Anklam district
The district of Anklam , until 1939 Kreis Anklam , was a district in Western Pomerania , which existed in its historical form until the administrative reform in the GDR from 1952. His area is now in the district of Vorpommern-Greifswald in Mecklenburg-Vorpommern . The district belonged to Prussia until 1945, then to the SBZ and from 1949 to the GDR . The county seat was the city of Anklam on the Peene .
history
Prussia
Western Pomerania , which fell to Prussia in 1720 , was divided into the five districts of Anklam, Demmin , Randow , Usedom and Wollin in the 18th century . The Anklam district then included the cities of Anklam , Jarmen , Neuwarp and Ueckermünde , the six royal offices of Klempenow, Königsholland, Spantekow, Stolpe, Torgelow and Ueckermünde, as well as numerous noble estates . During the district reform of 1818 in the administrative district of Stettin , the delimitation of the Anklam district was changed:
- The city of Jarmen, the office of Klempenow and a few other villages came to the Demmin district.
- The cities of Neuwarp and Ueckermünde as well as the offices of Königsholland, Torgelow and Ueckermünde became part of the new Ueckermünde district
- The Anklam suburb of Peendamm, which lay on the north bank of the Peene and thus belonged to New Western Pomerania, was added to the Anklam district .
Since July 1, 1867, the district belonged to the North German Confederation and since January 1, 1871 to the German Empire . In 1871 the district included the city of Anklam as well as 54 rural parishes and 57 manor districts .
On September 30, 1929, a regional reform took place in the Anklam district, as in the rest of Prussia, in which all manor districts were dissolved and assigned to neighboring rural communities. Between 1935 and 1938 the municipalities of the district, apart from the city of Anklam, were merged to form the eight large municipalities Boldekow, Borckenfriede, Bugewitz, Ducherow, Krien, Medow, Pelsin and Spantekow. These large communities roughly covered the areas of the then administrative districts. On January 1, 1939, the district of Anklam was given the designation Landkreis in accordance with the now unified regulation .
Soviet occupation zone / GDR
In the spring of 1945, the district was occupied by the Red Army and part of the Soviet occupation zone, in which it belonged to the state of Mecklenburg ( Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania until 1947 ). The large communities formed in the 1930s were dissolved again on August 1, 1946 and the district was again divided into traditional communities next to the city of Anklam.
On July 1, 1950, the city of Lassan and the communities of Buggenhagen , Groß Polzin , Klein Bünzow , Klotzow , Murchin , Pamitz , Pinnow , Pulow , Rubkow , Salchow , Wahlendow , Wehrland and Ziethen from the Greifswald district moved to the Anklam district.
A major administrative reform took place in the GDR on July 25, 1952, during which the five states were dissolved and replaced by 14 districts and most of the districts were replaced by smaller districts. The old district of Anklam was also dissolved:
- The communities Altwigshagen , Leopoldshagen , Lübs , Neuendorf A and Wietstock came to the new district of Ueckermünde .
- The city of Lassan as well as the communities Buggenhagen, Pulow and Wehrland came to the new Wolgast district .
- The rest of the district formed the district of Anklam together with the communities of Groß Jasedow , Pätschow , Quilow and Schmatzin of the dissolved district of Greifswald .
- The districts of Anklam and Ueckermünde were assigned to the new district of Neubrandenburg , while the district of Wolgast came to the new district of Rostock .
Population development
| year | Residents | source |
|---|---|---|
| 1797 | 34,436 | |
| 1816 | 30,856 | |
| 1846 | 27,708 | |
| 1871 | 30,331 | |
| 1890 | 30,689 | |
| 1900 | 32,693 | |
| 1910 | 34,084 | |
| 1925 | 35,787 | |
| 1933 | 35,279 | |
| 1939 | 39,335 | |
| 1946 | 53,714 |
The demarcation of the district underwent extensive changes in 1818.
cities and communes
As of 1950
After the dissolution of the large municipalities formed in the 1930s and before the regional reform of 1950 in the GDR, the district of Anklam comprised the following municipalities:
Municipalities dissolved before 1939
Some congregations that had become part of large congregations in 1930 did not regain their independence after their dissolution in 1946.
