Straelen
| coat of arms | Germany map | |
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Coordinates: 51 ° 27 ' N , 6 ° 16' E |
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| Basic data | ||
| State : | North Rhine-Westphalia | |
| Administrative region : | Dusseldorf | |
| Circle : | Kleve | |
| Height : | 35 m above sea level NHN | |
| Area : | 74.04 km 2 | |
| Residents: | 16,257 (Dec. 31, 2019) | |
| Population density : | 220 inhabitants per km 2 | |
| Postal code : | 47638 | |
| Primaries : | 02834, 02839 | |
| License plate : | KLE, GEL | |
| Community key : | 05 1 54 052 | |
| LOCODE : | DE SRN | |
City administration address : |
Rathausstrasse 1 47638 Straelen |
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| Website : | ||
| Mayor : | Hans-Josef Linßen ( CDU ) | |
| Location of the city of Straelen in the Kleve district | ||
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The city of Straelen (High German pronunciation ['ʃtra: lən] with Dehnungs -e , Limburg / Kleverland pronunciation [ˈstra: lə] ) is located on the Lower Rhine on the Dutch border near Venlo in the west of the state of North Rhine-Westphalia and is a district city of District of Kleve in the administrative district of Düsseldorf .
geography
Urban area
Spatially, the urban area of Straelen is divided into the districts of Vorst , Auwel-Holt , Sang, Bormig , Zand, Broekhuysen , Boekholt , Hetzert, Vossum, Brüxken , Dam, Rieth , Kastanienburg, Westerbroek and Herongen .
Neighboring municipalities / cities
The city of Straelen borders the city of Geldern in the north, the municipalities of Kerken and Wachtendonk in the east, the city of Nettetal ( district of Viersen ) in the south and the city of Venlo ( Limburg province , NL ) in the west .
history
prehistory
Neolithic flint tools are the first human evidence in the area of today's Straelen. The first permanent settlements about one kilometer from today's city center can be assumed for the time of the Lower Rhine burial mound.
Excavations between 1898 and 1905 also unearthed Roman graves from the 1st to early 3rd century AD. The Roman road between Xanten and Tongeren in Belgium and two side roads led through what is now the city.
South of Straelen, in the direction of Sang, finds from an early medieval burial ground were recovered in the middle of the 19th century, which can be dated to around AD 600. A connection with the later city of Straelen is also unclear here because of the distance.
First mentions of Straelen
In 899, today's Herongen district was first mentioned in a document as villa Heringa . The oldest archaeological evidence for the core of Straelen is a stone hall church from the 10th century, a predecessor of the Catholic parish church of St. Peter and Paul . In early documents from the period from 1063 to 1075, Straelen is first mentioned under the name strala and the church is also mentioned. These documents show that a Count Bruno von Heimbach and a Countess Irmentrudis von Aspel had the manorial rule over Straelen until 1063 . About the Archbishop of Cologne Anno II. And Hermann III. The manor was gradually transferred to Siegburg Abbey until 1096 . The monastery remained the landlord of Straelen until its dissolution in 1802. For the year 1118 the first bailiffs for Straelen and thus the connection to the Geldrischen count house are documented.
The "City of Straelen" in the Middle Ages and the early modern period
In 1342 Straelen, with an estimated 200 to 300 inhabitants, was first referred to as a city (“stat”). In a document from 1395 Straelen is called "village" again, but receives a privilege from Duke Wilhelm that suggests a more urban character: the expansion of the fortifications. A market has also been occupied since 1399/1400 and three of the four city gates are mentioned as early as 1406. In 1428, the Geldrian Duke Arnold von Egmond Straelen officially granted city rights.
Around 1400 work began on the new hall church of St. Peter and Paul, which still dominates the cityscape today . The church has had its characteristic appearance since the end of the 15th century. In 1420 the monastery of St. Agnes and Cäcilia was founded, after which today's monastery street is named. A town hall is also documented for the first time in 1523.
