Ernst von Harnack

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Wolf Oscar Ernst Harnack , from 1914 von Harnack (born July 15, 1888 in Marburg / Lahn , † March 5, 1945 in Berlin-Plötzensee ) was the Prussian district president , German politician and resistance fighter against National Socialism .

family

Harnack was the son of the theologian Adolf von Harnack (1851-1930) and Amalie Thiersch (1858-1937), the granddaughter of the chemist Justus von Liebig from the baronial house of the Hessian Liebigs .

He married on March 29, 1916 in Hindenburg ( Upper Silesia ) Anna (Änne) Wiggert (born October 5, 1894 in Göttelborn , district of Ottweiler , Saarland ; † August 22, 1960 in Berlin-Zehlendorf ), the daughter of the Royal Prussian Secret Oberbergrats Ernst Wiggert and Elisabeth Schmidt . With her he had two sons and three daughters, including the pediatrician Gustav-Adolf von Harnack (1917-2010) and Lieutenant Helmut von Harnack (* 1918; 10./Pz.Rgt. 21; awarded the Knight's Cross on January 17, 1942) , fallen on January 21, 1942).

His older sister was the women's rights activist and writer Agnes von Zahn-Harnack (1884–1950), his younger brother the librarian and author Axel von Harnack (1895–1974).

His cousins Arvid ( Rote Kapelle ) and Falk Harnack ( White Rose ) as well as Klaus Bonhoeffer , the husband of his cousin Emmi Bonhoeffer nee. Delbrück, were also in the resistance.

Life

Honorary grave of Ernst von Harnack in the Zehlendorf cemetery (he is not buried here)

After one year of private tuition, Harnack attended the Joachimsthalsche Gymnasium in Berlin , where he passed his Abitur at Easter 1907. He then studied for three semesters Law at the University of Marburg , where he became a member of the Marburg fraternity Germania, and four semesters in Berlin . On May 6, 1911, he passed his first legal exam and then began training at the Berlin-Lichterfelde district court . From 1 October 1911 to 30 September 1912 he performed as a one-year volunteer military service in Hussar - Regiment No. 12 in. Torgau . From August 2, 1914 to May 15, 1915 he took part in World War I and then worked for the civil commissioner in Russian Poland .

He began his civil service career on March 8, 1913, when he was employed as a government trainee by the government in Opole . On June 29, 1918, he was appointed government assessor in the Ministry of Science, Art and Education , and on January 24, 1921, he was promoted to government councilor.

From August 15, 1921 to November 9, 1923 and from June 1, 1924 to May 31, 1925 he worked as a district administrator in the Hersfeld district , in the meantime he was acting district administrator for the Randow district in the Pomerania province . On June 1, 1925, he was appointed government vice-president in Hanover . Harnack took on the same function on April 1, 1927 in Cologne .

On August 8, 1929, he took up the post of District President of Merseburg in the Province of Saxony . He held this office until July 21, 1932. His dismissal took place after the " Preussenschlag " von Papens on July 20, 1932 against the social democratic government under Otto Braun . He then moved to Berlin.

On November 27, 1921, he was elected to the board of the newly founded "Association of Religious Socialists" .

Memorial plaque on the house at Am Fischtal 8, Berlin-Zehlendorf

Harnack was imprisoned for several weeks in 1933 after trying to find the murderers of the former Prime Minister and SPD member of the Reichstag, Johannes Stelling, who was murdered during the “ Köpenick Blood Week ” . At the time of National Socialism he was the grave commissioner . In cooperation with Willi Wohlberedt , he set up a grave file for Berlin and from 1938 supervised the large-scale reburial orders that had been ordered for Albert Speer's world capital Germania .

Because of his participation in the uprising of July 20, 1944 , he was sentenced to death by the People's Court on February 1, 1945 . The sentence was carried out by hanging on March 5 in Plötzensee . His body was buried in an unknown location.

In the 1960s, his heirs received reparation in the amount of 56,000  DM from the Superior Court in Berlin. A family grave in the Zehlendorf cemetery also bears his name. This memorial for Ernst von Harnack (field 11-HW-22/23) has been dedicated as a Berlin grave of honor since 1952 . The dedication was extended in 2018 by the usual period of twenty years.

Own works

  • The practice of public administration . Berlin, Springer, 1936 (The first edition was banned shortly after publication. It was not published regularly until the 1950s.)
  • Existence and preservation of the important graves and cemeteries in Greater Berlin. Memorandum on behalf of the General Building Inspector for the Reich capital . Part 1–3, Berlin 1941–1943. (Summary of the material by Willi Wohlberedt ), three copies

literature

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ see Hessisches Staatsarchiv Marburg (HStAMR), Best. 915 No. 5569, p. 389 ( digitized version ).
  2. ^ Dietrich Schmiedel In: Right state - left the Elbe . Marva, Geneva 1977, p. 162
  3. ^ Hans-Jürgen Mende : Lexicon of Berlin burial places . Pharus-Plan, Berlin 2018, ISBN 978-3-86514-206-1 , p. 674.
  4. ↑ Honorary graves of the State of Berlin (as of November 2018) . (PDF, 413 kB) Senate Department for the Environment, Transport and Climate Protection, p. 31; accessed on March 17, 2019. Recognition and further preservation of graves as honorary graves of the State of Berlin . (PDF, 369 kB). Berlin House of Representatives, printed matter 18/14895 of November 21, 2018, p. 1 and Annex 2, p. 5; accessed on March 17, 2019.
  5. ^ Berlin State Archives
personal data
SURNAME Harnack, Ernst von
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Harnack, Ernst
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German politician and resistance fighters
DATE OF BIRTH July 15, 1888
PLACE OF BIRTH Marburg / Lahn
DATE OF DEATH March 5, 1945
Place of death Berlin-Plötzensee