Berlin-Plötzensee
Plötzensee is a locality in the Berlin district of Charlottenburg-Nord ( Charlottenburg-Wilmersdorf district ). The name is known for penal institutions, especially for the executions during the time of National Socialism in what was then Plötzensee prison .
location
At the time of its incorporation into Berlin in 1920, the former Plötzensee estate comprised the area around the Plötzensee prison between the Berlin-Spandau shipping canal and today's Friedrich-Olbricht-Damm . Today, the industrial park to the north and the allotments to the west are also included in Plötzensee.
The eponymous Plötzensee is now located in the neighboring district of Wedding in the Mitte district .
history
At the end of the 19th century, Plötzensee was a fiscal estate district in the Prussian administrative district of Potsdam , Niederbarnim district , north-west of Berlin on the Berlin-Spandau shipping canal and on the south-eastern edge of the Jungfernheide . The manor district also included areas south of Seestrasse , in particular the area of what is now the West Harbor .
The manor district was already connected to Berlin by a tram line that ran through Seestrasse around 1905 . A large prison for 1,500 prisoners was built north of Seestrasse between 1868 and 1879. In addition, there was an infirmary , a Magdalenenstift in Plötzensee and the Johannesstift with pedagogy , institutes for the fermentation trade , for the sugar industry and for agricultural machine technology on the later Westhafen area .
There was also a tank farm with a Waried petroleum factory on the canal . In 1905 there were 3,079 inhabitants in Plötzensee, 480 Catholics and 101 Jews .
The parts of the manor district east of the Berlin-Spandau shipping canal and south of Seestrasse were incorporated into Berlin in 1915 . As a result, the Plötzensee manor district was significantly reduced in size and since then has only comprised the prison and its immediate surroundings on an area of 52 hectares . When Greater Berlin was formed in 1920, this area was also incorporated into Berlin and mainly assigned to the Charlottenburg district . The areas that were incorporated into Berlin as early as 1915 became part of the Tiergarten and Wedding districts in 1920 .
present
The Plötzensee Memorial , which commemorates the victims of National Socialism , is located on the site of the former Plötzensee prison . With the Plötzensee correctional facility , the Charlottenburg correctional facility and the Berlin juvenile prison , there are three independent correctional facilities in Plötzensee.
On the northern edge of Plötzensee there is a larger industrial area; among other things with the company headquarters of the former airline Air Berlin . Part of the industrial area extends over the site of the former Speerplatte . There are numerous allotment gardens in the rest of the Plötzensee area . These gardens are located in a former wetland area that is drained by the Pfefferluchgraben.
Surroundings
In the west adjoining Plotzensee Paul Hertz settlement is located on Heckerdamm the community center Plotzensee the illustrations of Plötzensee Totentanz by Alfred Hrdlicka . The Maria Regina Martyrum memorial church is also located on Heckerdamm in the Paul Hertz settlement . It is the “Memorial Church of German Catholics in honor of the martyrs for freedom of belief and conscience in the years 1933–1945”. The area is considered an outstanding example of a successful unity of church building and building sculpture. The distinctive bell tower at the entrance of the cobblestone , clad in black-gray basalt pebble walls, with a bronze way of the cross and free altar by Otto Herbert Hajek consists of two concrete pillars that hold an entrance gate and the two-storey bell cage with five bells between them. On the elongated facade of the upper church is the three-part gold-plated sculpture Apocalyptic Woman by Fritz Koenig . In the indirectly lit church space there is a monumental altar painting by Georg Meistermann and a seated Madonna from southern France .
literature
- Hans-Jürgen Rach: The villages in Berlin - A manual of the former rural communities in the urban area of Berlin. Publishing house for construction, Berlin 1990.
Web links
- Plötzensee in the district lexicon of the Charlottenburg-Wilmersdorf district
Individual evidence
- ^ The living-world-oriented spaces of Charlottenburg-Wilmersdorf. (PDF; 337 kB) (No longer available online.) Statistical Office Berlin-Brandenburg, 2010, archived from the original on October 13, 2013 ; accessed on April 10, 2010 (there: description of Plötzensee planning area). Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Plötzensee . In: Meyers Großes Konversations-Lexikon . 6th edition. Volume 16, Bibliographical Institute, Leipzig / Vienna 1908, p. 45 .
- ↑ Herbert Schwenk: It hung by a thread . In: Berlin monthly magazine ( Luisenstädtischer Bildungsverein ) . Issue 6, 2000, ISSN 0944-5560 , p. 4–14 ( luise-berlin.de - here p. 11).
- ↑ a b Greater Berlin Law. April 27, 1920, see Annex II , accessed April 10, 2010 .
- ↑ Prisons in Plötzensee. In: Bezirkslexikon. District Office Charlottenburg-Wilmersdorf, accessed on April 10, 2010 .
- ↑ The Plötzenseer Totentanz by Alfred Hrdlicka. (No longer available online.) Evang. Parish of Charlottenburg-Nord, formerly in the original ; Retrieved April 10, 2010 . ( Page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Maria Regina Martyrum. Kath. Sankt-Joseph-Gemeinde, accessed April 10, 2010 .
- ↑ Maria Regina Martyrum. (No longer available online.) District Office Charlottenburg-Wilmersdorf, archived from the original on August 7, 2011 ; Retrieved April 10, 2010 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
Coordinates: 52 ° 33 ' N , 13 ° 19' E