Stralsund administrative district

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Administrative division of Pomerania in 1913: Stralsund district, Stettin district, Köslin district




The administrative district of Stralsund belonged to the Prussian province of Pomerania and existed from 1818 to 1932.

history

The administrative district of Stralsund was formed as one of three Pomeranian administrative districts in 1818. It included Swedish Pomerania ( New Western Pomerania and Rügen ) , which fell to Prussia in 1815 . The special legal position of this part of the country is also the reason for the establishment of what was then the smallest administrative district of the entire state. In contrast to the rest of the province of Pomerania , neither the general Prussian land law nor the laws and regulations enacted during the period of the so-called Stein-Hardenberg reforms (e.g. town regulations from 1808) were applicable here . An approximation of the legal situation only took place gradually in the second half of the 19th century and was finally largely completed with the introduction of the German Civil Code (BGB) on January 1, 1900. But in certain areas there were still special legal forms that did not exist anywhere else in Prussia and Germany and that went back to the time of Swedish rule, e.g. B. the so-called tertiary law . Therefore, the tribunal , which was moved from Wismar via Stralsund to Greifswald in 1802/03 , also continued to exist under the name of Greifswald Higher Appeal Court as the final instance of ordinary jurisdiction for the administrative district until 1848.

The first government was inaugurated on January 5, 1818, by the President of the Pomeranian Province, Johann August Sack . This was preceded by a long-term discussion about the status of the country. Three options emerged:

  1. Formation of a separate province of New Western Pomerania and Rügen
  2. Formation of a separate administrative district within the province of Pomerania
  3. Immediate integration into the existing administrative district of Szczecin

The objection of the counties and cities to the king against the formation of the government district was rejected. The Prussian taxation system was only introduced in New West Pomerania after a royal cabinet order of November 19, 1821.

Because of its small size, the Stralsund administrative district was one of those Prussian administrative areas that were open to disposal from the start. Only a few years after his formation, there were already discussions about his dissolution. Ultimately, it was the special legal position described above that kept preventing this from happening. It was not until October 1, 1932 that it was united with the administrative district of Stettin .

Administrative division in the middle of the 19th century

Map of the administrative district 1846

“The Stralsund government district is divided into four districts, three of which are named after the cities in which the district administrators are located. The fourth, however, after the island of Rügen, of which it consists alone. New Western Pomerania has three districts: Franzburg, Grimmen, Greifswald. Rügen forms the district of Rügen.

From an ecclesiastical point of view, the government district is divided into eleven superintendent's offices, three of which include the Franzburger district, two the Grimmer district, three the Greifswald district and three the island of Rügen.

All parishes are Protestant. Only in Stralsund is a Catholic church to which all Catholics in the government district adhere. "

- Provincial calendar for New West Pomerania and the Principality of Rügen on the common year 1851, p. 240

Population development in the 19th century

  • 1805: 118.112
  • 1816: 125.543
  • 1825: 142.312
  • 1840: 169.114
  • 1849: 185.426
  • 1861: 208.429
  • 1871: 208.276
  • 1880: 216.130

City / rural districts 1900

In 1900 the administrative district of Stralsund consisted of an urban district and four rural districts. It covered an area of ​​4,010.88 km², on which 873 cities and municipalities were distributed and in which 216,340 inhabitants lived.

  • City district:

City / rural districts 1925

In 1925 there were 246,941 inhabitants in the Stralsund administrative region.

In 1925 the seat of the district office of the Franzburg district was relocated to Barth. Since February 1, 1928, the district had the official name "Franzburg-Barth".

District President

After 1945

From 1946 Stralsund was the seat of the Stralsund district, which emerged almost unchanged from the Franzburg-Barth district, from whose eastern part the Stralsund district in the Rostock district of the GDR was formed in 1952 . The western part came to the newly formed Ribnitz-Damgarten district . The old district of Grimmen lost its southern part around Loitz in 1952 , which came to the district of Demmin and the district of Neubrandenburg , as did the southern part of the old district of Greifswald , which came to the new district of Anklam and thus also to the district of Neubrandenburg. The eastern part of the old Greifswald district around Wolgast formed the new Wolgast district from 1952 together with the part of the island of Usedom that remained with Germany after 1945 . The district of Rügen was divided into the districts of Bergen and Putbus in 1952, but this was reversed after a few years. While Stralsund continuously retained the freedom of the district, Greifswald was integrated into the Greifswald district until the 1970s.

In 1994, the districts of Grimmen, Ribnitz-Damgarten and Stralsund, now in the state of Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania , were merged to form the district of North Western Pomerania , and the districts of Anklam, Greifswald and Wolgast to form the district of East Western Pomerania . Rügen remained unchanged, and Greifswald and Stralsund also retained their district freedom.

The district of Vorpommern-Greifswald was formed in the course of the district reform Mecklenburg-Vorpommern 2011 on September 4, 2011 from the city of Greifswald, the districts of Ostvorpommern, Uecker-Randow and parts of the Demmin district (Jarmen-Tutow, Peenetal / Loitz). The new district from the old districts of North Western Pomerania, Rügen and Stralsund is called the district of Western Pomerania-Rügen.

literature

  • Joachim Wächter : The formation of the Stralsund administrative region . In: Greifswald-Stralsund yearbook . Vol. 10 (1972/73), pp. 127-137.
  • Ground plan for the German administrative history 1815-1945. Row A: Prussia , ed. by Walter Hubatsch , Vol. 3: Pomerania , arr. by Dieter Stütgen, Marburg / Lahn 1975, pp. 85–99.
  • State Center for Political Education of the State of Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania (Hrsg.): Historical and geographical atlas of Mecklenburg and Pomerania . Vol. 2: Mecklenburg and Pomerania: The country in retrospect . Map 18, o. O. u. J. [Schwerin, 1996], pp. 80-81.
  • Johannes Hinz: Pomerania. Lexicon , Würzburg 2001.
  • Heinrich Berghaus Land book of the Duchy of Pomerania and the Principality of Rügen . IV. Part II. Volume: Greifswalder Kreis . Anklam 1868, online .

Statistical reference works (state handbooks)

Footnotes

  1. ↑ Martin Wehrmann: History of Pomerania . Vol. 2, Weltbild Verlag 1992, reprint of the 1919 and 1921 editions, ISBN 3-89350-112-6 , p. 286
  2. ^ Heinrich Berghaus Landbuch of the Duchy of Pomerania and the Principality of Rügen . IV. Part II. Volume: Greifswalder Kreis . Anklam 1868
  3. ↑ Handbook for New Western Pomerania and the Principality of Rügen for the year 1888, p. 166