Portable pump vehicle
The portable fire pump ( TSF for short ) is a type of fire service vehicle used by the German fire brigades , which is standardized in two designs. These vehicles got their name from their removable centrifugal fire pumps ( portable pumps ) for fire fighting. It has a similar fire brigade load as the former fire fighting vehicle 8 , but in contrast to this is manned by only one squadron . Especially with many smaller volunteer fire brigades , the portable fire pump is still very widespread and is also being procured anew, sometimes it is replaced by fire fighting vehicles , a medium fire truck or the small fire truck .
Areas of responsibility
A portable pump vehicle is a vehicle for fire fighting and simple technical assistance. It has a crew of 1/5 (squadron - 1 squadron leader, 2 squads and 1 machinist). The fire-fighting equipment is designed for one group (a total of 9 workers).
Standardized vehicles
Portable pump vehicle
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TSF |
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| Vehicle data
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| Abbreviation: | TSF |
| Country: | Germany |
| Crew : | 0/1/5/ 6 |
| Portable pump : | PFPN 10-1000 |
| Extinguishing powder : | 6 kilograms |
| Rescue kit : | unavailable |
| Perm. Total mass : | 4750 kilograms |
| Drive: | primarily street |
The actual portable pump vehicle (short: TSF ) is standardized in DIN 14530-16. It does not have its own fire water tank. This means that the team at the scene of the incident must always first establish an extinguishing water supply. The vehicle is manned by six emergency services, i.e. one squadron. A portable fire pump with a delivery rate of 800 liters per minute at an output pressure of 8 bar is used as a fire extinguishing centrifugal pump; newer vehicles have a delivery rate of 1000 liters per minute at an output pressure of 10 bar. A TSF carries at least eight B pressure hoses of 20 meters each and basically nine C pressure hoses according to C 42-15-KL 1-K. However, it carries fire-fighting equipment for a group. This also includes breathing apparatus and a four-part extension ladder (previously only a two-part extension ladder was mandatory). Since 2018 it has had a permissible total mass of 4.75 tons (previously 4 tons). Often the TSF is still built on chassis with a total weight of 3.5 tons so that it can also be driven by drivers with a B driving license . Due to the large empty weight of modern chassis, however, there is no weight reserve for additional loading in this case.
Portable pump vehicle with water
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TSF-W |
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| Vehicle data
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| Abbreviation: | TSF-W |
| Country: | Germany |
| Crew : | 0/1/5/ 6 |
| Portable pump : | PFPN 10-1000 |
| Extinguishing water : | 500 to 750 liters |
| Extinguishing powder : | 6 kilograms |
| Rescue kit : | unavailable |
| Perm. Total mass : | 7500 kilograms |
| Drive: | primarily street |
The portable pump vehicle with water (short: TSF-W ) is a further development of the TSF and standardized in DIN 14530-17. In addition to its predecessor, it now also has its own extinguishing water tank with a capacity of at least 500 liters, which is connected to the portable pump via a hose. The vehicle also has a rapid attack device or a so-called "device for rapid water delivery", i. H. a coupled C-hose laid in bays and ten B-pressure hoses of 20 meters each. This vehicle is usually designed in a box construction with five equipment compartments and has a permissible total weight of 7.5 tons. The TSF-W has a fire brigade standard load for an extinguishing group and an additional load, the composition of which can be agreed according to the mass reserve; this can contain, for example, the additional modules "chainsaw", "electricity", "lighting" or "foam". According to the DIN standard, a TSF-W does not have a rescue kit. Deviating from this, a rescue kit can be loaded on a TSF-W as part of an additional load according to local requirements. Furthermore, a medium-sized fire engine is standardized, which is intended to close the gap between the TSF-W and the fire fighting vehicle 10 .
