Randow district
The district Randow , until 1938 district Randow , was a Prussian district in the province of Pomerania until 1939 . Its name was borrowed from the Randow River , which formed a natural circular boundary in the west. The district comprised the surrounding area of the Pomeranian capital Stettin between the Randow and the Oder and smaller areas east of the Oder. Its district town was the city of Szczecin, which was no longer part of the district from 1818 to 1826 and since 1857. After the Second World War , the eastern part of the former district became part of Poland . From the part of the former district area that remained in Germany, a district Randow in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania was formed again in 1945 , which was finally dissolved in 1950.
Administrative history
Prussia
Western Pomerania , which fell to Prussia in 1720 , was divided into the five districts of Anklam , Demmin , Randow, Usedom and Wollin in the 18th century . The Randow district then included the seven towns of Altdamm , Gartz an der Oder , Gollnow , Pasewalk , Penkun , Pölitz and Stettin , the three royal offices of Jasenitz, Pinnow and Stettin, as well as numerous noble villages and estates .
During the district reform of 1818 in the administrative district of Stettin , the delimitation of the Randow district was changed:
- The city of Pasewalk with the surrounding villages and the northern part of the Jasenitz office became part of the new Ueckermünde district .
- The city of Gollnow and the surrounding villages became part of the Naugard district .
- The cities of Altdamm and Szczecin as well as several villages in their vicinity formed the new urban district of Szczecin .
- The area around Löcknitz , east of the Randow , which had belonged to the province of Brandenburg , joined the district of Randow .
The district office of the Randow district was located in the city of Stettin. On September 26, 1826, the urban district of Stettin , formed in 1818, was dissolved and reintegrated into the Randow district.
The municipality of Grabow received town charter in 1853. On March 16, 1857, Stettin left the Randow district and has since formed its own urban district. Since July 1, 1867, the district belonged as part of Prussia to the North German Confederation and from January 1, 1871 to the German Empire . In 1871 the district comprised the five towns of Altdamm, Gartz an der Oder, Grabow, Penkun and Pölitz, 109 rural communities and 69 manor districts .
On April 1, 1900, the town of Grabow and the rural communities of Bredow and Nemitz left the Randow district and were incorporated into the urban district of Stettin. In 1911, the estate districts of Eckerberg, Schwarzow and Zabelsdorf followed.
On September 30, 1929, a territorial reform took place in the Randow district as in the rest of the Free State of Prussia , in which almost all independent manor districts were dissolved and assigned to neighboring rural communities. On January 1, 1939, the received county Randow the term in accordance with the rich now unified control district . It now included the four cities of Altdamm, Gartz an der Oder, Penkun and Pölitz, 109 other municipalities and four community-free manor districts.
On October 15, 1939, a regional reform took place in the Stettin area, within the framework of which the Randow district was dissolved and divided as follows:
- The cities of Altdamm and Pölitz , the communities of Alt Leese , Brunn , Buchholz, Finkenwalde , Frauendorf , Gotzlow, Güstow , Hohenzahden , Karow , Klein Reinkendorf , Kreckow, Kurow , Mandelkow , Messenthin, Möhringen , Neuendorf , Niederzahden , Odermünde, Podejuch, Polchow , Pommerensdorf , Pritzlow , Scheune , Stöven , Stolzenhagen, Völschendorf , Warsow, Wussow, Zedlitzfelde and Züllchow as well as the manor districts of Forst Buchheide and Dammscher See were incorporated into the city of Stettin.
- The cities of Gartz a./Oder and Penkun as well as the communities Barnimslow , Blumberg , Casekow , Damitzow, Friedrichsthal i. Pom., Geesow , Glasow , Grünz , Hohenholz , Hohenreinkendorf , Hohenselchow , Jamikow , Kolbitzow , Krackow , Kummerow , Kunow , Ladenthin, Lebehn , Luckow , Mescherin , Nadrensee , Pargow , Petershagen , Pinnow , Pomellen , Rosow , Schillersdorf , Schmellenthin , Schönfeld , Schöningen , Schönow , Sommersdorf , Storkow, Tantow , Wartin , Wollin and Woltersdorf came to the district of Greifenhagen .
