vehicle for the fire engine , but is also used in the regular rescue service . In addition, the ambulance of the Hanseatic City of Lübeck, which is stationed at the university hospital , is manned by an officer from the professional fire brigade as a driver.
The professional fire brigade is alerted via the public address system at the fire station. A gong sounds in the event of an alarm. The key word, the road and the vehicles are called out. These are discussed WAV files (approx. 2600) which the operations control computer compiles into an announcement based on the input by the dispatcher. In addition, the lights go on in the entire station and the exhaust system in the vehicle hall is activated. The firefighting train receives an alarm letter via a dedicated line with the location, route and comments. Only the head of the watch department and the operations control service (ELD) have a DME with a display, where the operation data is also shown. The drivers of the other vehicles have an acoustic alarm.
Fire station 1
The main fire station 1 is on Bornhövedstraße, directly at the BAB 1 connection point Lübeck-Zentrum. The building complex, which was moved into in 1984, is visible from afar through the high hose tower and, in addition to the emergency services listed below, houses the integrated control center (rescue service / fire brigade), disinfection , some reserve and special vehicles, the crew of which can be withdrawn from day-to-day duty if necessary, as well as the administration of the Professional fire brigade.
| Emergency vehicles | Strength | |
| 1 service vehicle | 1/0/1/ 1 | |
| 1 command vehicle | 1/0/1/ 2 | |
| 1 rescue group vehicle 10/6 | 0/1/3/ 4 | |
| 1 turntable ladder with basket 23-12 | 0/0/2/ 2 | |
| 1 additional rescue group vehicle 10/6 | 0/0/4/ 4 | |
| 1 fire truck 4000 | 0/0/2/ 2 | |
| 1 water equipment trolley with dinghy trailer | 0/0/4/ 4 | |
3 swap bodies with
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| 1 hose trolley 2000 also driving school trolley | ||
| 1 truck loading platform | ||
| 1 rescue group vehicle 10/6 (reserve) | ||
| 1 rescue group vehicle 20/16 (reserve) 1 turntable ladder with cage 23/12 (reserve) |
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| 1 equipment car accident with trailer tent | ||
| 3 ambulances (RTW 3 only in day service Mon-Fri) | 0/1/1/ 2 | |
| 4 ambulances (as additional ambulance ) | 0/1/1/ 2 | |
| 1 baby ambulance | 0/1/1/ 2 | |
| 2 long-distance ambulances | 0/1/1/ 2 | |
| 2 ambulances (only for infection transports) | 0/1/1/ 2 | |
| 1 GW-San | Guard 1 | 2/1 / 14/ 17 |
Fire station 2 (Citywache)
Fire station 2 is located on Welsbachstrasse near the city center and serves the largest guard area in terms of residents (120,000 inhabitants = 56%) and area (100 km² = 48%), including the old town island, which is particularly demanding in terms of fire protection , as well as Blankensee Airport, port facilities, Hospitals, old people's homes and the new “university district”.
Guard 2 is also responsible for providing assistance on the new federal highway 207 (towards Pogeez) and Autobahn 20. The JUH drives with the rescue service in the guard area of guard 2 (6 RTW 08.83.01-05, 5 KTW 08.85.01-05), but from its own guard in the street "Bei der Gasanstalt".
The ASB occupies four KTW 06.85.01-04 for guard area 2
If no ambulance service is free, the HLF carries out the first attack as “first responder”.
| Emergency vehicles | Strength |
| 1 rescue group vehicle 10/6 | 0/1/3/ 4 |
| 1 turntable ladder with basket 23/12 | 0/0/2/ 2 |
| 1 additional rescue vehicle 10/6 | 0/0/4/ 4 |
| 3 ambulances (1 × fire brigade, 2 × ASB) | 0/1/1/ 2 |
| Guard 2 | 0/1/9/ 10 |
Fire station 3
The new fire station 3 is located on Travemünder Landstrasse in the "Egg" (Travemünder Landstrasse / Neue B75 - feeder Skandinavienkai K20) between Kücknitz and Travemünde. It is a fire and teaching rescue station, with the additional component environmental protection and dangerous goods. There are equipment workshops for dangerous goods, measuring devices and electrical devices. The guard district covers approx. 65 km², is characterized by the fact that it is far from the city center (and thus from the main fire station), is very long and includes large parts of the rural outskirts of the urban area, as well as the Baltic Sea resort of Travemünde . In the summer months there is a significantly higher population density due to tourism. Other special features are the approx. 850 m long Herrentunnel , the BAB 226 , several overseas ports such as CTL, Lehmannkai, Skandinavienkai , an electrified railway line with several stops and stations, as well as the Priwall peninsula, which can only be reached by ferry . In Brodten , the outermost portion of the guard three runs in the day from 6: 00-18: 00 pm, the FF Niendorf on the Baltic to the specification of the auxiliary period observed. It is manned 24/7 by fire service officers who are also paramedics, mostly even paramedics . Since the new building, a fire engine has also been stationed at the station. This consists of two HLF (Florian Lübeck 30 / 48-02 and Florian Lübeck 30 / 48-03) and a DLK 23/12 (Florian Lübeck 30 / 32-04). In addition, there are two WLFs (Florian Lübeck 30 / 63-06 and Florian Lübeck 30 / 63-07), two ambulances (one is manned by the BF, the other by the DRK), as well as an AB decon and two roll-off containers for oil weir available.
