Walther Hubatsch

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Walther Hubatsch

Carl Walther Hubatsch (born May 17, 1915 in Königsberg i. Pr. , † December 29, 1984 in Bad Godesberg ) was a German historian .

Life

He came from a Saxon - Lausitz family who lived in the third generation in East Prussia . His grandfather Johann Hubatsch was editor-in-chief of the Tilsiter Allgemeine Zeitung . The father was a railway official and served as a four-year-old volunteer in the Imperial Navy . Hubatsch grew up in Tilsit , where he attended the Royal Litthau Provincial School. After graduating from high school, he did a half-year voluntary student labor service with flood work in the Memel Delta and served in the training battalion of Infantry Regiment 1 in Tilsit in 1934/35 . Then he began to study history, German and geography at the Albertus University in Königsberg . Semesters at the Ludwig Maximilians University in Munich (art history) and the University of Hamburg (geography) followed. Finally at the Georg-August-Universität Göttingen , he met Karl Brandi , Percy Ernst Schramm and Siegfried A. Kaehler . Under their impression, he decided to make history his profession. In 1939 he passed the state examination in history in Göttingen.

He then worked for a short time at the Reich Institute for the History of the New Germany , headed by Walter Frank and Erich Botzenhart . From 1939 to 1944 Hubatsch was used as an officer in the 61st Infantry Division on the Western and Eastern Fronts , among others . He was promoted to first lieutenant in the reserve and awarded the Iron Cross 1st and 2nd class. Presumably by Kaehler, Hubatsch was placed in 1943/44 as an employee of Percy Ernst Schramm in the war diary of the Wehrmacht High Command . While short front holidays he was in 1941 with a thesis on Kaehler to Dr. phil. PhD. Hubatsch was then a research assistant in Göttingen until 1943. The habilitation thesis was also created by Kaehler.

After the Second World War he was a private lecturer in Göttingen until 1949 . He was then associate professor in Göttingen until 1956 and from 1956 at the Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität in Bonn. In 1954, Hubatsch held a guest lecture as a professor in Göttingen at the Martin Luther University in Halle-Wittenberg . He spoke on the subject of Germany after the Thirty Years' War . In 1955/56 he was a lecturer at the Faculty of Natural Sciences and Humanities at the Clausthal Mining Academy . In 1959, Hubatsch was appointed full professor of medieval and modern history in Bonn; he was also co-director of the history seminar. In 1983 he retired. He was also visiting professor in Kansas in 1960, Uppsala in 1964 and Cambridge in 1980. His academic students include Jörg Duppler , Iselin Gundermann , Benno von Knobelsdorff-Brenkenhoff , Ernst Opgenoorth , Eckardt Opitz , Michael Salewski and Udo Arnold .

Hubatsch was married and the father of four children. He died in Bad Godesberg at the age of 69.

Act

Hubatsch made scientific contacts in the GDR to Halle ( Erich Donnert ) and in Poland to Thorn ( Karol Górski ) as early as the 1950s and 1960s . He dedicated himself in particular to the military, administrative and church history of Prussia . So he wrote a description of the administration of Prussia at the time of Friedrich II. A focus for Hubatsch was the person and the work of Heinrich Friedrich Karl vom Stein . He was the editor of the second major edition of the von Stein writings. His new large stone edition comprises ten volumes. He was also the editor and initiator of the multi-volume German administrative history . In addition, Hubatsch devoted himself to the history of the Baltic Sea region from the Middle Ages to the present. There was also work on the prehistory of the First and Second World Wars and on military history.

The writing Germany and Scandinavia through the centuries (1950) made him a recognized researcher on the history of Northern Europe . From 1951 to 1958 he was editor of the Göttingen modules for historical studies , from 1957 of Bonn historical research and from 1973 of German studies . He worked lexically on the Brockhaus Encyclopedia and on the Ploetz .

His source publication Hindenburg and the State met with criticism. According to the historian Wolfgang Elz, the representation serves "a certain apologetic objective: The sources are intended to secure Hubatsch's attempted rescue of honor for Hindenburg in the extensive introductory representation and to free him from the accusation of being jointly responsible for the consequences of the appointment of Hitler as Chancellor".