- The communities Arnimswalde, Bergland, Friedrichsdorf, Hornskrug, Langenberg, Oberhof, Schwabach, Schwankenheim, Wilhelmsfelde and Wolfshorst came to the district of Naugard .
- The municipalities of Armenheide , Bismark, Blankensee , Boblin , Böck , Boock , Daber , Dorotheenwalde, Falkenwalde , Glashütte , Gorkow , Grambow , Günnitz, Hagen , Jasenitz , Köstin , Laack , Lienken, Löcknitz , Mewegen , Nassenheide , Neuenkirchen , Pampow , Plöwen , Ramin , Retzin, Rothenklempenow , Schwennenz , Sonnenberg, Stolzenburg , Trestin and Wamlitz as well as the forest estate districts Falkenwalde and Stolzenburg came to the district of Ueckermünde .
SBZ and GDR 1945 to 1950
After the end of the Second World War , a new district of Randow was formed in the SBZ in the summer of 1945 from the area of the districts of Greifenhagen and Ueckermünde west of the Oder-Neisse line , which had belonged to the district of Randow until 1939 . The first district administrator was Erich Spiegel , who initially administered the district from Stettin as district administrator of Greater Stettin and, after the transfer of Szczecin to Poland by the Soviet Union on July 5, 1945 , relocated the district office to Hohenholz , north of Penkun. Spiegel held office until August 1945 and was then replaced by District Administrator Geiß, who moved the District Office to Löcknitz in October 1945 .
During the GDR district reform in 1950 , the Randow district was finally dissolved and divided as follows:
- The city of Gartz a./Oder and the communities of Blumberg, Casekow, Damitzow, Friedrichsthal i. Pom., Geesow, Hohenreinkendorf, Hohenselchow, Jamikow, Kummerow, Kunow, Luckow, Mescherin, Petershagen, Pinnow, Rosow, Schönfeld, Schönow, Tantow, Wartin and Woltersdorf came to the Angermünde district in what was then the state of Brandenburg .
- The municipalities of Bismark, Blankensee, Boock, Gorkow, Grambow, Löcknitz, Mewegen, Pampow, Plöwen, Ramin, Retzin, Rothenklempenow, Schwennenz and Sonnenberg came to the Pasewalk district in the then state of Mecklenburg .
- The city of Penkun and the communities Glasow, Grünz, Hohenholz, Krackow, Ladenthin, Lebehn, Nadrensee, Pomellen, Sommersdorf, Storkow and Wollin came to the Prenzlau district in what was then the state of Brandenburg.
On June 11, 1951, an area of the former district in the Staffelde area of around 75 hectares was ceded by Poland to the GDR in exchange for an assignment of territory on the island of Usedom in favor of Poland (Swinemünde Sack with the Świnoujście waterworks ).
present
The southern part of the former district area around the town of Gartz (Oder) today belongs to the Brandenburg district of Uckermark and the north-western part of the district of Vorpommern-Greifswald in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania . The north-eastern part of the former district was placed under Polish administration after the end of the war in 1945 and is now part of the city of Stettin and the powiat Policki in the West Pomeranian Voivodeship .
Population development
| year | Residents | source |
|---|---|---|
| 1797 | 56,685 | |
| 1846 | 107.233 | |
| 1871 | 89,809 | |
| 1890 | 115.412 | |
| 1900 | 94,859 | |
| 1910 | 96.506 | |
| 1925 | 107,730 1 | |
| 1933 | 113.276 | |
| 1939 | 133,000 | |
| 1946 | 42,383 |
politics
Local constitution
The district of Randow was divided into cities, rural communities and - until they were almost completely dissolved in 1929 - into independent manor districts. With the introduction of the Prussian Municipal Constitutional Act of December 15, 1933, there was a uniform municipal constitution for all Prussian municipalities from January 1, 1934. With the introduction of the German Municipal Code of January 30, 1935, a uniform municipal constitution came into force in the German Reich on April 1, 1935, according to which the previous rural municipalities were now referred to as municipalities . A new district constitution was no longer created; The district regulations for the provinces of East and West Prussia, Brandenburg, Pomerania, Silesia and Saxony from March 19, 1881 continued to apply.