The district of Zand was the scene of the battle of Straelen in 1468 , which took place between the dukes Johann I von Kleve and the later victor Adolf von Geldern . The latter donated the monastery Mariensande or Zandt , an order of knights and the knight memorial Sterk Helmes as thanks for the victory .
As a result of the Third War of the Geldr Succession , the Duchy of Geldern lost its independence with the Venlo Tractate in 1543 and Straelen came under the Spanish-Habsburg crown with the upper quarters.
After the conquest of Straelen by the States General (1632) and the Spanish reconquest (1635), the fortress was finally razed in 1672 . According to the Treaty of Utrecht , Straelen became part of Prussia in 1713 .
Loss of city rights: Straelen in the 19th century
In 1794 the left Lower Rhine was occupied by Napoleonic troops. In 1802 the rulership of the Siegburg Abbey over Straelen ended. From then until 1814 Straelen was part of the French Republic and later the French Empire . During this time Straelen was revoked its city rights.
The " Mairie Straelen" was one of eight mayorships in the Canton Wankum, Arrondissement de Clèves of the Département de la Roer . Under French rule, the monasteries of St. Agnes and Cäcilia and the Mariensande monastery were dissolved, construction of the northern canal began and the “Venlo-Straelen-Geldern-Wesel” road, the forerunner of the B 58, was laid.
In 1815 at the Congress of Vienna , the entire Lower Rhine area was added to the Kingdom of Prussia . In the course of the Prussian administrative organization on April 23, 1816, Straelen and other places were added to the district of Geldern , one of over 40 districts of the province of Jülich-Kleve-Berg , which later became the Rhine province .
On December 31, 1878, Straelen was connected to the rail network with the opening of the Wesel-Geldern-Straelen-Venlo line of the Cologne-Mindener Eisenbahn-Gesellschaft . In 1901 it was connected to the Geldern circuit (see also: section traffic ).
From farming village to “city of flowers”: Straelen in the 20th and 21st centuries
In 1928 - to mark the 500th anniversary of the city's elevation - Straelen was formally re-granted city rights.
The founding of the fruit and vegetable cultivation association in 1910 and the first auction of fruit, vegetables and eggs in 1914 have shaped Straelen to this day. Since 1953, the focus has been on growing flowers, thus shaping the image of Straelen as a “city of flowers”.
The city of Straelen in its current form was created on July 1, 1969 during the first municipal reorganization program in North Rhine-Westphalia . The previously independent municipality of Herongen was merged with the city of Straelen.
On January 1, 1975, in the course of the second reorganization program, the old district of Kleve was merged with the former district of Geldern and parts of the districts of Moers and Rees to form the new Lower Rhine greater district of Kleve, to which the city still belongs unchanged.
On April 14, 1970, the City Council of Straelen determined that “the city center, which has grown historically, no longer complies with the general requirements for healthy living and working conditions due to its existing buildings and other conditions” and declared the city center of Straelen, the interior the ramparts to the redevelopment area . I.a. The redevelopment of the city center began in the mid-1970s with the redevelopment section “Straelen-Markt” with the objectives of “preserving the historical floor plan”, “taking into account the proportions of the existing facades and roofs” and “preserving historic buildings and facades” . The sections "Straelen-Südwall", "Straelen-Ost" and "Straelen-West" followed. The city center redevelopment lasted until the 1990s.
In 2005 Straelen was awarded gold in the competition “ Our city is in bloom ”.
Population development
The data from 1975 onwards refer to the current area of the city of Straelen (i.e. with Herongen), up to and including 1969 to the city area before the municipal reorganization (i.e. without Herongen).
