Main fire station (Lübeck)
Is shortly after the on May 21, 1906 buildings of Johanneums of were put into use, building complex of the "new" main guard as the last of the three new facilities on the former territory of the Johannis monastery its purpose was handed over.
history
"First" main guard
In 1855 the “old” main fire station, the so-called Spritzenhaus , was built in Breiten Straße 61a. There it underwent changes over the years, albeit not externally, due to the progressive developments in fire extinguishing systems. In particular, the formation of the Lübeck professional fire brigade in 1898 prompted a considerable expansion of the building so that its premises could meet the most necessary new requirements.
The location of the syringe house on the highest elevation in the center of the city was ideally chosen at the time. However, over time, these advantages turned into significant shortcomings due to the constantly changing conditions. They became increasingly important and ultimately made a relocation of the main fire station inevitable.
One of these shortcomings was the ability to raise the alarm quickly. The three-gate exit was on the busiest and narrowest part of the street. The stables were on the Alter Schrangen . The horses had to be fetched from there first. They were then led backwards through the corresponding gate before they could be harnessed to the emergency vehicle in question.
When the fire brigade moved out of the building, it was used for other purposes. In the course of the resignation of the Schrangen it was demolished in 1928.
"New" main fire station
Location
The facility was built according to the plans of the building director Baltzer and the building inspector Diedrich Meyer under the advice of the building police inspector fire director Eugen Deditius , the special construction management was the responsibility of the architect Schowell.
Since a plot of land that would have met modern requirements would have been too expensive in the middle of the city, the state selected the somewhat secluded but already purchased plot of land at No. 91 on Fleischhauerstrasse for the new building of its fire station . A steam mill from the Henry Martens trading house (previously Rothe) stood on the property between Fleischhauerstraße , Bei St. Johannis and a new street built along the street An der Mauer .
According to the council and citizens' resolution of September 19, 1904, the Lübeck fire brigade was given the property for 177,000 marks by the finance department of the administrative authority for municipal authorities. The construction costs for the main building and the riser tower, as well as for the renovation of the mill and residential building, as well as for the ancillary facilities, were approved for 251,000 marks. 43,400 marks were made available for the furnishing, furnishing and equipping of the new premises including the newly established telegraph center .
The builder Ed. Stapelfeldt began demolishing St. Johannis , the monastery for virgins , on the street near St. Johannis on July 4, 1904 . In autumn, construction work began on the now parceled out terrain . This was interrupted for five months by strikes by construction workers and was not completed until Easter 1906.
Building complex
The building complex consisted of several buildings that were set up around a training yard.
- main building
- Steigerhaus
- Reserve hall (old mill building)
- Headquarters
The design of the fire station was chosen from the start in such a way that it would enable the introduction of automobile fire engines at any time. As early as 1904, it was pointed out in the Vaterstädtische Blätter that they would certainly be more economically advantageous with advances in technology.
The move into the new building, which ended with a speech by the fire director, building police inspector Deditius, took place on May 21, 1906. The reserve vehicles had been transferred days before.
The southern part of the 91 property was parceled out in 1909. The management section with the building director's apartment on the second floor was given the number 95, the residential building next to it number 97. In the same year, the city awarded the building director the title of building councilor .
Over time, the mechanical and technical equipment of the guard changed. The change from horse to automobile business began with the automobile injection. At the same time, the change from steam spray to gas and motorized spray equipment began. Shortly afterwards, this vehicle proved itself in the major arson- based fires of the Karstadt building or the timber warehouse of the timber wholesaler W. Brüggmann .
At the beginning of World War I, the Lübeck Senate presented its regiment with an automobile. When such gifts were forbidden by law, the vehicle was returned and incorporated into the vehicle fleet of the local fire department.
On Sunday, May 1, 1923, the 25th anniversary of the Lübeck professional fire brigade was celebrated under the leadership of the chairman of the fire extinguishing authority, Senator Fritz Mehrlein , in the main station. In his anniversary speech at the ceremony taking place in the guard's gymnasium , fire director Grunwald, who had held his predecessor's position since the death of his predecessor and who had been responsible for the further development of the facilities as a fire inspector years before, spoke about the positive development of fire protection in the city. The frequency of major fires has fallen rapidly.
In 1942, however, the Lübeck fire brigade was overwhelmed by the air raid on the city . Several bombs had disabled the city's main water supply. When the cathedral caught fire the following day and partially burned out, the fire brigade was able to save the priceless triumphal cross by Bernt Notke that was inside it with water from the adjacent mill pond .
As with the first watch, the time came when the building complex could no longer meet the demands placed on it. At the beginning of the construction work for the new sports hall of the Johanneum, the current area of which includes that of the former Steigerhaus, the reserve hall, the management building and the adjacent residential building, only parts of the main building were occupied. In 1982 these were also abandoned and integrated into the Johanneum.
It was not until 1984, when she moved to “Feuerwache 1” on Stockelsdorfer Straße at the exit of the BAB-1 connection point Lübeck-Zentrum, that the temporary arrangement ended for the fire department.
main building
Before the actual guard building the road, At St. John , by returning back the alarm Hall at 16 m and in the hall framing projections on the side (see map) at 13 ½ widened m Service. A carefree exit in the event of an alarm was made possible.
The exterior of the main building was kept in simple appropriate forms, the interior fittings were simple according to the purpose. A hot water heating system warmed the entire building.
