Bützow

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coat of arms Germany map
Coat of arms of the city of Bützow
Bützow
Map of Germany, position of the city of Bützow highlighted

Coordinates: 53 ° 51 '  N , 11 ° 59'  E

Basic data
State : Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania
County : Rostock
Office : Bützow-Land
Height : 4 m above sea level NHN
Area : 39.74 km 2
Residents: 7789 (Dec. 31, 2019)
Population density : 196 inhabitants per km 2
Postal code : 18246
Area code : 038461
License plate : LRO, BÜZ, DBR, GÜ, ROS, TET
Community key : 13 0 72 020
LOCODE : DE BZO

City administration address : 		Am Markt 1
18246 Bützow
Website : www.buetzow.de
Mayor : Christian Grüschow (independent)
Location of the city of Bützow in the Rostock district
Rostock Schwerin Landkreis Mecklenburgische Seenplatte Landkreis Vorpommern-Rügen Landkreis Nordwestmecklenburg Landkreis Nordwestmecklenburg Landkreis Ludwigslust-Parchim Admannshagen-Bargeshagen Bartenshagen-Parkentin Börgerende-Rethwisch Hohenfelde (Mecklenburg) Nienhagen (Landkreis Rostock) Reddelich Retschow Steffenshagen Wittenbeck Baumgarten (Warnow) Bernitt Bützow Dreetz (Mecklenburg) Jürgenshagen Klein Belitz Penzin Rühn Steinhagen (Mecklenburg) Tarnow (Mecklenburg) Warnow (bei Bützow) Zepelin Broderstorf Blankenhagen Poppendorf (Mecklenburg) Roggentin (bei Rostock) Broderstorf Thulendorf Altkalen Behren-Lübchin Finkenthal Gnoien Walkendorf Behren-Lübchin Glasewitz Groß Schwiesow Gülzow-Prüzen Gutow Klein Upahl Kuhs Lohmen (Mecklenburg) Lüssow (Mecklenburg) Mistorf Mühl Rosin Plaaz Reimershagen Sarmstorf Dolgen am See Hohen Sprenz Laage Wardow Dobbin-Linstow Hoppenrade Krakow am See Kuchelmiß Lalendorf Lalendorf Alt Sührkow Dahmen Dalkendorf Groß Roge Groß Wokern Groß Wüstenfelde Hohen Demzin Jördenstorf Lelkendorf Prebberede Schorssow Schwasdorf Sukow-Levitzow Thürkow Warnkenhagen Alt Bukow Am Salzhaff Bastorf Bastorf Biendorf (Mecklenburg) Carinerland Rerik Bentwisch Blankenhagen Gelbensande Mönchhagen Rövershagen Benitz Bröbberow Kassow Rukieten Schwaan Vorbeck Wiendorf (Mecklenburg) Cammin (bei Rostock) Gnewitz Grammow Nustrow Selpin Stubbendorf (bei Tessin) Tessin (bei Rostock) Thelkow Zarnewanz Elmenhorst/Lichtenhagen Kritzmow Lambrechtshagen Papendorf (Warnow) Pölchow Stäbelow Ziesendorf Bad Doberan Dummerstorf Graal-Müritz Güstrow Kröpelin Kühlungsborn Neubukow Sanitz Satow Teterowmap
About this picture

Bützow is a small town in the Rostock district in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania , in the Mecklenburg part of the country . It is the administrative seat of the Bützow-Land office , to which eleven other municipalities belong, and it also forms a basic center for its surroundings .

geography

Geographical location

The city is located in the north of Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania between Schwerin and Rostock . The wide valley of the Warnow , flanked by ground moraines and moraines , divides Bützow into a north-western and a south-eastern area. In the north lie the Bützower See and the confluence of the Nebel into the Warnow.

City structure

The city of Bützow consists of the districts Bützow, Horst, Parkow and Wolken.

Other settlements in the urban area are Dreibergen, Eichhof and Vierburg.

history

Surname

From 1171 the Burgward Butissowe or Butessowe was called more often and from 1229 it was called Buszowe or Butzow for short . The place name could contain the Polish personal name Butis , Budis or Bytis , which was also used by the Sorbs , Czechs and Poles .

In addition to Waren (Müritz) , Gnoien and other settlements, Bützow is mentioned as a bunitium by Claudius Ptolemy as early as 150 AD .

middle Ages

Bützow and Bethlehem Monastery on the right on the Vicke-Schorler-Rolle (created 1578–1586)

In 1171 the Slavic castle (castrum Butissowe) in the country Bützow (Terra Butissowe) was mentioned. Around 1180 Bützow became the episcopal residence under Bishop Berno and the first document of the bishop dates from 1229. Probably from 1229 onwards, the system was built as a German city, which was granted city rights in 1236 . It was owned by the bishops of Schwerin. In 1239 it was the main residence of the Schwerin diocese . In 1248 the collegiate monastery of the town church St. Elisabeth was founded. The Stiftslandtage took place in Bützow. In 1263 the construction of the fortification and the castle began. From 1270 there is an archdeaconate here . In 1468 the Bethlehem Monastery was founded for the Sisters of Life Together in front of the Rostocker Tor and converted into the Raths poor house during the Reformation . In 1540 the Hochstift Schwerin was secularized . Bützow came to the dukes of Mecklenburg . In 1556 the new building of the castle was completed.