He gave groundbreaking impetus to regional historical research in East and West Prussia, which was threatened by the changed borders. The Prussian State Archive in Königsberg was an essential research basis . Most of it had been relocated during the war and was located in the royal palace in Goslar with other East German archives . Hubatsch was one of the first to go there from Göttingen to roughly sift through and organize the archives. Under his participation succeeded because of connections to Norway, real on the local royal family and the related with it British royal family, the Konigsberg State Archives from management by the British occupation authorities contractually 1952 1953 in the administration of Lower Saxony as a State Archive storage Göttingen to transfer . As early as 1948, when the future of the Königsberg archives was still completely unclear, he published the Regesta historico-diplomatica Ordinis S. Mariae Theutonicorum 1198–1525 and made the most important basis for research into the Teutonic Order with the originally internal registers of the documents and the archives of the orders of Erich Joachim open to the public. In addition to the archive issue and academic teaching, there was the reorganization of the Historical Commission for East and West Prussian State Research , which had also collapsed as a result of the war in 1944. The new foundation operated Friedrich Baethgen , Kurt Forstreuter , Theodor Schieder , and - the youngest at 35 years - Walther Hubatsch. Under the chairman Erich Keyser , Hubatsch became second chairman in 1953 and played a key role in shaping this committee until he left in 1970. This included the admission of his doctoral students as members after completing their doctorate.

Hubatsch also gave radio lectures and devoted himself to documentary film as a historical source. He founded the Institute for Scientific Film in Göttingen with Percy Ernst Schramm and Wilhelm Treue .

Memberships

Honors

Fonts (selection)

  • Germany and Northern Europe in Modern History. Lecture at the history seminar of the University of Göttingen, May 7, 1944. In the Hubatsch estate according to Christoph Cornelißen .
  • Russia's urge to northern Europe. Lecture at the history seminar of the University of Göttingen, July 1944. In the Hubatsch estate according to Christoph Cornelißen.
  • Under the spell of the Baltic Sea. Outline of a history of the Baltic countries in their mutual relations . Elwert-Gräfe & Unzer, Marburg 1948.
  • (Ed.) Regesta historico-diplomatica Ordinis S. Mariae Theutonicorum, 1198–1525 , arr . with the participation of numerous others by Erich Joachim †, Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, Göttingen 1948–1965.
  • The Germans and the North . O. Schwartz, Göttingen 1951.
  • with Martin Gerhardt: Germany and Scandinavia through the centuries . Röhrscheid, Bonn 1950. (2nd edition 1977).
  • 61st Infantry Division. Battle and sacrifice of East Prussian soldiers . Podzun, Kiel 1952.
  • The German occupation of Denmark and Norway in 1940. Represented according to official documents (= Göttingen Contributions for Contemporary Issues . Volume 5). Musterschmidt, Göttingen 1952. (2nd edition 1960: Weser exercise ).
  • Cornerstone of Europe. Problems of the Prussia in a historical perspective . Quelle & Meyer, Heidelberg 1953.
  • Sources on the history of the Teutonic Order (= collection of sources on cultural history . Volume 5). Musterschmidt, Göttingen a. a. 1954.
  • The Tirpitz era. Studies on German naval policy 1890–1918 (= Göttingen building blocks for historical science . Volume 21). Musterschmidt, Göttingen a. a. 1955.
  • The German Order and the Reichslehnschaft over Cyprus . Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, Göttingen 1955.
  • Unrest in the north. Studies on German-Scandinavian history . Musterschmidt, Göttingen a. a. 1956.
  • The admiralty staff and the highest naval authorities in Germany 1848–1945. Presented using the official files . Verlag für Wehrwesen Bernard & Graefe, Frankfurt am Main 1958.
  • Albrecht of Brandenburg-Ansbach. Grand Master of the Teutonic Order and Duke in Prussia 1490–1568 (= Studies on the History of Prussia . Volume 8). Quelle & Meyer, Heidelberg 1960.
  • Hohenzollern in German history . Athenäum Verlag, Frankfurt am Main u. a. 1961.
  • The Age of Absolutism 1600–1789 . Westermann, Braunschweig 1962. (4th edition 1975).
  • with Percy Ernst Schramm : The German military leadership in the turn of the war (= publications of the working group for research of the state of North Rhine-Westphalia . Issue 118). Westdeutscher Verlag, Cologne a. a. 1964.
  • Montfort and the formation of the Teutonic Order State in the Holy Land . Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, Göttingen 1966.
  • Hindenburg and the State. From the papers of the Field Marshal General and Reich President from 1878 to 1934 . Musterschmidt, Göttingen a. a. 1966.
  • History of the Protestant Church in East Prussia . 3 volumes, Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, Göttingen 1968.
  • Frederick the Great and the Prussian Administration (= Studies on the History of Prussia . Volume 18). Grote, Cologne a. a. 1973, ISBN 3-7745-0297-8 .
  • Germany between the Thirty Years War and the French Revolution . Ullstein, Frankfurt am Main a. a. 1974, ISBN 3-548-03850-6 .
  • The Stein-Hardenberg reforms (= income from research . Volume 65). Scientific Book Society, Darmstadt 1977, ISBN 3-534-05357-5 .
  • The Freiherr vom Stein and England . Grote, Cologne 1977, ISBN 3-7745-6402-7 .
  • Early modern times and the Reformation in Germany . Ullstein, Frankfurt am Main a. a. 1981, ISBN 3-548-03859-X .
  • Basic lines of Prussian history. Royalty and state formation 1701–1871 . Scientific Book Society, Darmstadt 1983, ISBN 3-534-06747-9 .