- Alt Kosenow , merged with Neu Kosenow to form the Kosenow community in the 1920s
- Alt Sanitz , merged with Neu Sanitz and Blesenitz to form the municipality of Sanitz in the 1920s
- Alt Teterin , merged with Neu Teterin and Müggenburg to form the municipality of Teterin in the 1920s
- Anklamer ferry , also just a ferry , to the municipality of Pelsin on April 1, 1937, and to Gnevezin in 1946
- Borckenfriede , on April 1, 1937 to the large community of Borckenfriede, 1946 to Altwigshagen
- Brenkenhof , on April 1, 1937 to the large community of Medow, 1946 to the community of Medow
- Gramzow , on April 1, 1937 to the large community of Krien, 1946 to Krusenfelde
- Kamp , on April 1, 1937 to the large community of Bugewitz, 1946 to Rosenhagen
- Kosenow , on December 1, 1935 to the large community of Ducherow, 1946 to Neu Kosenow
- Rubenow , on April 1, 1937 to the large community Boldekow, 1946 to Borntin
- Strippow , on April 1, 1937 to the large community of Spantekow, 1946 to Neuenkirchen
- Tramstow , to Postlow in the 1920s
District administrators
- 1733–1740 Adolph Heinrich von Winterfeld
- 1740–1763 August von Parsenow
- 1763–1779 Adolph Friedrich von Neetzow
- 1784–1792 Friedrich Georg Ludwig von Borcke
- 1792–1793 Franz Friedrich Carl von Parsenow
- 1793–1816 Moritz Friedrich Wilhelm von Schwerin
- 1818–1833 Heinrich von Schwerin (1776–1839)
- 1833–1848 Maximilian von Schwerin-Putzar (1804–1872)
- 1849–1853 Albert von Bülow
- 1853–1889 Rudolph von Oertzen (1819–1893)
- 1889 Karl von Schwerin (1844–1901) ( acting )
- 1889–1894 Hermann von Somnitz († 1925)
- 1894–1908 Ernst von Troschke (1859–1922)
- 1908–1927 Hans von Rosenstiel (1871–1955)
- 1927–1932 Max von Philipsborn (1891–1973)
- 1932–1934 Egon von Haber (* 1875) ( acting )
- 1934–1940 Wilhelm Becker
- 1940–1944 Wilderich von Merfeldt
- 1944–1945 Gerhard Becker
Local constitution until 1945
The district of Anklam was divided into the city of Anklam, into rural communities and - until their complete dissolution in 1929 - into independent manor districts. With the introduction of the Prussian Municipal Constitutional Act of December 15, 1933, there was a uniform municipal constitution for all Prussian municipalities from January 1, 1934. With the introduction of the German Municipal Code of January 30, 1935, a uniform municipal constitution came into force in the German Reich on April 1, 1935, according to which the previous rural municipalities were now referred to as municipalities . These were grouped together in administrative districts .
Personalities
- Aviation pioneer Otto Lilienthal , born on May 23, 1848 in Anklam
- Maximilian von Schwerin-Putzar was district administrator from 1833 to 1848, later he was Prussian minister and leading liberal politician
literature
- Gustav Neumann : Geography of the Prussian State. 2nd edition, Volume 2, Berlin 1874, p. 115, point 4.
- Royal Statistical Bureau: The municipalities and manors of the province of Pomerania and their people. Edited and compiled from the original materials of the general census of December 1, 1871. Berlin 1874, pp. 8-15.
Web links
- Anklam district administrative history and district council list on the website territorial.de (Rolf Jehke), as of July 11, 2013.
Individual evidence
- ^ Monuments of the Prussian State Administration in the 18th century . Authority organization and general state administration. In: Royal Academy of Sciences (ed.): Acta Borussica . tape VI . Paul Parey, Berlin 1901, chap. Pomerania, District Constitution, p. 393 ( digitized version ).
- ^ Fritz Curschmann, Ernst Rubow: Pomeranian district map sheet 1 . The Pomeranian circles before and after 1818. In: Landesgeschichtliche Forschungsstelle der Provinz Pommern (Hrsg.): Historischer Atlas von Pommern . 1935 ( digitized ).
- ^ Johann Ernst Fabri: Geography for all estates . Schwickertscher Verlag, Leipzig 1793, chap. Prussian Western Pomerania, p. 349 ( digitized version ).
- ↑ Official Journal of the Royal Prussian Government in Stettin: Ordinance on the new district division of January 18, 1816 . No. 12 , 1816, p. 38 ( digitized version [accessed on February 2, 2017]).
- ↑ Local directory of the government district of Stettin according to the new district division . approx. 1818. Struck, Stettin ( digitized version ).
- ↑ a b The municipalities and manor districts of the province of Pomerania and their population in 1871
- ↑ a b c d e f g Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. Landkreis Anklam. (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006).
- ↑ a b c d e GenWiki: Landkreis Anklam
- ↑ Georg Hassel: Statistical outline of all European states . The statistical view and special statistics of Central Europe. Vieweg, Braunschweig 1805, p. 43 ( digitized version ).
- ^ Christian Gottfried Daniel Stein: Handbook of Geography and Statistics of the Prussian State . Vossische Buchhandlung, Berlin 1819, The administrative district of Stettin, p. 223 ( digitized version [accessed on May 5, 2016]).
- ↑ Royal Statistical Bureau (ed.): Mittheilungen des Statistisches Bureau's in Berlin, Volume 2 . Population of the districts. S. 315 ( digitized version ).
- ↑ 1946 census
- ↑ Pinnow bei Anklam moved on July 1, 1950 from the Greifswald district.
Administrative districts: Köslin | Szczecin | Stralsund . City districts: Greifswald | Kolberg | Köslin | Stargard | Szczecin | Stumble | Stralsund . Counties: Anklam | Belgard | Bütow | Cammin i. Pom. | Demmin | Dramburg | Franzburg-Barth | Greifenberg i. Pom. | Greifenhagen | Greifswald | Grim | Kolberg-Körlin | Köslin | Lauenburg i. Pom. | Naugard | Neustettin | Pyritz | Randow | Rainforest | Rügen | Rummelsburg i. Pom. | Saatzig | Schlawe i. Pom. | Stumble | Ueckermünde | Usedom-Wollin . Disbanded: Lauenburg-Bütow district (1845). Principality of the Principality (1872). County Bublitz , Kreis Schivelbein (1932). From 1938: Grenzmark Posen-West Prussia - Schneidemühl - District Arnswalde , District Deutsch Krone , District Flatow , District Friedeberg Nm. , Netzekreis , district of Schlochau .