District administrators
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Districts, cities and municipalities
Districts
The rural communities in the district were divided into 25 administrative districts in the 1930s :
The cities of the district were free of office.
Cities and Towns 1939
Before its dissolution in 1939, the district comprised the following cities and municipalities:
In 1939, the district of Randow also included the community-free manor districts of Forst Buchheide, Dammscher See , Forst Falkenwalde and Forst Stolzenburg.
Cities and municipalities 1945 to 1950
Between 1945 and 1950 the re-established district Randow comprised the following cities and communities:
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Communities dissolved or left before 1939
- Brachhorst , about 1929 in Langenberg
- Bredow , in Stettin on April 1, 1900
- Damuster , on October 1, 1937 in Jasenitz
- Duchow , in Jasenitz on October 1, 1937
- Friedensburg , about 1929 to Podejuch
- Glienken , before 1908 in Stolzenhagen
- Grabow , Stadt, in Stettin on April 1, 1900
- Border village , before 1929 to Köstin
- Heinrichshof , about 1929 to Hohenselchow
- Kratzwiek , before 1908 in Stolzenhagen
- Langenstücke , on October 1st, 1937 in Jasenitz
- Nemitz , in Stettin on April 1, 1900
- Neuenfeld , about 1929 to Nadrensee
- Rosengarten , on October 1st, 1937 at Altdamm
- Wenkendorf , on October 1, 1937 in Jasenitz
Name changes
- Radekow, renamed Tantow on June 19, 1935
- Scholwin, renamed Odermünde in 1929
- Staffelde, renamed Pargow on April 1, 1936
traffic
In 1843 the first line of the Berlin-Stettin Railway ran from the Prussian capital to the Pomeranian provincial capital> 110.0 <. From here in 1846 the journey continued to Western Pomerania in the direction of Stargard > 111.0 <. In 1863 it was possible to take the train in the direction of Western Pomerania to Pasewalk > 105.0 <.
Up the Oder in 1877 the Breslau-Schweidnitz-Freiburg Railway Company opened a connection to Küstrin > 122.0 <. Finally, from the Stargard route in Altdamm, the route of the Altdamm-Colberger Eisenbahn-Gesellschaft to the East Pomeranian Baltic coast branched off> 111.c <.
The Prussian State Railways then had the task of building a branch line from Stettin on the left bank of the Oder to Jasenitz in 1898 and on to Ziegenort in 1910> 110.m <. In 1913 the city of Gartz (Oder) got a connection to Tantow on the Berlin main line> 110.f <.
The districts of Randow and Ueckermünde also participated in the establishment of small railroad companies. In 1897 Randower Kleinbahn AG ran its route from Stöven in the west of Stettin to Stolzenburger Glashütte in the Randow district and then in 1906 to Neuwarp am Großer Haff in the Ueckermünde district> 113.g <. The south of the district with the Randowbruch was opened up in 1899 by the narrow-gauge line of the Casekow – Penkun – Oder small railway, which ran parallel to the Berlin-Stettin railway> 113.f <.
literature
- Gustav Neumann : Geography of the Prussian State. 2nd edition, Volume 2, Berlin 1874, pp. 112-114, item 2.
- Karl Weishaupt: Randow - from yesterday to today. In: The Pommersche Zeitung. No. 2/2008, pp. 10-11. (Reprint of a text from 1925)
- Matthias Manke : The city of Stettin and the Pomeranian district of Randow in the first post-war months (May to October 1945). In: Selected aspects of post-war history in the Duchy of Lauenburg and the neighboring territories. Bochum 2004, ISBN 3-89911-022-6 , pp. 63-94.
