Ambulance vehicle

Emergency vehicle of the professional fire brigade Frankfurt a. M.

The emergency doctor's vehicle ( NEF ) is a vehicle of the rescue service that brings the emergency doctor to the scene. It is used for the preclinical care of emergency patients who require medical assistance.

The NEF is part of the rendezvous system as the emergency doctor deliverer with the ambulance , which enables the patient to be transported . In contrast, the compact system in which an ambulance is always an emergency physician (= stands  ambulance comes) are used.

In many cases, after successful emergency medical care, it is not necessary for the emergency doctor to accompany the patient during transport to the hospital. In these cases, the patient is then handed over to the ambulance (RTW) and its crew, which are also located at the scene, and the NEF team is ready for the next assignment from the rescue control center. However, if the patient's condition makes the presence of the emergency doctor absolutely necessary on the way to the hospital, he can accompany the emergency patient in the ambulance to the destination clinic at any time.

Due to the ambulance vehicle, which in this case is only occupied by the driver, that is to say driving behind without the emergency doctor, a far more flexible deployment option is available even then. Because the responsible rescue control center has the opportunity to inform the emergency doctor when there is a new assignment. The emergency doctor then decides independently whether to break off the transport escort and take on the new assignment or whether he wants to continue accompanying the patient to the destination hospital for medical reasons.

This flexible availability is also the decisive advantage of the rendezvous system compared to the compact system. In the latter case, patient transport must always be carried out by the NAW, if necessary. This means that the emergency doctor is still bound when it is no longer necessary.

staff

Germany

The NEF is at least manned by an emergency doctor. A driver is often at his side, at best with a qualification as an emergency paramedic . The national regulations regulate this differently. In some rural areas, a resident doctor with a "Rescue Service Certificate" performs emergency medical services. In this case, the doctors are mostly self-driving. The transport of the vehicle is then mostly unclear. Either a crew member of the ambulance, the doctor himself or a medical specialist from the medical practice then often drives the vehicle.

Austria

NEF C in Graz, stationed at the University Hospital Graz

In Austria, the NEF are part of the organized rescue service and are therefore always manned by an emergency doctor and an emergency paramedic . In Lower Austria , NEF were used in addition to complete emergency medical vehicles (NAW) until 2015, with NAW usually being operated at the emergency doctor bases with a local hospital, NEF at bases without a hospital. Starting this year, all emergency medical centers will gradually be converted to NEF and the affected ambulances will be upgraded in the process; in addition, all NEF will be brought to a uniform standard.

Standardization and vehicles

DIN 75079 regulates the equipment of a NEF throughout Germany . In addition to the loading, there are also corresponding requirements for the vehicle technology (acceleration, maximum loading). Uniform standardization across Europe is not yet planned. In Austria, the Europe-wide standards EN 1789 and EN 1865, which were adopted by ÖNORM , are used.

As NEF cars are often in the combination variant used. These are agile, fast and have a low headroom. But SUVs or minibuses , which have the advantage of better visibility in heavy traffic and - thanks to the higher seating position of the driver - a greater overview, are also used. SUVs also have better off-road mobility - especially compared to station wagons, e.g. B. on forest paths. The Berlin fire brigade and the Hamburg fire brigade also use Mercedes-Benz Sprinters as NEFs, which allow a higher payload and the additional use of paramedics and emergency doctors for training purposes.

• 

  SUV

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  Station wagon

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  minibus

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  Vans

History and dissemination

NEF - Doctors Car - Akutlaege - Copenhagen Region, Denmark

The first ambulance in Germany had been in use in Heidelberg since 1964 . It served as a model for nationwide first aid.

In order to minimize delays caused by collecting the emergency doctor, the NEF was developed by the Björn Steiger Foundation and presented to the public for the first time in 1979 at the International Motor Show in Frankfurt am Main. The following year the foundation donated one of these vehicles to four aid organizations in Bonn .

In addition to Germany and Austria, such a system now also exists in many other European countries:

• Belgium - vehicle type is called Mobiele Urgentie Groep (MUG) there

• Denmark - vehicle type is called Akutlægebil there

• France - the vehicle type is called Véhicule Léger Médicalisé ( VLM ) or Véhicule Radio-Médicalisé  ( VRM ) or Véhicule d'intervention Médicalisé  ( VIM )

• Italy - vehicle type is called Automedica there

• Portugal - vehicle type is called Viatura Médica de Emergência e Reanimação (VMER) there

• Switzerland - vehicle type is called Cardiomobil in the French -speaking part and NEF in the German-speaking part

• Spain - vehicle type is called Vehículo de intervención Rápida (VIR) there

• Czech Republic

Since the German as well as the French rescue service u. a. relying on emergency doctors, one can speak of the so-called Franco-Germanic system ( stay and play ), in contrast to the Anglo-American system, in which the patient is brought to the nearest hospital as quickly as possible ( scoop and run ) and only receives medical attention there.

Special forms

• Children's NEF: manned by a pediatric emergency doctor ( see also baby ambulance )
• Toxicological emergency medical service: specializes in the treatment of poisoning emergencies. The emergency doctor has particular experience in toxicology .
• NEH (emergency doctor helicopter): In Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania, Ambulanz Millich operates the only NEH in Germany. This is equipped in terms of personnel and material like an NEF and, like this, serves as a feeder for the emergency doctor.

See also

• Life-saving appliances
• Rescue specialists

Web links

Wiktionary: Ambulance vehicle  - explanations of meanings, word origins, synonyms, translations

Commons : Ambulance Vehicles  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Emergency doctor vehicle (NEF). ( Memento of the original from May 4, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The  archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Austrian red cross.
2. ↑ samariterbund.net ( Memento of the original from July 1, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. 
3. ↑ noen.at
4. ↑ New ambulance vehicle goes into operation . Red Cross Lower Austria, March 31, 2015; Retrieved April 1, 2015
5. ↑ Opinion OGNK for discussion NAW NEF. ( Memento of the original from August 27, 2012 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. May 11, 2010; Retrieved February 2, 2011 
6. ↑ 50 years of ambulance: When every minute counts . Spiegel Online , April 20, 2014
7. ↑ Photos: [1] , [2]
8. ↑ Photo: [3]
9. ↑ Photos: [4] , [5]
10. ↑ Photos: [6] , [7]
11. ↑ Photos: [8] , [9]
12. ↑ Photos: [10] , [11]
13. ↑ Photos: [12] , [13]
14. ↑ Photos: [14] , [15]