University of Bützow

Schloss Bützow was the seat of the Friedrichs University (photo from 2014)

The Friedrichs-Universität Bützow was a German university in Bützow in Mecklenburg . It existed from 1760 to 1789.

history

The Friedrichs-Universität Bützow, named after its founder, was founded in autumn 1760 by Duke Friedrich (1756–1785), the regent of the Mecklenburg-Schwerin region .

One reason for the establishment of the Bützow University was a dispute between the pietistic sovereign and the theological faculty of the University of Rostock , who were arrested by Orthodoxy , about filling a theological chair with Christian Albrecht Döderlein (1758), who was also closely related to Pietism . This dispute, which is part of a long-term power struggle between the Mecklenburg rulers and the old Hanseatic city of Rostock, escalated due to the fact that the duke and the city were both patrons of the University of Rostock. B. maintained their own college of professors.

The University of Bützow was housed in the local castle , the former seat of the Bishop of Schwerin . As Aula and the University Church was collegiate Bützow used. The official opening took place on October 20, 1760. Complaints from the Rostock council to the select committee of the Mecklenburg estates and to the Reich Chamber of Commerce in Wetzlar against the new establishment remained unsuccessful. The Duke's attempt to close the University of Rostock was equally unsuccessful.

Although Friedrich could not completely eliminate the Rostock competition with his new founding, he withdrew a considerable part of the students there to his new founding. Nevertheless, the frequency of the Bützow University remained low in the long run. During the almost three decades of its existence, 779 students - mostly from Mecklenburg - were matriculated in Bützow.

The Friedrichs-Universität comprised the four classical faculties: theological faculty, law faculty, medical faculty and philosophy faculty and was thus a full university. Associated with the university - based on the model of the University of Halle  , which was also influenced by Pietism - was a pedagogy that was repealed in 1780. The university had a library and an observatory, the latter was headed by Wenzeslaus Johann Gustav Karsten and was located in his house (today Pfaffenstrasse 3).

In view of the gradual decline of the university, Friedrich's successor Friedrich Franz I (1785–1837) reunited the Bützow University with the University of Rostock in April 1789. Most of the professors were taken over there and, for example, the holdings of the university library and the instruments of the university observatory.

Traditionally, the foundation and existence of the Bützow University have since been viewed and portrayed as a breakdown or flaw in Rostock university history. A rethink has only recently taken place, particularly supported by research results and publications by Matthias Asche . The Rostock matriculation portal also lists all students who were once matriculated in Bützow.

Eminent professors

• Angelius Johann Daniel Aepinus (1718–1784), 1760–1764 professor of philosophy, editor of the "Bützower Gelehrten Nachrichten"
• Paul Theodor Carpov (1714–1765), 1760–1765 Professor of Oriental Languages
• Georg Christoph Detharding (1699–1784), 1760 professor of medicine
• Christian Albrecht Döderlein (1714–1789), professor of theology, founding rector of the university
• Peter Johann Hecker (1747–1835), 1775 teacher at the pedagogy, 1778 professor for mathematics
• Wenzeslaus Johann Gustav Karsten (1732–1787), 1760 professor of mathematics
• Lorenz Karsten (1751–1829), 1783 professor of economics and cameralistics, 1788/89 founder of the first German agricultural research institute
• Ernst Johann Friedrich Mantzel (1699–1768), 1760 professor of law
• Johann Matthias Martini (1738–1806), 1767 Professor of Law
• Friedrich Maximilian Mauritii (1724–1799), 1768 professor of theology
• Johann Peter Andreas Müller (1744–1821), 1777 professor of logic and metaphysics, 1778 professor of theology
• Johann Jacob Prehn (1746–1802), professor of law
• Johann Christian Quistorp (1737–1795), 1772 Professor of Jurisprudence
• August Schaarschmidt (1720–1791), 1763 professor of surgery, 1776 founder of the first midwifery school in Mecklenburg
• Johannes Nikolaus Tetens (1736–1807), 1763 professor of physics and philosophy, 1765–1770 also director of education
• Eobald Toze (1715–1789), 1760–1789 professor of history
• Adolf Friedrich Trendelenburg (1737–1803), 1762 Professor of Law
• Oluf Gerhard Tychsen (1734–1815), 1763 professor for oriental languages, founder of the first public library in Mecklenburg
• Samuel Simon Witte (1738–1802), 1766 professor of natural and international law
• Gotthilf Traugott Zachariae (1729–1777), 1760 professor of theology, director of education

See also

• List of rectors at the University of Bützow

literature

• Uvo Hölscher : Documented history of the Friedrichs University Bützow. In: Yearbooks of the Association for Mecklenburg History and Archeology. Volume 50 (1885), pp. 1-110 ( full text ).
• Hans W. Barnewitz: From the Bützow student life (1760–1789). In: Mecklenburgische Monatshefte . Volume 6 (1930), Issue 2, pp. 65-69 ( digitized version ).
• Matthias Asche : From the rich Hanseatic citizen university to the poor Mecklenburg state university. The regional and social visitor profile of the universities of Rostock and Bützow in the early modern period (1500–1800). Stuttgart 1999. ISBN 3-515-07255-1 .
• Günter Camenz: The Ducal, Friedrichs University and Pedagogy to Bützow in Mecklenburg. Bützow 2004.
• Matthias Asche: The Mecklenburg University of Bützow (1760–1789) - just a curiosity in German university history? Attempt at a historical reinterpretation. In: Jahrbuch für Universitätsgeschichte 9. (2006), pp. 133–147.
• Jürgen Hamel : The Bützow University Observatory - history, structure, instruments and staff. In: Contributions to the history of astronomy. Volume 11. Frankfurt a. M. 2011 ( Acta Historica Astronomiae 43), pp. 181-207.

Web links

Commons : Universität Bützow  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

• Literature about the University of Bützow in the state bibliography MV
• Literature about members of the teaching staff in the state bibliography MV

Individual evidence

1. ↑ matrikel.uni-rostock.de

Coordinates: 53 ° 50 ′ 49.7 "  N , 11 ° 58 ′ 35.8"  E