editor

  • European letters in the age of the Reformation. 200 letters to Margrave Albrecht von Brandenburg-Ansbach, Duke in Prussia . Holzner, Kitzingen 1949.
  • The fate of the German past. Contributions to the historical interpretation of the last 150 years . Droste, Düsseldorf 1950. [Festschrift for Siegfried A. Kaehler].
  • with others: German universities and colleges in the east. Cologne-Opladen 1964.
  • Effects of the German Reformation until 1555 (= ways of research . Volume 203). Scientific Book Society, Darmstadt 1967.
  • The first German fleet, 1848–1853 . Mittler, Herford u. a. 1981, ISBN 3-8132-0124-4 .

literature

  • Michael Epkenhans : Walter Görlitz and Walther Hubatsch: On the beginnings and problems of military historiography in the early Federal Republic . In: Hans Ehlert (Ed.): German military historians from Hans Delbrück to Andreas Hillgruber (= Potsdam writings on military history . Volume 9). On behalf of the German Commission for Military History and the Military History Research Office . MGFA, Potsdam 2010, pp. 53-68.
  • Iselin Gundermann: For him, history was indivisible. Professor Dr. Walther Hubatsch died on December 29, 1984 . In: Old Prussian Gender Studies, NF Vol. 32/33 (1984/85) Vol. 15, pp. 339-340.
  • Iselin Gundermann: Obituary Walter Hubatsch (May 17, 1915– December 29, 1984) . In: Yearbook for Berlin-Brandenburg Church History , Volume 55 (1985), pp. 275-278.
  • Iselin Gundermann: Walther Hubatsch † . In: Oswald Hauser (Ed.): Prussia, Europe and the Reich (= new research on Brandenburg-Prussian history . Volume 7). Böhlau, Cologne a. a. 1987, ISBN 3-412-05186-1 , pp. 385-394.
  • Walter Habel (Ed.): Who is who? The German who's who . 23rd edition, Schmidt-Römhild, Lübeck 1984, ISBN 3-7950-2004-2 , p. 559.
  • Bernd Haunfelder : North Rhine-Westphalia - Land and People, 1946–2006. A biographical manual . Aschendorff, Münster 2006, ISBN 3-402-06615-7 , p. 224.
  • Walther Hubatsch: Stone Studies. The Prussian reforms of the baron Karl vom Stein between revolution and restoration (= studies on the history of Prussia . Volume 25). Grote, Cologne a. a. 1975, ISBN 3-7745-6336-5 [On the 60th birthday of Walther Hubatsch on May 17, 1975 by his friends and students].
  • Frank-Lothar Kroll : Walther Hubatsch and the Prussian history. In: Hans-Christof Kraus (Hrsg.): The subject of “Prussia” in science and science policy before and after 1945. Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 2013 (= research on Brandenburg and Prussian history . Supplement, NF, 12), ISBN 978- 3-428-14045-9 , pp. 435-461.
  • Konrad Repgen , Michael Salewski , Ernst Opgenoorth : In memoriam Walther Hubatsch. Speeches held on November 21, 1985 at the academic commemoration of the Philosophical Faculty of the Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn (= Alma mater . 61). Bouvier. Bonn 1986, ISBN 3-416-09156-6 .
  • Gotthold Rhode : Walther Hubatsch, 1915–1984 . In: Zeitschrift für Ostforschung , Volume 34 (1985), pp. 321-329.
  • Michael Salewski, Josef Schröder (Ed.): Service for history. Commemorative letter for Walther Hubatsch. May 17, 1915 to December 29, 1984 . Muster-Schmidt, Göttingen 1985, ISBN 3-7881-1740-0 .
  • Walther Hubatsch , in: Internationales Biographisches Archiv 11/1985 of March 4, 1985, in the Munzinger archive ( beginning of article freely available)
  • Hubatsch, Carl Walther . In: East German Biography (Kulturportal West-Ost)