- Royal Statistical Bureau: The municipalities and manors of the province of Pomerania and their people. Edited and compiled from the original materials of the general census of December 1, 1871. Berlin 1874, pp. 24-33.
- Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. Province of Pomerania - Randow district. (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006).
- Bernd Aischmann: Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania, excluding the city of Stettin. A historical perspective . 2nd Edition. Thomas Helms Verlag, Schwerin 2009, ISBN 978-3-935749-89-3 .
- Gunthard Stübs and Pomeranian Research Association: The Randow district in the former province of Pomerania . 2011.
Web links
- Municipal directory 1900/1910
- Landkreis Randow Administrative history and district list on the website territorial.de (Rolf Jehke), as of July 7, 2013.
Individual evidence
- ^ Monuments of the Prussian State Administration in the 18th century . Authority organization and general state administration. In: Royal Academy of Sciences (ed.): Acta Borussica . tape VI . Paul Parey, Berlin 1901, chap. Pomerania, District Constitution, p. 393 ( digitized version ).
- ^ Fritz Curschmann, Ernst Rubow: Pomeranian district map sheet 3 . The Pomeranian circles before and after 1818. In: Landesgeschichtliche Forschungsstelle der Provinz Pommern (Hrsg.): Historischer Atlas von Pommern . 1935 ( digitized ).
- ^ Johann Ernst Fabri: Geography for all estates . Schwickertscher Verlag, Leipzig 1793, chap. Prussian Western Pomerania, p. 378 ( digitized version ).
- ↑ Official Journal of the Royal Prussian Government in Stettin: Ordinance on the new district division of January 18, 1816 . No. 12 , 1816, p. 37 ( digitized version [accessed on February 2, 2017]).
- ↑ Local directory of the government district of Stettin according to the new district division . approx. 1818. Struck, Stettin ( digitized version ).
- ↑ a b The municipalities and manor districts of the province of Pomerania and their population in 1871
- ↑ territorial.de: Randow district
- ↑ a b c d e f g Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. Randow district. (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006).
- ^ Willi Neuhoff: Erich Spiegel – 1945 first post-war mayor in Stettin. In: Stettiner Bürgerbrief. No. 24, 1998, ISSN 1619-6201 , pp. 60-63.
- ↑ a b GenWiki: Landkreis Randow 1945–1950 ( page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Georg Hassel: Statistical outline of all European states . The statistical view and special statistics of Central Europe. Vieweg, Braunschweig 1805, p. 43 ( digitized version ).
- ↑ Royal Statistical Bureau (ed.): Mittheilungen des Statistisches Bureau's in Berlin, Volume 2 . Population of the districts. S. 315 ( digitized version ).
- ^ State Statistical Office (ed.): Community encyclopedia for the Free State of Prussia. Pomeranian Province. According to the final result of the census of June 16, 1925 and other official sources based on the territory of October 1, 1932 . Berlin 1932, p. XXVIII.
- ↑ 1946 census
- ^ Randow district in the Pomeranian information system.
Administrative districts: Köslin | Szczecin | Stralsund . City districts: Greifswald | Kolberg | Köslin | Stargard | Szczecin | Stumble | Stralsund . Counties: Anklam | Belgard | Bütow | Cammin i. Pom. | Demmin | Dramburg | Franzburg-Barth | Greifenberg i. Pom. | Greifenhagen | Greifswald | Grim | Kolberg-Körlin | Köslin | Lauenburg i. Pom. | Naugard | Neustettin | Pyritz | Randow | Rainforest | Rügen | Rummelsburg i. Pom. | Saatzig | Schlawe i. Pom. | Stumble | Ueckermünde | Usedom-Wollin . Disbanded: Lauenburg-Bütow district (1845). Principality of the Principality (1872). County Bublitz , Kreis Schivelbein (1932). From 1938: Grenzmark Posen-West Prussia - Schneidemühl - District Arnswalde , District Deutsch Krone , District Flatow , District Friedeberg Nm. , Netzekreis , district of Schlochau .