| year | population |
|---|---|
| 1945 | 5,746 |
| 1950 | 8,802 |
| 1955 | 8,480 |
| 1960 | 8,504 |
| 1965 | 9,058 |
| 1969 | 9,193 |
| 1975 | 10,757 |
| 1980 | 11,544 |
| 1985 | 12,210 |
| 1990 | 12,927 |
| 1995 | 14,511 |
| 2000 | 15,389 |
| 2005 | 15,580 |
| 2011 | 15,411 |
| 2015 | 15,641 |
| 2017 | 16,020 |
politics
City council
The City Council of Straelen consists of a total of 32 members. Since the last local elections on May 25, 2014 , the individual parties and groups have been represented in the city council as follows:
| Party / group | CDU | SPD | FW-BfS | GO / Greens | FDP | total |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Seats | 17th | 6th | 4th | 3 | 2 | 32 seats |
In 2003 former members of the Greens founded the Green Opposition Straelen (GOS) . After a new local association of Bündnis 90 / Die Grünen was formed shortly before the local elections in 2009 , efforts were made to work together and a joint parliamentary group was formed in 2010. Before the local elections in 2014, the union followed as an independent community of voters GO / Greens .
On July 1, 2012, the Citizens for Straelen parliamentary group (Free Voters) was formed , which was initially represented with 2 seats in the City Council of Straelen. It consisted of a former parliamentary group member of the FDP and the GO Straelen. Under the name of Free Voters - Citizens for Straelen e. V. (short: FW-BfS) was also run in the 2014 municipal elections.
mayor
In the 2014 local elections , Hans-Josef Linßen was elected Mayor of Straelen. He received 56.1% of the vote. 16.58% of the votes went to Falko Schuster (SPD), 14.53% to Kirsten Meyn (joint nomination by FDP and GO / Greens) and 12.78% to Michael Traurig (Free Voters - Citizens for Straelen e.V.) .
MPs
Members of the Bundestag are the directly elected Stefan Rouenhoff (CDU) and Barbara Hendricks (SPD) , who was elected via the relevant lists . Margret Voßeler (CDU) is a member of the state parliament .
Town twinning
Straelen is twinned with the French community of Bayon in Lorraine (since 1963) and with the Polish community of Strzelin in Lower Silesia . There are also friendly relations with Bützow in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania .
Culture and sights
Buildings
City center
- Church of St. Peter and Paul , the most outstanding building is in the city center.
Surrounding area
- Manors and castles, along the Niers , which formed the natural border between different territories:
- House Caen
- House Coull
- House Eyll
- House Vlassrath
- The Paesmühle manor on Moelenbeek, near the valley of the seven springs, was only built in 1923
- Ruins of the Venlo-Herongen Air Base from the Second World War
European College of Translators
The European College of Translators, founded in 1978, made Straelen known in the literary world. The EÜK has the world's first and largest special library for literary and non-fiction translators for various languages and literatures.
sport and freetime
Table tennis club TTC Straelen / Wachtendonk 1980
The table tennis club Straelen-Wachtendonk was founded as early as 1980 , initially as TTC Straelen / Herongen. The club later merged with table tennis departments from sports clubs in the surrounding towns and received its name, which is still valid today, TTC Straelen-Wachtendonk 1980 e. V. Thus, the club is the sporting home for table tennis players and prospective table tennis players from Straelen, Wachtendonk , Wankum , Herongen and the surrounding area.
Sports club 19 Straelen e. V.
The SV Straelen is the largest sports club in the city. It offers an extensive sports program for all age groups, which covers popular, health and competitive sports. Its sports facilities include a sports field, swimming pool and four multi-purpose halls. The SV 19 teams are particularly successful in tournaments, especially in football and handball.
Sportfreunde Broekhuysen 1959
The Sportfreunde Broekhuysen are a football club from the Broekhuysen district. In recent years, the first team has been promoted several times and played in the 2014/15 season together with SV Straelen, with which there is a sporting rivalry, in the state league, but was relegated twice in a row and played from the 2017/18 season back in the district league. The second team plays in the district league B, the third in the district league C. In addition to the men's teams, there are also girls' / women's teams. The club has experienced an upswing in recent years and has youth teams of all ages. The game is played on the Op den Boekel sports field (grass and ash pitches).
Other sports clubs
SC Blau-Weiß Auwel-Holt, Schachclub Straelen 1956, sports club “Blau-Weiß” 1910 Herongen and tennis club “Blau-Weiß-Gold”.