Country-specific variants
Portable pump vehicle with equipment
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TSF-GW |
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| Vehicle data
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| Abbreviation: | TSF-GW |
| Country: | Schleswig-Holstein |
| Crew : | 0/1/5/ 6 |
| Portable pump : | TS 8/8 |
| Extinguishing powder : | 2 × 6 kilograms |
| Rescue kit : | unavailable |
| Perm. Total mass : | 7490 kilograms |
| Drive: | Street |
The portable pump vehicle with equipment ( TSF-GW for short ) is not a DIN-standardized emergency vehicle, but was procured in 1968 according to a building guideline of the state of Schleswig-Holstein . It was another fire engine with a fire brigade load for a group, a portable pump, which, unlike the TSF, was equipped with an additional load for technical assistance and equipment according to local conditions. The vehicle was manned by a squadron (i.e. 6 men) and formed an independent tactical unit. It was primarily used to fight fires and to provide technical assistance on a smaller scale. Due to the type reduction, the need for such a building guideline was no longer given and it was withdrawn shortly before the turn of the millennium.
Portable pump vehicle logistics
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TSF-L |
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| Vehicle data
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| Abbreviation: | TSF-L |
| Country: | Bavaria |
| Crew : | 0/1/5/ 6 |
| Portable pump : | PFPN 10-1000 |
| Extinguishing powder : | 6 kilograms |
| Rescue kit : | unavailable |
| Perm. Total mass : | 8000 kilograms |
| Drive: | primarily street |
The portable pump vehicle logistics ( TSF-L for short ) is also not DIN standardized as a type. However, there has been a technical building guideline from the Ministry of the Interior for the state of Bavaria since 2015 . It defines a fire engine that is based on a portable pump vehicle according to DIN (see above), but also has a variable logistics component (loading area for at least 2 euro pallets, roll containers or the like, etc.). This vehicle also has a squadron crew. In fact, the construction guideline opens up the possibility of an intermediate step or middle ground between TSF and GW-L1 .
Alternatives
There are various, mostly cheaper alternatives to the portable pump vehicle, the most common of which are presented here. However, this is not a portable pump vehicle in the actual sense:
Portable pump trailer
The portable pump trailer ( TSA for short ) is a single-axis, closed fire service trailer standardized in DIN 14 520 . Its loading is based on that of a TSF, which means that it can also be used primarily for fire fighting and water pumping. Unlike the TSF or TSF-W, however, it is not equipped with breathing apparatus and can therefore not be used in internal attacks or for rescuing people in smoke-filled buildings. It has a permissible total mass of one ton. Today the TSA is becoming increasingly rare, as there is often a lack of suitable towing vehicles and it is not equipped for use with internal attacks. But it is still very popular with youth fire brigades.
Equipment trolley portable pump
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GW-TS |
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| Vehicle data
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| Abbreviation: | GW-TS |
| Country: | Rhineland-Palatinate |
| Crew : | 0/1/2/ 3 |
| Portable pump : | PFPN 10-1000 |
| Extinguishing powder : | 2 × 6 kilograms |
| Rescue kit : | unavailable |
| Perm. Total mass : | 3500 kilograms |
| Drive: | Street |
The portable pump equipment trolley ( GW-TS for short ) is a fire engine specified in the Technical Guideline No. 12 of the State of Rhineland-Palatinate , which was developed in the districts of Trier-Saarburg and Bitburg-Prüm , where over 50% of the fire brigades are still are only equipped with a TSA. Since agriculture is increasingly declining there, too, and fewer and fewer tractors are available as towing vehicles for the TSA, the readiness of the fire departments there was no longer guaranteed. The GW-TS corresponds in its load to a TSA, which is supplemented by a special signal system , a radio device and a four-part ladder. Like the TSA, the GW-TS does not have any breathing apparatus. The GW-TS has the advantages of a small size, which makes it unnecessary to convert existing fire stations. At the same time, it reaches significantly higher speeds than tractors, is ready for use more quickly and is connected to the BOS radio via the radio device. The main disadvantages of the GW-TS are the lack of breathing apparatus, the low tactical value compared to the TSF and the crew of two people, who do not allow independent operation during operations. The vehicle essentially corresponds to the previously standardized portable pump vehicle with troop crew (TSF-Tr).
history
Portable pump trailers were developed as early as the 1930s. At that time, however, these served as an additional means of transporting equipment and were always used together with emergency vehicles. The TSA then experienced its breakthrough in the 1950s, when rural communities in particular, which were previously only equipped with manual pressure syringes , discovered a cost-effective way of modernization in it. Since the mechanization of agriculture began at this time, enough tractors were available as towing vehicles for the TSA in rural communities.
