District of Hersfeld
| coat of arms | Germany map | |
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Coordinates: 50 ° 52 ' N , 9 ° 42' E |
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| Basic data (as of 1972) | ||
| Existing period: | 1821-1972 | |
| State : | Hesse | |
| Administrative region : | kassel | |
| Administrative headquarters : | Bad Hersfeld | |
| Area : | 561.06 km 2 | |
| Residents: | 76,500 (Dec. 31, 1971) | |
| Population density : | 136 inhabitants per km 2 | |
| License plate : | HEF | |
| Circle key : | 06 2 35 | |
| Circle structure: | 35 municipalities | |
The district of Hersfeld with its seat in Bad Hersfeld was a district that existed in the Electorate of Hesse , Prussia and Hesse from 1821 to 1972 with an interruption from 1848 to 1850. Most of its former territory is now part of the Hersfeld-Rotenburg district .
geography
Beginning in 1972, the district bordered clockwise in the northeast to the Eisenach and Bad Salzungen districts in the Erfurt and Suhl districts of the GDR as well as to the Hessian districts of Hünfeld , Lauterbach , Ziegenhain , Homberg and Rotenburg .
history
Kurhessen
The district of Hersfeld was formed as part of the Hessian administrative reform of 1821 based on the Prussian model. It was formed from the previous Principality of Hersfeld and expanded to include the offices of Friedewald and Landeck . The district belonged to the Hessian province of Fulda. Organizationally, the district was purely an administrative authority, consisting of the district councilor appointed by the elector (from 1934 district administrator) and a few officials.
On January 1, 1837, the communities of Meckbach and Mecklar moved from the Rotenburg district to the Hersfeld district.
1848
As part of the March Revolution , the district was dissolved and merged with the Rotenburg and Melsungen districts to form a joint district with the district capital Hersfeld . After the end of the revolution, however, the previous circles were set up again in 1850.
Prussia
With the annexation by Prussia in 1866, the district became a Prussian district. While the previous district administrators retained their offices, the Prussian district constitution was introduced. In 1867 a "district assembly" was formed from towns, rural communities and large landowners. On April 1, 1881, the communities of Oberstoppel and Unterstoppel and the Oberförsterei Burghaun manor district changed from the Hersfeld district to the Hünfeld district. In 1885 the district assembly was established by the "district order for the old Prussian provinces". converted into district council and district committee.
Weimar Republic
With the Imperial Constitution of 1919 (Weimar Constitution) the free and equal election of the district assemblies was introduced. The election winner in the 1920s was always the SPD , which received around 50% of the vote in all elections. The district administrator was not elected by the district council, but appointed by the state government. Since there was also a social democratic majority in Prussia, the district administrators were close to the SPD.
National Socialism
In 1932 the NSDAP replaced the SPD as the strongest force in the district council and achieved over 50% of the votes. The Nazi party district leader Bienert was district administrator and set the DC circuit of the district authorities safely.
Federal Republic of Germany
Before the first municipal mergers in 1962, the district of Hersfeld comprised 82 municipalities, one of which, Bad Hersfeld, had town charter. From 1968 the district of Hersfeld was enlarged several times:
- On September 1, 1968, the municipality of Glaam in the district of Hünfeld was incorporated into the municipality of Ransbach .
- On February 1, 1971, the municipality of Mansbach in the district of Hünfeld was merged with the municipality of Ransbach to form the new municipality of Hohenroda in the district of Hersfeld.
- On December 31, 1971, the communities of Mühlbach , Raboldshausen , Saasen and Salzberg in the Fritzlar-Homberg district were merged with the communities of Aua , Gittersdorf and Untergeis to form the new community of Neuenstein in the Hersfeld district.
As a result of a series of further community mergers, which also resulted in the new communities Hauneck and Ludwigsau , the number of communities in the district decreased to 35 by July 1972.
As part of the Hessian district reform , the Hersfeld district was dissolved on August 1, 1972 and fully incorporated into the new Hersfeld-Rotenburg district. Simultaneously with the dissolution of the district, numerous other incorporations took place on August 1, 1972. With Bad Hersfeld, Friedewald , Hauneck, Heringen (Werra) , Hohenroda, Kirchheim , Ludwigsau, Neuenstein, Niederaula , Philippsthal (Werra) and Schenklengsfeld, a total of eleven communities from the old district of Hersfeld joined the new district of Hersfeld-Rotenburg.