17th to 19th century

City view of Bützow around 1650
City plan of Bützow in 1692
Half-timbered house typical of the old town of Bützow (Schlossstrasse 16)

In 1648 Bützow fell to Mecklenburg with the Schwerin monastery. Between 1699 and 1703, 72 Huguenot families settled there , processing wool and growing tobacco . After the death of Duke Friedrich Wilhelm, his widow Sophie and 56 German Reformed members of her court moved to the Bützow Castle for the period from 1713 to 1749 , thus establishing the German Reformed community in the city.

In 1716 the town hall and large parts of the town were destroyed by a fire. From 1760 to 1789 the castle was the seat of the Friedrichs University , which was founded by Duke Friedrich due to theological differences as a competitor to the University of Rostock .

Social and political tensions as a result of the French Revolution also led to tensions in Bützow; the so-called goose war of 1794 was an expression of dissatisfaction between the citizens and the city council. Wilhelm Raabe refers to this event in his story Die Gänse von Bützow (1866) . From 1812 to 1879 the criminal college (upper court) was located in the castle. In 1838 the penal institution and the Dreibergen penitentiary, today's JVA Bützow, were built .

In 1850 the railway connection to Rostock, Schwerin and Güstrow was laid. Bützow became a state town in Mecklenburg in 1851 and was represented on state parliaments as part of the towns of the Mecklenburg District until 1918 . From 1898 to 1914 the Bützower Hoftag met during the carnival in Bützow.

20th century

Castle during renovation (2012)

During the Nazi era , the Jewish cemetery on the road to Kröpelin was desecrated, but was restored after 1945 on the orders of the Soviet city commanders. After the November pogroms of 1938, only one elderly couple of the Bützow Jews lived in the city; It was deported to Theresienstadt concentration camp in November 1942 , where the couple died in 1943. During the Second World War , women and men from Poland (housed in Barracks Am Wall) and the Soviet Union (housed in barracks at the Bützow / Wolken railroad crossing) had to do military-grade forced labor . From 1933 to 1945 the Dreibergen-Bützow prison and prison was occupied by an average of 900 prisoners, in 1944 it was even 3000. In 1942, 16 prisoners and in 1945 70 prisoners of the Nazi regime were executed, including many without a court judgment. A total of 770 inmates died from the catastrophic detention conditions.

After the entry of the Red Army on May 3, 1945, the Dreibergen prison was initially used as a repatriation camp. For political prisoners, on the other hand, a wing of the former central prison on Schlossplatz was used. On January 1, 1951, the People's Police took over the prison. Bützow became a prison for hundreds of opponents of the SED regime. The trial in Bützow in 1953 as part of Aktion Rose against 447 imprisoned restaurant and hotel owners was spectacular . For opponents of the regime in the north of the GDR, the name “Zuchthaus Bützow” became the epitome of harsh repression of political opponents by the SED dictatorship, comparable to the Bautzen prison .

In April and May 1946 ten young people (aged 15 and over) and one adult were arrested in Bützow by the Soviet secret service NKVD and tortured to testify that they wanted to fight the Red Army in the event of war . The adult was shot, and three of the young people sentenced were killed in the camp. The entire group was rehabilitated in 1993 by the Prosecutor General of the Russian Federation.

From 1949 to the beginning of the 1990s, the city was the location of VEB Möbelwerke Bützow.

On July 1, 1950, the previously independent communities Horst and Wolken were incorporated.

From 1952 to 1994 Bützow was the district town of the district of the same name , initially in the Schwerin district , and from 1990 in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania. From 1994 to 2011 the city belonged to the district of Güstrow , since then it has been in the district of Rostock .

After the fall of the Berlin Wall, the historic city center with the town hall was redeveloped as part of urban development funding.

On January 1, 1999 Parkow was incorporated.

21st century

Palace Square with Crooked House , Elementary School and Leisure Center

On September 23, 2008 the city received the title Place of Diversity awarded by the federal government .

Tornado in May 2015

On May 5, 2015, directed tornado of strength F3 severe damage to several buildings, including the town hall and the hospital. In the old town, the roof of the collegiate church was partially covered. A disaster alert was triggered. Shortly after the tornado had subsided, numerous clean-up helpers arrived from the area. Donations were collected for emergency aid. In 2017, most of the damage, which amounted to around 40 million euros, was repaired.