Regular events
- Straelen city festival, every year in June / July
- Come on Huus , music festival, every summer
- Straelen Live, music event with various bands in various bars in the city center, every year at the beginning of September
- Spring and autumn fair
- Christmas market, at the beginning of Advent
- Big carnival procession in the "even" years, on the weekend before the big carnival
- City table tennis championships, last weekend before Christmas
Associations and institutions
German Red Cross
Straelen has its own local association of the German Red Cross (DRK), which was originally founded in 1934 as a readiness . The members of the local association do voluntary work and a. for blood donation campaigns , medical services , civil protection and an annual holiday camp on the island of Ameland . Furthermore, children and young people from the age of 6 are offered the opportunity to work in the Youth Red Cross .
Boys club Suure Prumme
The association was founded on April 6, 1984, initially as a get-together. Since the young “boys” enjoyed the carnival, they rehearsed a ballet performance for the local carnival society GKG Straelen for the 1986 carnival session. In the following years they performed on the surrounding carnival stages and made it to the Mecca of the Rhenish Carnival in Cologne. From 1998 to 2007 it was years since the performances in Cologne's Gürzenich or in the Sartory halls.
Comradely Lover Theater 1881 Straelen e. V.
The theater association was founded in 1881 by 23 men. The first president was Hermann op de Hipt. Since women were not tolerated on stage in the early years, the men also played all female roles. The statutes of the association from 1882 precisely stipulated the "type and nature" of the members. The further history of the association remains in the dark at first, as there was no record until November 22, 1927. In the war years, drama took a back seat. It was not until November 22, 1927 that new activities were decided at a meeting in the club's premises. The association is still active today with three new pieces (spring piece, autumn piece and Christmas fairy tale) each year. During urban events such as B. Moonlight shopping, historical events are re-enacted in costumes that are true to the original.
Straelener Platt
Stroels Ploatt and the different dialects of the surrounding villages are based on the Lower Franconian languages that were spoken at the time of the early medieval expansion of the Franks on the Lower Rhine. The dialects on the right bank of the Rhine from Emmerich to Duisburg, on the left bank of the Rhine from Kleve to the Krefeld district of Hüls (with Hölsch Plott ) are assigned to the North Lower Franconian spoken north of the Uerdinger line (also called Kleverländisch ). Stroals Ploatt shows similarities in "tone" and usage with the dialects of the nearby Dutch border area. North of the Uerdinger line, the personal pronoun “I” is pronounced as “ek” or “ekk”, as is the case in Straelen. South of this line, in southern Lower Franconia (also called East Limburg ), “isch” or “esch” is used instead. The Benrath line (maake-maache distinction) runs even further south, dividing the southern Lower Franconian from the Middle Franconian (with the Ripuarian dialects , including Kölsch ). East of Bocholt / Oberhausen also runs the unit plural line to the Westphalian . Although Platt is cultivated in clubs and dialect circles, the number of dialect speakers is constantly falling, especially among younger people. A colloquial language called Lower Rhine German is spoken more and more often - called Regiolekt by scientists .
Religions and denominations
Christianity
Roman Catholic Church
Straelen is traditionally strongly Catholic. Excavations carried out in 1978 proved the existence of a stone hall church approx. 7 by 8-10 meters in size, which presumably dates from the 10th century.
In the Catholic parish of St Peter and Paul Straelen , masses are regularly held at the following locations:
- St. Peter and Paul as the "main church"
- St. Cornelius in Broekhuysen
- St. Georg in Auwel-Holt
- Chapel of the Marienhaus Straelen
The Catholic parish of St. Marien , which otherwise only extends to Wachtendonk parish area, includes in Straelen:
- The (old and new) St. Amandus Church in Herongen
Protestant church
The first Protestant congregation in Straelen was established in 1844/45 in Straelen-Niederdorf. The Evangelical Church of Straelen / Wachtendonk is represented today with the following churches in Straelen:
- Dietrich Bonhoeffer Church
- Johannes Church in Niederdorf
New Apostolic Church
From January 1986 on there was also a New Apostolic congregation in Straelen. The consecrated rooms last used were on Venloerstraße. The last service took place here on June 18, 2014. The community of Straelen has been closed since then.