In the mid-1950s, the TSA developed the four-man portable pump vehicle with troop crew ( TSF-Tr ) in West Germany , where the "Tr" stood for troop . It was not manned by a firefighter squad, but in the hold of the car there was an additional seat for another firefighter. This was necessary to remove the portable pump. The vehicle, which is essentially the same as the TSA in terms of its load, according to DIN 14800 building guidelines, booklet 10, with a permissible total weight of 2000 kg, was able to carry additional items of equipment such as a 2-part extension ladder. Usually the TSF-T was built on the VW T1 transporter . From the mid-1960s, TSFs were built with a larger crew room, so that six crew members (one squadron in the fire department sense) could be transported. A Ford Transit FK 1000 was often used as the chassis for this. This basically already gave the classic TSF, which was only fundamentally further developed in the 1990s. In order to increase the effectiveness of small fire brigades, which had to establish a water supply in a labor-intensive and time-consuming manner, especially for smaller operations in rural areas, TSFs with a tank with at least 500 liters were created. These TSF-W were the starting point for further in-house developments and special constructions, so that TSF-W are also being delivered, which in their load almost correspond to an LF 10 .
In addition to the TSF, the TSA continues to exist in many strongly rural regions with little use. Newer models can now also be towed with private cars, which means that towing vehicles are available more quickly and people can also be transported at the same time. Some fire departments also use a personnel carrier vehicle for towing. As a rule, however, new purchases are only procured for the youth fire brigade as a training vehicle. In Rhineland-Palatinate , the TSA has recently developed in its own way. Many fire brigades in more rural regions are still only equipped with the TSA. The GW-TS was developed to motorize these. With the TSF-L, the Free State of Bavaria is taking a different direction and is increasingly enabling the transport of specific devices for a specific application (area).
Philatelic
With the Inception August 6, 2020 which gave German Post AG in the series for the youth - Historical fire engines a postage stamp in the denomination of 80 + 60 Euro cents with an image of the TSF VW out. The design comes from the graphic artist Thomas Meyer from Berlin.
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b State Fire Brigade School Regensburg (2014): Minimum equipment portable pump vehicle - Edition 04/2008
- ↑ a b c State Fire Brigade School Regensburg (2015): Minimum equipment portable pump vehicle water TSF-W according to DIN 14530 part 17, edition 04/2008 (PDF; 48 kB)
- ↑ a b c Technical building guidelines of the Bavarian Ministry of the Interior for a TSF-L
- ↑ State Fire Brigade School Regensburg: Loading list for portable pump trailer TSA according to TSA requirements 12.2005 (PDF; 8 kB)
- ↑ Technical Guideline No. 12: Equipment trolley, portable pump GW-TS (RP); Status: September 15, 2005, Ministry of the Interior and Sport (PDF; 69 kB)
literature
- Hans Kemper: Vehicle customer, part 2 . hjr-Verlag, 3rd edition 2010. ISBN 978-3-609-62014-5
- Diverse: Hamilton - Handbook for the fire brigade . Boorberg Verlag, 21st edition 2012. ISBN 978-3-415-04560-6
- Diverse: The fire brigade textbook . Verlag W. Kohlhammer, 2nd edition 2012. ISBN 978-3-17-022518-3
- Josef Schütz: The Red books, Issue 8 - Fire trucks Part I . 11th edition. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart 1996, ISBN 978-3-17-013954-1 , pp. 27-28 .