Population development

Population development of Bützow from 1890 to 2017 according to the adjacent table
year Residents
1890 05,323
1910 05,874
1990 10,368
1995 09,479
2000 08,772
2005 07,965
year Residents
2010 7,681
2015 7,848
2016 7,887
2017 7,852
2018 7,799
2019 7,789

from 1990: as of December 31 of the respective year

religion

reformed Church

politics

City council

town hall

The city council of Bützow consists of 21 members and the mayor. The local elections on May 26, 2019 resulted in the following composition:

Party / list Share of votes Seats
Bützow voter community (BWG) 34.8% 7th
CDU 24.6% 5
SPD 17.5% 4th
LEFT 08.7% 2
Alliance Pro Bützow (APB) 07.4% 1
Individual applicant Wolfgang Wehrmann 04.3% 1
Individual applicant Tony Kiefer 02.7% 1

mayor

Grüschow was elected in the mayoral election on April 6, 2014 with 50.2% of the valid votes for a term of office of eight years (ten votes more than his rival from the CDU).

coat of arms

The coat of arms was registered under the number 70 of the coat of arms of Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania.

Blazon : In red, two diagonally crossed golden bishop's staffs with turned curvatures, the crossing covered by a golden miter .

Town twinning

Bützow maintains a town partnership with Eckernförde in Schleswig-Holstein . These contacts have existed since the 1950s, but were dormant for a long time. Since September 1990 there has been a partnership agreement again. An agreement on partnership and cooperation was concluded with the city of Sillamäe in Estonia in order to "improve understanding between the people of their cities and states, to contribute to the growing together of Europe and to promote the European idea." City of Bützow since 1992 to the city of Straelen in North Rhine-Westphalia .

Sights and culture

Attractions

Collegiate church
Goose fountain
Catholic Church of St. Anthony
Memorials
  • Cenotaph from 1949 on the southwestern part of the cemetery of the Evangelical Church Congregation for over 700 victims of fascism
  • Memorial stone on the grounds of the Bützow prison for nine named victims of Nazi judicial terror
  • Memorial plaque on Markt 6 ( Freedom Square during GDR times ) for the Jewish citizen Gustav Josephy, who perished in the Shoah in 1944
  • Memorial plaque on the house at Lange Straße 42 ( Wilhelm-Pieck-Straße during GDR times ) for the Jewish couple Julius Horwitz and their wife who perished in the Theresienstadt concentration camp
  • Memorial stone and plaque from 1986 on the former Jewish cemetery in memory of the victims of the Shoah
  • Commemorative plaque from 1970 on the house at 2. Wallstrasse 8 for the communist city ​​councilor Wilhelm Scherping, which has been in the local history museum since 1993
  • Memorial from 1963 on Schlossplatz in memory of the KPD politician Ernst Thälmann who was murdered in the Buchenwald concentration camp
  • Memorial stone in honor of Vladimir Ilyich Lenin on the Leninring

Culture

  • Bützow City Library in the Crooked House, Schlossplatz 2
  • Old dairy gallery in Baumgarten
  • Kultursalon Bützow with a small regular cinema program of the mobile cinema Filmklub Güstrow.

Economy and Infrastructure

Public facilities

Dreibergen prison,
painting from 1845 ( Friedrich Lisch ),
today Bützow correctional facility
  • Bützow-Land Office and Bützow City Administration, Am Markt 1
  • Bützow correctional facility in the Dreibergen district, largest correctional facility in the state of Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania, largest employer in the city
  • Warnow-Klinik, basic and standard care hospital with 73 beds

traffic

Bützow station

Bützow is on the state roads L 11 Kröpelin - Lohmen , L 14 to Neukloster and L 143 to Schwaan .

The closest motorway junctions are Güstrow on the A 19 ( Berlin - Rostock ) around 28 km away and Kröpelin on the A 20 ( Lübeck - Rostock ), around 17 km away.

The Bützow station is on the Bad Kleinen – Rostock and Bützow – Szczecin railway lines . It is served by the regional express lines RE 1 ( Hamburg - Rostock ) and RE 4 ( Lübeck - Szczecin ).

For Rostock Airport is 26 kilometers (about Güstrow and the B 103).