Judaism
In 2013, in memory of the Jews who were expelled, disenfranchised and murdered during the Nazi era , stumbling blocks were set in the ground near their former homes .
Economy and Infrastructure
economy
Straelen is primarily a center of agriculture and horticulture and is of supra-regional importance in the wholesale of products and in food processing. On June 4, 1914, the first German vegetable auction based on the Dutch model took place in Straelen. Almost 40 years later, in 1953, flowers were sold via an auction clock in the vegetable auction halls for the first time in Germany. The largest flower auction in Germany is currently held here every weekday. Landgard , which was formed through a merger in 2006, is now Germany's leading wholesaler of cut flowers, potted plants, fruit and vegetables with a total turnover of over 1 billion euros in 2006. Landgard buys goods from over 3,000 horticultural companies and sells them to 25,000 wholesalers Retail customers.
Well-known Straelen companies:
- Bofrost (production and marketing of frozen food)
- Bonduelle (processing of vegetables especially in canned form)
- Carl Kühne KG (a production site of the Hamburg group in Herongen; production of mustard, vinegar and canned food)
- Gartenbauzentrum Straelen (training, test and advice center for horticulture)
- Landgard (wholesale of potted plants and cut flowers as well as fruit and vegetables in Herongen)
- GasLINE GmbH & Co. KG (Germany-wide operator of a fiber optic network)
- ABECO Industrie-Computer GmbH (manufacturer and dealer of industrial PCs)
traffic
Straelen is connected to the trunk road network by the federal highway 40 ( E 34 ) in Herongen and Wankum, the federal highway 61 in Kaldenkirchen and the federal highways 58 and 221 .
The closest airports are Düsseldorf Airport and Niederrhein Airport in Weeze .
The Fietsallee cycle path on the North Canal runs through the village .
Today Straelen is no longer directly connected to a railway line. The nearest train stations are in Venlo , Nieukerk and Kaldenkirchen . A number of bus lines and taxi buses run within the city and to the neighboring municipalities . a. also cross-border to Venlo in the Netherlands, as well as to Geldern and Kempen , where there is a connection to the RE 10 trains.
There used to be a direct connection to the rail traffic of the Cologne-Mindener Eisenbahn-Gesellschaft . This route ran from Venlo in the Netherlands via Straelen, Geldern, Wesel , today's Haltern am See, to Hamburg . During the World Wars, the Straelen-Venlo section was temporarily closed and shut down in the Second World War. The last time a freight train reached Straelen station was on February 28, 1967. Straelen was also connected to the Kempen-Straelen- Kevelaer route with the Geldern circuit . In the Straelen area there were the stations Ringofen, Boekholt , Zand, Straelen I, Straelen II, Auwel, Holt and Vorst . The railway was known to the people of Straelen, especially under the nickname “The fiery Elias” : In 1928, a fire on a wagon loaded with straw lit several buildings; the Holter School burned down completely. In 1930 this line was taken over by the Krefeld Railway Company and closed two years later, in 1932.
schools
There are the following schools in Straelen:
- The Katharinenschule Straelen was created through the conversion of the Catholic elementary school for girls in 1968 as a Catholic (and co-educational ) elementary school. Since the 2009/10 school year, the former Catholic primary school in Straelen-Holt , which should have been closed due to declining registration numbers, has been integrated as a new sub-location. Since this primary school was already the successor to the Holt primary school, which was founded in 1838, the 175th anniversary of the Holt School was celebrated in July 2013.
- The Amandus School Herongen is also a primary school of the Catholic faith.
- The secondary school Straelen / Wachtendonk has existed since 2012 and is located in the former main school building and partly in the building of the adjacent grammar school. The St. Anno School fired its last year in 2017 and has been closed since then.
- The Städtische Gymnasium Straelen was founded in 1992. Initially, the lessons took place in the rooms of the St. Anno School . For the 1995/96 school year, the company moved into the newly built school building.