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c Iselin Gundermann: Walther Hubatsch † . In: Oswald Hauser (Ed.): Prussia, Europe and the Reich (= new research on Brandenburg-Prussian history . Volume 7). Böhlau, Cologne a. a. 1987, ISBN 3-412-05186-1 , pp. 385-394, here: p. 385.
  2. ↑ a b c d Michael Epkenhans : Walter Görlitz and Walther Hubatsch. On the beginnings and problems of military historiography in the early Federal Republic . In: Hans Ehlert (Ed.): German military historians from Hans Delbrück to Andreas Hillgruber (= Potsdam writings on military history . Volume 9). On behalf of the German Commission for Military History and the Military History Research Office . MGFA, Potsdam 2010, pp. 53–68, here: p. 56.
  3. ↑ a b c Michael Epkenhans : Walter Görlitz and Walther Hubatsch. On the beginnings and problems of military historiography in the early Federal Republic . In: Hans Ehlert (Ed.): German military historians from Hans Delbrück to Andreas Hillgruber (= Potsdam writings on military history . Volume 9). On behalf of the German Commission for Military History and the Military History Research Office . MGFA, Potsdam 2010, pp. 53–68, here: p. 57.
  4. ↑ a b c d e Walther Hubatsch , in Internationales Biographisches Archiv 11/1985 of March 4, 1985, in the Munzinger Archive ( beginning of article freely available)
  5. ↑ Dissertation: The German-Scandinavian relationship within the framework of European great power politics .
  6. ↑ Martin Luther University strengthens contact with West German scientists . In: Neues Deutschland , February 6, 1955, p. 7.
  7. ↑ Michael Salewski , Josef Schröder (ed.): Service for history. Commemorative letter for Walther Hubatsch. May 17, 1915 to December 29, 1984 . Muster-Schmidt, Göttingen 1985, ISBN 3-7881-1740-0 , p. Xxiv.
  8. ^ Wolfgang Elz: Weimar Republic, National Socialism, Second World War (1919–1945). Second part. Personal sources. (= Source studies on German history in modern times from 1500 to the present . Volume 6). Scientific Book Society, Darmstadt 2003, ISBN 3-534-07659-1 , p. 8.
  9. ↑ Christoph Cornelißen: The "Weser Exercise" in the mirror of popular and scientific historiography . In Robert Bohn ; Christoph Cornelißen ; Karl Christian Lammers (Ed.): Politics of the past and cultures of remembrance in the shadow of the Second World War. Germany and Scandinavia since 1945. Klartext, Essen 2009, ISBN 978-3-89861-988-2 , p. 147 ff.
  10. ↑ Christoph Cornelißen: The "Weser Exercise" in the mirror of popular and scientific historiography . In Robert Bohn; Christoph Cornelißen; Karl Christian Lammers (Ed.): Politics of the past and cultures of remembrance in the shadow of the Second World War. Germany and Scandinavia since 1945. Klartext, Essen 2009, ISBN 978-3-89861-988-2 , p. 149.
personal data
SURNAME Hubatsch, Walther
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Hubatsch, Carl Walther (full name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German historian
DATE OF BIRTH May 17, 1915
PLACE OF BIRTH Koenigsberg i. Pr.
DATE OF DEATH December 29, 1984
Place of death bad Godesberg