Königsklinger Aue

Königsklinger Aue (Eltviller Aue)
Manor house, built under Count Adalbert Franken von Sierstorpff
Waters	Rhine ( Upper Rhine )
Geographical location	50 ° 1 '17 "  N , 8 ° 7' 41"  E Coordinates: 50 ° 1 '17 "  N , 8 ° 7' 41"  E
length	2.15 km
width	515 m
surface	80 ha
Highest elevation	82.5  m above sea level NN
Residents	2 2.5 inhabitants / km²
Aerial view of the island from the southwest, in the foreground the Heidenfahrt service area on the A 60

The Königsklinger Aue or Eltviller Aue is a natural inland island in the Inselrhein between Mainz and Bingen am Rhein . With an area of ​​around 80 hectares , it is the largest Rhine island in this section, even before the Mariannenaue , which is only a good 700 meters south-west (downstream). 2.8 km upstream, the Rettbergsaue is the closest to the Rheinaue . The Königsklinger Aue is about twice as big as the Mainau island in Lake Constance . The island belongs to the town of Ingelheim am Rhein in Rhineland-Palatinate . Only the northeastern, upstream tip of the island still belongs to the municipality of Budenheim . It accompanies the Eltville banks of the Rhine from the first villa properties to the swimming pool over a length of 2.15 kilometers (river kilometers 510.0 to 512.1, not counting the longitudinal works). It lies between the main fairway in the north and the left bank in the south. At its widest point, the island is 500 meters wide. Longitudinal works largely seal off the arm of the Rhine between the floodplain and the left bank, so that it has turned into a still water zone with only a small current, which is completely interrupted at extremely low water levels.

history

In the place of the Königsklinger Aue there were three smaller islands in 1575, which later connected and enlarged through landings and straightening the Rhine . In the west was the Ringelaue or Kingelaue , depending on the reading, further upstream the Landschreiberaue and in the east the New Sand . For the Kingelaue there were also the spellings Kungelaue , Konigelauwe (Karnickelaue) and at the end of the 18th century Königlingesaue , which sounds very similar to the current name. The name could be explained by the fact that this was the floodplain on which Emperor Ludwig the Pious died in 840 “across from Ingelheim”. However, there is also reason to believe that this event took place on the Mariannenaue . In any case, the island was owned by the Eberbach Monastery until the French Revolution , and according to its name, the Landschreiberaue must have belonged to the Electoral Mainz Rheingau . The name Eltviller Aue is justified by centuries of relationships with the Rheingau.

In the Peace of Lunéville in 1801, the fairway for downstream ships was set as the border of France. The floodplain thus belonged to the left bank of the Rhine and to the municipal area of Heidesheim am Rhein , which was incorporated into Ingelheim am Rhein in 2019. This demarcation between Eltville and the Eltviller Aue has endured through all the vicissitudes of German history since then. Both after the Congress of Vienna and after the establishment of the German Empire and also after the Second World War, a state border was drawn in the main fairway.

As a result of the secularization, the Eltville merchant Johann Maria Kertell acquired the floodplain, which was then called Kertellaue . After his death it was owned by the Langwerth von Simmern family from 1831 to 1851 . The next owner was Salomon Marix , a silk merchant from Lyon, who had settled in Eltville in the same year. In 1853 he had a first mansion, the so-called Krimschlösschen, built on the island. After their wedding, Marix's daughter Olga lived on the island inherited from her father, which was then popularly called "Olga Island". In 1888 Baron Carl Ferdinand von Stumm-Halberg acquired the island, which after his death in 1901 passed to his daughter Berta von Lucius (1876–1949). She had the old manor house torn down and the current villa built in 1904–1909 according to plans by the architect Wilhelm Kreis . In 1912 Berta von Lucius married the Rittmeister Count Adalbert von Francken-Sierstorpff (1856–1922). When he died on May 27, 1922, his wife had him buried in a mausoleum in the east of the island. The island remained in the ownership of this family until 1955 and has since passed into other hands several times. Today the island is owned by the Mayer family, who also own the Karl Mayer textile machine factory in Obertshausen .

nature

Since 1992 the island has been part of the Haderaue-Königsklinger Aue nature reserve , which covers an area of ​​165 hectares. The protection purpose is the preservation and development of the remaining relics of a formerly extensive floodplain landscape including the offshore island "Königsklinger Aue" with the water and water change areas, riparian zones, sandbanks, floodplain meadows and remnants of alluvial forests as locations of rare wild plant species and plant communities, as habitats and partial habitats rare wild animals and for scientific reasons.

literature

• Werner Kratz: Eltville. Architectural monuments and history. Volume 1. 2nd edition, Seb. Wolf oHG, Eltville am Rhein 1978, pages 130-136.

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Federal Statistical Office: Yearbook 2008, page 25: Selected islands ( Memento from January 17, 2009 in the Internet Archive ) (page 8 of the PDF file 441 kB), accessed on January 17, 2009 at the Internet Archive
2. ↑ Topographic map 1: 25,000
3. ↑ ^{a b} Helga Simon, Eltville, article 2008
4. ^ [1] Johann Maria Kertell (1771–1839) on: regionalgeschichte.net, accessed on August 11, 2017
5. ^ Count Harry Kessler: The diary 1880-1937 . Cotta, 2004, ISBN 978-3-7681-9814-1 ( page 1115 ).
6. ↑ Informational directory of the cultural monuments in the Mainz-Bingen district (PDF; 1.9 MB) General Directorate for Cultural Heritage Rhineland-Palatinate (publisher), Mainz 2014.
7. ↑ Helga Simon: The Eltviller or Königsklinger Aue in: Rheingau-Forum 2/2005
8. ↑ Tour through a company with a history and a future. ( Memento of the original from May 2, 2012 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. 70th company anniversary and opening ceremony of the new customer and development center at KARL MAYER, September 11, 2007 

See also

• List of the Rhine islands

Web links

Commons : Königsklinger Aue  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

• Ordinance on the “Haderaue-Königsklinger Aue” nature reserve PDF file 19 kB