Personalities
Honorary citizen
- Hans Tenhaeff (1879–1955), founder of the Straelener producer auction
sons and daughters of the town
- Johannes Giesberts (1865–1938), German politician (center), member of the Reichstag and the Reich government (Reichspostminister)
- Franz Stephan Griese (1889 – approx. 1953), former Roman Catholic. Clergyman, professor of linguistics in English / French at the University of Buenos Aires
- Hermann Basten (1893–1979), local politician, mayor of the city of Straelen 1948–1968
- Matthias Hoogen (1904–1985), German politician (Center, CDU), member of the German Bundestag, Bundestag defense commissioner
- Erwin van Aaken (1904–2008), architect well-known for his numerous church buildings
- Matthias Mertens (1906–1970), Roman Catholic priest, was imprisoned in the Dachau concentration camp
- Elmar Tophoven (1923–1989), German literary translator
- Gerhard Baaken (1927–2010), historian and diplomat
- Stefan Frankewitz (1952–2013), historian and archivist
- Paul Wans (* 1957), artist, painter
- Marlis Gielen (* 1959), German theologian
- Britta Haßelmann (* 1961), politician (Alliance 90 / The Greens)
- Regina Peeters (* 1964), librarian
- Veronika Fischer (1964–2012), Lord Mayor of Mayen
- Hans Rath (* 1965), writer and screenwriter
- Bernadette Paaßen (* 1971), camerawoman
- Josef Bordat (* 1972), philosopher and publicist
- Eddie Thoneick (* 1978), house producer and DJ
Personalities who have worked on site
- Paul Heimen (1908–1978), artist
- Otto Maria Krämer (* 1964), church musician
- Martina Voss-Tecklenburg (* 1967), former player of the German national soccer team and active trainer
- Inka Grings (* 1978), former player of the German national soccer team and active trainer
literature
-
Paul Clemen : The art monuments of the Rhine province, 1. Bd, II. Abbot: The district of Geldern. Schwann, Düsseldorf 1891:
- Straelen, pp. 64-78.
- Herongen, p. 32 f.
- Stefan Frankewitz: Straelen am Niederrhein , 2nd revised edition, Neuss 1988 (= Rheinische Kunststätten, issue 147).
- City Director of the City of Straelen (Ed.) / Bernhard Keuck (Editor): 650 Years City of Straelen 1342–1992. Contributions to history. Straelen 1992 (= Historical Association for Geldern and Surroundings 93).
- Horst Glatzel with the assistance of Bernhard Keuck: Straelen 1948–1968. The term of office of the dual leadership of Mayor Hermann Basten and City Director Heinrich Glatzel. Straelen 2017 (= Straelen series 4).
Individual evidence
- ↑ Population of the municipalities of North Rhine-Westphalia on December 31, 2019 - update of the population based on the census of May 9, 2011. State Office for Information and Technology North Rhine-Westphalia (IT.NRW), accessed on June 17, 2020 . ( Help on this )
- ^ Stefan Frankewitz: Straelen am Niederrhein , 2nd revised edition, Neuss 1988 (= Rheinische Kunststätten, issue 147), p. 3.
- ^ Frank Siegmund: Merovingian time on the Lower Rhine. Rhenish excavations 34th Rheinland-Verlag, Cologne 1998, ISBN 3-7927-1247-4 , p. 428 f.
- ↑ Stefan Frankewitz: "Most beautiful community in the district of Geldern" Herongen . In: Stadtdirektor der Stadt Straelen (ed.) / Bernhard Keuck (editor): 650 years of the city of Straelen 1342–1992. Contributions to history . Straelen 1992 (= Historical Association for Geldern and Surroundings 93), p. 393.
- ^ Stefan Frankewitz : Observations in the parish church of St. Peter and Paul in Straelen on the Lower Rhine. Rhenish excavations 25. Cologne 1984, pp. 287–309.