| Emergency vehicles | Strength |
| 2 rescue group vehicles | ? |
| 1 turntable ladder with basket 23/12 | 0/0/2/ 2 |
2 swap trucks with
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| 2 ambulances (1 × BF and 1 × DRK) | 0/0/2/ 2 |
| Guard 3 | ? |
Fire station 4
Fire station 4 is located in the Schlutup district “Am Fischereihafen”. The fire boat of the Lübeck fire brigade is anchored here . The first prams (and thus the first forerunners of today's fireboats) were used in Lübeck in 1888. The first real fireboat entered service in 1914. Today's fireboat "Senator Emil Peters" was built in 1972, since 1981 it has been manned by Guard 4 if necessary. The crew is provided by the HLF, which goes out of service for the fire boat. The ambulance only drives emergencies in the guard area. If necessary also in Kücknitz, Israelsdorf and in the NWM district.
| Emergency vehicles | Strength |
| 1 rescue group vehicle 10/6 | 0/1/5/ 6 |
| 1 fireboat | 0/0/0/ 0 |
| 1 ambulance as an additional RTW | 0/0/0/ 2 |
| Guard 4 | 0/1/5/ 6 |
Ambulance service
After the administration was restructured by the British occupiers shortly after the end of the Second World War , the implementation of the rescue service, as everywhere in the British occupation zone, fell to the fire brigade, which had provided it in Lübeck before the war. In 1975, Johanniter-Unfall-Hilfe (JUH) was the first aid organization in Lübeck to participate in the municipal rescue service with volunteer rescue equipment from its own station in Kücknitz. In 1984 the German Red Cross (DRK), the Arbeiter-Samariter-Bund (ASB) and the Malteser Hilfsdienst (MHD; until 1991) followed with their own vehicles, which were contractually integrated into the rescue service of the Hanseatic city. Until 1997, the aid organizations mainly carried out ambulance transports , while the emergency rescue remained mostly in the hands of the fire brigade. In Lübeck, the “first in, first out” principle is currently being used for the respective guard area. A new program is also being tested. Then the dispatcher works with the "GEO proposal". All ambulances are equipped with a navigation system and the "Carlsbox", the operations control computer uses the geographic coordinates, which are sent to the operations control computer every 500 meters or 45 seconds, to determine which vehicle is most favorable for the operation. The request for the location for individual vehicles can also be carried out manually by the dispatcher. If the vehicle is alerted, the geographic coordinates are sent to the vehicle using an FMS telegram. The "Carlsbox" converts the data and calculates the route from the location to the place of action and transfers this to the navigation system in the vehicle so that the crew can see the route. In addition, the crew is alerted via the digital alarm receiver (DME) via the 2 m channel. The crew carries display alarms with them. If necessary, the object, the place, the street, the house number, name, operational keyword, alarm time and operational number are transmitted here. If the vehicle is at the station, an alarm letter is also printed out via a dedicated line, where the same data can be read as on the DME. In addition, the journey from the guard to the place of action is described as well as the reporting route, reporting person, patient name and any vehicles that have been alerted. If the ambulance is on duty when he is at the station, he will also be called out via the public address system (given WAV files) in the event of a train alarm (fire, assistance).
After a report by Forplan, the rescue service was restructured, mainly for economic reasons. The aid organizations were more closely involved. All three aid organizations manned ambulances of the fire brigade in the fire stations (DRK: Wache 3 and own watch on Herrendamm, ASB: Wache 2, and own watch in Hoeschstraße (4 KTW), JUH: own watch in the street "Bei der Gasanstalt" ), the emergency doctor vehicle (NEF) was manned by the fire brigade and Johanniter accident assistance.
This report should not be the last of its kind, so that in the meantime the share of aid organizations in the municipal rescue service has continued to grow and they now again participate in the rescue service from their own locations, sometimes with their own vehicles. Only the NEF, an ambulance (RTW) per guard and the baby ambulance are still manned by fire service officers.
Plant fire departments and company fire departments
- Company fire brigade of the University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein - Lübeck campus
- Airport fire brigade Lübeck - Blankensee
- Villeroy & Boch AG plant fire brigade (dissolved in 2009)
See also
literature
- Peter Guttkuhn: 75 years of professional fire service in the Hanseatic City of Lübeck . In: Vaterstädtische Blätter , 24th year, Lübeck 1973, pp. 30–31.
Web links
- Website City Fire Brigade Association Lübeck
- Department fb03 (fire brigade)
- Fire station 1 (main station) (PDF; 104 kB)
- Fire station 2 (Citywache) (PDF; 1.04 MB)
- Fire station 3 (dangerous goods station) (PDF; 56 kB)
- Fire station 4 (PDF; 28 kB)
- Vehicles fire brigade Lübeck
Individual evidence
- ↑ 25 years of Lübeck professional fire brigade. , In: Vaterstädtische Blätter , year 1923, No. 21, edition of July 15, 1923
- ↑ The new fire station and the new police station in the suburb of St. Lorenz . In: Vaterstädtische Blätter , No. 3, January 26, 1902
- ↑ feuerwehr-krummesse.de
- ↑ feuerwehr-krummesse.de
- ↑ feuerwehr-krummesse.de
- ↑ feuerwehr-krummesse.de
- ↑ feuerwehr-krummesse.de
- ↑ feuerwehr-krummesse.de
- ↑ feuerwehr-krummesse.de
- ^ Voluntary fire brigade Moisling ( Memento from September 29, 2007 in the Internet Archive )
- ↑ feuerwehr-krummesse.de
- ↑ hl-live.de
- ↑ hl-live.de
- ↑ hl-live.de
Coordinates: 53 ° 52 ′ 56.1 ″ N , 10 ° 39 ′ 39.7 ″ E