The Berlin-Copenhagen cycle route runs through Bützow and connects the city with Waren , Güstrow and Rostock.

education

  • Elementary school and leisure center, Schlossplatz 3
  • Bützow special school , Dr.-Winkler-Str.
  • Regional school Käthe-Kollwitz, Dr.-Winkler-Str. 1, arose in 2008 from the former secondary and secondary schools Käthe-Kollwitz and Kopernikus.
  • Geschwister-Scholl-Gymnasium in Bützow, Dr.-Winkler-Str., Attendance up to 12th grade with the completion of the general university entrance qualification
  • Free School Bützow, Pfaffenstr. 8th
  • School at the water tower, school for individual coping with life, Karl-Marx-Str. 30th
  • Regional adult education center Güstrow, Bützow branch, Ellernbruch 8-10
  • Güstrow district music school, Bützow office, Ellernbruch 8-10

Social

  • Two daycare centers, crèches, kindergartens and after-school care centers
  • Youth club and youth meeting point, Gartenstr. 27 A
  • Bützow leisure center, Schloßplatz 3

Sports

  • Sports halls in Bützow, Bernitt, Tarnow and Warnow
  • TSV Bützow 1952, Am Wall sports field
  • Kanuclub Bützow 52, ​​DKV station on Bützower See
  • Tennis facility, Am Sandsteig 3

Personalities

sons and daughters of the town

People who worked in Bützow

literature

  • Friedrich Schlie : The art and history monuments of the Grand Duchy of Mecklenburg-Schwerin . The district court districts Schwaan, Bützow, Sternberg, Güstrow, Krakow, Goldberg, Parchim Lübz and Plau. IV. Volume. Schwerin 1901, p. 41 ff . ( Digitized in the Internet Archive [accessed on August 31, 2015]).

Web links

Commons : Bützow  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Statistisches Amt MV - population status of the districts, offices and municipalities 2019 (XLS file) (official population figures in the update of the 2011 census) ( help ).
  2. ↑ Regional Spatial Development Program Central Mecklenburg / Rostock 2011 - Central locations and perspective development, planning region MMR, accessed on July 12, 2015
  3. ^ Main statute of the city of Bützow, § 16
  4. ↑ Ernst Eichler and Werner Mühlmer: The names of cities in Mecklenburg-Vorpommern. Ingo Koch Verlag, Rostock 2002, ISBN 3-935319-23-1
  5. ^ Friedrich Schlie : The art and history monuments of the Grand Duchy of Mecklenburg-Schwerin . The district court districts Schwaan, Bützow, Sternberg, Güstrow, Krakow, Goldberg, Parchim Lübz and Plau. IV. Volume. Schwerin 1901, p. 41 ff . ( Digitized in the Internet Archive [accessed on August 31, 2015]).
  6. ↑ Gerd Schlegel: Monasteries in the Stiftsland . In Josef Traeger: The Stiftsland of the Schwerin bishops around Bützow and Warin . Leipzig 1984, pp. 65-66
  7. ↑ Grosherzoglich Meklenburg-Schwerin shearing State calendar 1852 , Schwerin in Mecklenburg: Hofbuchdruckerei, 1851, p. 282.
  8. ↑ Bernd Kasten: Persecution and deportation of the Jews in Mecklenburg 1938-1945 . State Center for Civic Education Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania (Ed.), Schwerin 2008, p. 27, ISBN 978-3-940207-16-6
  9. ↑ A. Kaminsky (Ed.): Places of Remembrance, Memorial Signs, Memorials and Museums on the Dictatorship in the Soviet Zone and GDR. Bonn 2007, pp. 241-243
  10. ^ Political criminal justice 1945–1989 - The Bützow prison site as a place of remembrance and learning , Friedrich-Ebert-Stiftung, Schwerin 2008
  11. ↑ Benno Prieß: Shot at dawn . Self-published, Calw 2002. Co-editor: State Commissioner for the Documents of the State Security Service of the GDR, ISBN 3-926802-36-7 , pp. 191–202
  12. ↑ StBA: Changes in the municipalities in Germany, see 1999
  13. ^ Bützow a single field of rubble. In: Schweriner People's Newspaper . May 5, 2015, accessed May 6, 2015 .
  14. ↑ Tornado devastates small town in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania. In: Der Spiegel . May 6, 2015, accessed May 6, 2015 .
  15. ↑ eska: Appeal for donations: This is how you can help the people in Bützow. In: Schweriner People's Newspaper . May 6, 2015, accessed May 8, 2015 .
  16. ↑ The scars heal. Schweriner Volkszeitung , May 3, 2017, archived from the original on May 3, 2017 ; Retrieved May 5, 2017 .
  17. ↑ Population development of the districts and municipalities in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania (Statistical Report AI of the Statistical Office Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania)
  18. ↑ Bützow from A to Z ( Memento of the original from October 27, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.buetzow.de
  19. ^ Result of the election for the city council on May 26, 2019
  20. ^ Main statute of the city of Bützow, § 10
  21. ^ Result of the mayoral election on April 6, 2014
  22. ↑ miniature city on www.buetzow-schwaan.de
  23. ↑ https://leninisstillaround.com/2017/04/23/anwohner-retten-lenindenkmal/ Retrieved January 26, 2019
  24. ↑ http://www.pferdemarktquartier.de/
  25. ↑ Mecklenburg stage | Berlin - Copenhagen. Retrieved April 4, 2017 .