- ↑ Erich Wisplinghoff : Documents and sources on the history of the city and abbey Siegburg Volume 1: (948) 1065-1399. Siegburg 1964, No. 18; see. Nos. 8 and 247.
- ^ Stefan Frankewitz: Straelen in the high Middle Ages . In: Stadtdirektor der Stadt Straelen (ed.) / Bernhard Keuck (editor): 650 years of the city of Straelen 1342–1992. Contributions to history . Straelen 1992 (= Historical Association for Geldern and Surroundings 93), p. 22f.
- ^ Stefan Frankewitz: Straelen in the high Middle Ages . In: Stadtdirektor der Stadt Straelen (ed.) / Bernhard Keuck (editor): 650 years of the city of Straelen 1342–1992. Contributions to history . Straelen 1992 (= Historical Association for Geldern and Surroundings 93), p. 24.
- ^ Stefan Frankewitz: 650 years of the city of Straelen . In: Stadtdirektor der Stadt Straelen (ed.) / Bernhard Keuck (editor): 650 years of the city of Straelen 1342–1992. Contributions to history . Straelen 1992 (= Historical Association for Geldern and Surroundings 93), p. 30.
- ^ Stefan Frankewitz: Straelen am Niederrhein , 2nd revised edition, Neuss 1988 (= Rheinische Kunststätten, issue 147), p. 6.
- ^ Stefan Frankewitz: Straelen am Niederrhein , 2nd revised edition, Neuss 1988 (= Rheinische Kunststätten, issue 147), p. 7.
- ^ Heinrich Schroers: The battle near the monastery Zandt near Straelen / in: Der Niederrhein / 1878 / p. 130.
- ^ Stefan Frankewitz: Straelen am Niederrhein , 2nd revised edition, Neuss 1988 (= Rheinische Kunststätten, issue 147), p. 7.
- ^ City director of the city of Straelen (ed.) / Bernhard Keuck (editor): 650 years of the city of Straelen 1342–1992. Contributions to history . Straelen 1992 (= Historical Association for Geldern and Surroundings 93), p. 444.
- ↑ Cf. Günter Voelz: Die Mairie Straelen 1794-1814 . In: Stadtdirektor der Stadt Straelen (ed.) / Bernhard Keuck (editor): 650 years of the city of Straelen 1342–1992. Contributions to history . Straelen 1992 (= Historical Association for Geldern and Surroundings 93), p. 205.
- ^ City director of the city of Straelen (ed.) / Bernhard Keuck (editor): 650 years of the city of Straelen 1342–1992. Contributions to history . Straelen 1992 (= Historical Association for Geldern and Surroundings 93), p. 444.
- ↑ Lothar Riedel: The Geldern circular path. The traffic history of the narrow-gauge small railway Kempen - Straelen - Kevelaer . Geldern 1989 (= publications of the Historical Association for Geldern and Surroundings 90), p. 14.
- ^ City director of the city of Straelen (ed.) / Bernhard Keuck (editor): 650 years of the city of Straelen 1342–1992. Contributions to history . Straelen 1992 (= Historical Association for Geldern and Surroundings 93), 445.
- ↑ Martin Bünermann: The communities of the first reorganization program in North Rhine-Westphalia . Deutscher Gemeindeverlag, Cologne 1970, p. 79 .
- ^ Willi Weikamp: The redevelopment of the city center of Straelen . In: Stadtdirektor der Stadt Straelen (ed.) / Bernhard Keuck (editor): 650 years of the city of Straelen 1342–1992. Contributions to history . Straelen 1992 (= Historical Association for Geldern and Surroundings 93), p. 417.
- ^ Willi Weikamp: The redevelopment of the city center of Straelen . In: Stadtdirektor der Stadt Straelen (ed.) / Bernhard Keuck (editor): 650 years of the city of Straelen 1342–1992. Contributions to history . Straelen 1992 (= Historical Association for Geldern and Surroundings 93), p. 423f.
- ^ Willi Weikamp: The redevelopment of the city center of Straelen . In: Stadtdirektor der Stadt Straelen (ed.) / Bernhard Keuck (editor): 650 years of the city of Straelen 1342–1992. Contributions to history . Straelen 1992 (= Historical Association for Geldern and Surroundings 93), pp. 417–441.