The main hall (alarm hall), which took up most of the ground floor, had five vehicle stands. The turning accounted for, as each vehicle had an exit gate to the street and an entrance gate from the exercise yard. The hall vehicles were immediately ready for use again. Initially, there was one horse on the left and one on the right of the drawbar in a closed stand for covering the vehicle . The harnesses hung on brackets next to the drawbar. Behind the only partially visible on a picture horse stalls were located in an open locker , the overcoats and helmets of the teams and the ready-vehicle. In the event of an alarm, the firemen came sliding down poles from the crew quarters above the hall, loosened the horses, brought them to the drawbar and pulled down the harness, which could be closed by a simple device. After the alarm signal sounded , the fire fighting train was ready to go after 30-35 seconds. When they returned to the guard, the vehicles drove through the courtyard gate on Fleischhauerstrasse into the courtyard and from there into the entrance gates of the alarm hall at their places. Here the harnesses were loosened and taken down and the horses brought back to their stalls. Ergo was on alert again. The road was because each of the alarm and return to the stand took place inside the hall, not affected.
To the north of the hall were the rooms for the drivers and a fire fighter's apartment. The first floor contained the day rooms of the fire and chief fire fighters , four bedrooms, two workshops , a dressing room, a washroom , a bathroom , a kitchen and toilets . Three other rooms served as business rooms , classrooms and collection rooms . Between the 2nd upper floors, the attic of the middle section, there were chambers for uniforms , equipment and the feed floor .
To the south of the hall, on one side of the ground floor, was the telegraph switchboard to the side of the main building entrance. On the other side of the entrance hall, two rooms had been set up for the medical station. There were also two other equipment rooms there. The fire chief lived on the second floor.
Telegraph switchboard
One innovation was the telegraph switchboard located south of the alarm hall on the corner of Fleischhauerstrasse. Next to the telegraph room on the ground floor was the lounge for the telegraphists and the reporting room.
When transmitting a fire alarm by one of the fire alarms now an automatic alarm, the number of the detector was appeared on a present in the hall panel instead. With every other fire alarm, the alarm of the entire guard was triggered with a flick of the wrist. In the dark, the usual lighting by incandescent gas lights automatically switched on in the event of an alarm to the electrical alarm lighting in the form of incandescent lamps in the hall and the crew rooms , as well as the two arc lamps on the front. When the fire engine had left the station, the alarm lighting was switched back to the normal lighting.
Steigerhaus and Reserve House
The rest of the monastery and the old mill building were located from the exercise yard behind the main building. The actual mill was housed in the monastery, the last main parts of which could be preserved as the last remainder of the monastery with the new purpose. In the reserve house there were two reserve halls for 12 reserve and auxiliary vehicles, such as workshops, a reserve stable, several small ancillary rooms and a gymnasium partly built into the roof for the purposes of the fire brigade . The main equipment in the gym was climbing ropes , bars, horizontal bars and clubs to strengthen the arm muscles . There were also four smaller apartments in the house for members of the fire brigade. The riser tower was on the west gable of the mill building . On the south east gable of the main building there was a small shelter for cleaning the horses .
Headquarters
In the old residential building facing Fleischhauerstrasse, the fire director's apartment was set up on the upper floor, while the offices of the fire department and the building police department were initially on the ground floor .
Automotive syringe
It was thanks to the efforts of fire director Deditius that the first automobile sprayer built according to the latest findings was purchased in 1912.
It was a bright red vehicle that could drive at 40 kilometers per hour on the plain with nine firefighters to the scene. In addition to the crew, the syringe carried an extension ladder , two hook ladders , a stick ladder, a smoke protection device with an oxygen case from the Drägerwerk , a Samaritan box and a toolbox . The pump came from the Nagel & Kaempp factory in Hamburg, the assembly partly from the Busch wagon factory and partly from its own workshops.
The 45 PS strong vehicle engine served by switching also the Hochdruckzentrifugalpumpe with a pressure of 12 atmospheres . She was able to throw up to 2000 liters per minute up to 100 meters high. By hose division could 6-9 tubes operate simultaneously. The water could be drawn in at the same time with two hoses from the hydrants , through a suction pipe with a cleaning valve and independent closure or from the open water up to a height of 10 meters.
The automobile injection in itself was sufficient for a city with 25,000 inhabitants at the time.
literature
- Construction of a main fire station. (with ground plan.) , In: Vaterstädtische Blätter , year 1904, No. 22, edition of May 29, 1904
- The new main fire station. In: Vaterstädtische Blätter , year 1906, No. 22, edition of May 27, 1906
- The main fire station. In: Vaterstädtische Blätter , year 1906, No. 23, edition of June 3, 1906
- The new automobile sprayer of the Lübeck fire brigade. In: Father-city sheets. Year 1912/13, edition dated December 1, 1912.
- 25 years of Lübeck's professional fire service. In: Vaterstädtische Blätter , year 1923, No. 21, edition of July 15, 1923
- 75 years of professional fire service in the Hanseatic city of Lübeck by Peter Guttkuhn, In: Vaterstädtische Blätter , 24th year, Lübeck 1973, pp. 30–31.
- From the old main fire station in Lübeck to the modern new building of the professional fire department , In: Lübeckische Blätter , year 1984, edition of December 15, 1984, pp. 356–358
Web links
Remarks
- ↑ Zentralblatt der Bauverwaltung ( Memento of the original from November 20, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ History of building and architecture, urban development in Lübeck
- ↑ Fire station 1 (main fire station)
- ↑ A few years earlier, lightning had set the St. Jakobis tower on fire and the tallest building in Lübeck at the time was the Marienkirche . On their towers, which were about 50 meters high, there was a roof about the same height.
Coordinates: 53 ° 52 ′ 52 ″ N , 10 ° 41 ′ 10 ″ E