Population development
| year | Residents | source |
|---|---|---|
| 1871 | 33,084 | |
| 1890 | 31,300 | |
| 1900 | 32,555 | |
| 1910 | 37.287 | |
| 1925 | 42,081 | |
| 1939 | 48.504 | |
| 1950 | 71.505 | |
| 1960 | 70,700 | |
| 1970 | 73,300 | |
| 1971 | 76,500 |
District administrators
The district of Hersfeld had the following district administrators:
- Wilhelm Uloth (1851 to 1853)
- Florus Auffarth (1853 to 1876)
- Eduard von Broich (1877 to 1884)
- Werner von Schleinitz (1884 to 1905)
- Alexander von Grunelius (1905 to 1921)
- Ernst von Harnack (1921 to 1925)
- Erich Kirschbaum (1925 to 1929)
- Emil Graf von Wedel (1929 to 1933)
- Richard Bienert (NSDAP) (1933 to 1945)
- Heinrich Sauerwein (1946-1948)
- Erich Vollert (1948-1952)
- Frank Hoernigk (1952-1957)
- Edwin Zerbe (1957-1970)
Communities
The following table contains all municipalities that belonged to the district of Hersfeld during its existence as well as the data of all incorporations:
License Plate
On July 1, 1956, the district was assigned the HEF distinguishing mark when the vehicle registration number that is still valid today was introduced . It is continuously issued in the Hersfeld-Rotenburg district to this day.
See also
Web links
- Law on the reorganization of the districts of Hersfeld and Rothenburg (GVBl. II No. 330-13) of July 11, 1972 . In: The Hessian Minister of the Interior (ed.): Law and Ordinance Gazette for the State of Hesse . 1972 No. 17 , p. 217 , § 17 ( online at the information system of the Hessian state parliament [PDF; 1,2 MB ]).
- Counties
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b Ulrich Reuling : Administrative division 1821-1955. (PDF) In: Historical Atlas of Hesse. Landesgeschichtliches Informationssystem Hessen (LAGIS), p. 176 , accessed on March 19, 2016 .
- ↑ a b District of Hersfeld-Rotenburg. Historical local dictionary. In: Landesgeschichtliches Informationssystem Hessen (LAGIS).
- ^ Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality directory for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart / Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 398 .
- ^ The municipalities and manor districts of the Hesse-Nassau province and their population in 1871
- ↑ a b c d e f g Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. hersfeld.html. (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006).
- ↑ Statistical Yearbook for the Federal Republic of Germany 1972
- ↑ Statistical Yearbook for the Federal Republic of Germany 1973
- ↑ Rolf Jehnke: Hersfeld . In: Territorial changes in Germany and German administered areas 1874–1945 . Herdecke 2010 ( HTML [accessed March 14, 2012]).
1972 dissolved: District Alsfeld | District of Büdingen | District of Erbach | District Friedberg | District of Hersfeld | District of Hofgeismar | District of Hünfeld | Lauterbach district | Obertaunuskreis | Rotenburg district | Usingen district | Wolfhagen district . 1973 dissolved: District of Eschwege | District of Frankenberg | District of Fritzlar-Homberg | District of Melsungen | District of Waldeck | District of Witzenhausen | Ziegenhain district . 1974 dissolved: District Biedenkopf | District of Gelnhausen | District of Hanau | Limburg County | District of Marburg | Oberlahnkreis | District of Schlüchtern . 1976 dissolved: Darmstadt district | District of Dieburg | Dill circle | Rheingau district | Untertaunuskreis | Wetzlar district .
Eschwege | Frankenberg | Fritzlar-Homberg | Fulda | Gelnhausen | Hanau | Hersfeld | Hofgeismar | Hünfeld | Kassel | Marburg | Melsungen | Rotenburg | Schluechtern | Waldeck | Witzenhausen | Wolfhagen | Goat grove
Disbanded in 1932 : Fritzlar | Gersfeld | Homberg | Kirchhain | Released in 1932 : Grafschaft Schaumburg
Disbanded in 1942 : District of the Eder | District of Eisenberg | District of Twiste | Released in 1944 : Reign of Schmalkalden