- ↑ Population of all municipalities in North Rhine-Westphalia from December 31, 1962 at the end of each year according to the current territorial status
- ^ Horst Glatzel with the help of Bernhard Keuck: Straelen 1948–1968. The term of office of the dual leadership of Mayor Hermann Basten and City Director Heinrich Glatzel . Straelen 2017 (= Straelener Schriftenreihe 4), p. 64.
- ↑ Council election 2014, overall results available at: Archived copy ( Memento of the original from June 30, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. .
- ↑ Composition of the council as a result of the 2014 local elections, available at: Archived copy ( Memento of the original from June 30, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Overall results of the mayoral election available at: Archived copy ( memento of the original from June 30, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Comradely Lover Theater 1881 Straelen e. V.
- ↑ Internet portal of the LVR: Rhenish subjects and explanation of the dialect boundaries ( Memento of the original from May 3, 2012 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Website accessed October 10, 2013
- ↑ Internet portal of the LVR: Comments on the subject of Regiolekt in the Rhineland ( Memento of the original from June 20, 2012 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Website accessed October 10, 2013
- ^ Stefan Frankewitz: Straelen am Niederrhein , 2nd revised edition, Neuss 1988 (= Rheinische Kunststätten, issue 147), p. 8.
- ↑ Archived copy ( Memento of the original dated February 14, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Website accessed July 15, 2014.
- ↑ http://www.st-marien-wwh.de/ Website accessed on July 15, 2014.
- ^ City director of the city of Straelen (ed.) / Bernhard Keuck (editor): 650 years of the city of Straelen 1342–1992. Contributions to history . Straelen 1992 (= Historical Association for Geldern and Surroundings 93), p. 444.
- ↑ http://www.ekir.de/straelen/ Website accessed on July 15, 2014.
- ↑ http://www.nak-niederrhein.de/site/startseite/gemeinden/straelen_lossen/ Website accessed on July 15, 2014.
- ↑ Stumbling blocks remind of Jews in Straelen. Rheinische Post , regional edition, by Michael Klatt, December 12, 2013. Some pictures can be viewed in the city archive on site. City Archives. There is also a .pdf page "Jews in Straelen", by Bernhard Keuck, about Jews in Straelen during the Shoah period and survivors up to the 1970s, accessible online under the menu item "Archive"
- ↑ Bernhard Keuck : Straelener railway history . In: Stadtdirektor der Stadt Straelen (ed.) / Bernhard Keuck (editor): 650 years of the city of Straelen 1342–1992. Contributions to history. Straelen 1993 (= Historical Association for Geldern and Surroundings 93), pp. 245–265.
- ↑ http://www.katharinenschule-straelen.de/seite/108434/unsere_schule.html Website accessed on July 15, 2014.
- ↑ cf. http://www.rp-online.de/nrw/staedte/geldern/grundschule-holt-vor-dem-aus-aid-1.991589 Website accessed on July 15, 2014.
- ↑ http://www.straelen.de/de/einrichtungen/katharinenschule-katholische-grundschule-standort-straelen-holt/ Website accessed on July 15, 2014.
- ↑ http://www.rp-online.de/nrw/staedte/geldern/die-holter-fiegen-ihre-grundschule-aid-1.3536241 Website accessed on July 15, 2014.
- ↑ http://www.amandusschule.de/1.html Website accessed on July 15, 2014.
- ↑ Secondary school in Straelen / Wachtendonk. Retrieved May 27, 2018 .
- ^ RP ONLINE: Wachtendonk: St. Anno was "a good school". Retrieved May 27, 2018 .
- ↑ https://www.gym-straelen.de/unsere-schule/das-gymnasium/unsere-schule/ , websites accessed on May 26, 2017.
- ^ Michael Klatt: Hans Tenhaeff: The horticultural organizer. Rheinische Post, July 26, 2010, accessed on March 25, 2016 .
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