Berlin-Charlottenburg-Nord
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Charlottenburg-Nord district of Berlin |
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| Coordinates | 52 ° 32 '20 " N , 13 ° 17' 35" E |
| surface | 6.20 km² |
| Residents | 19,597 (Dec. 31, 2019) |
| Population density | 3161 inhabitants / km² |
| Post Code | 13627 |
| District number | 0406 |
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| Administrative district | Charlottenburg-Wilmersdorf |
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Charlottenburg-Nord is a district in the Charlottenburg-Wilmersdorf district of Berlin , which mainly consists of residential areas and allotment gardens. The Charlottenburg part of the Siemensstadt housing estate , the Jungfernheide public park and the Plötzensee memorial are also located here .
geography
Geographical location
Charlottenburg-Nord lies east of the Havel and north of the Spree in the corner formed by the two rivers in the Berlin glacial valley .
Extension of the district area
Charlottenburg-Nord lies between the Hohenzollern Canal in the north and east, the Westhafen Canal ( motorway city ring , ring railway ) and the Spree in the south. In this area are the Volkspark Jungfernheide , the residential areas Charlottenburg-Nord and Paul-Hertz-Siedlung , as well as the Plötzensee location with the penal institution of the same name.
Neighboring districts
The district of Charlottenburg-Nord borders
- in the north to the district of Tegel in the Reinickendorf district ,
- in the northeast to the district of Wedding and in the southeast to the district of Moabit in the Mitte district ,
- in the south to the districts of Charlottenburg and Westend of the Charlottenburg-Wilmersdorf district
- and in the west to the Siemensstadt district of Spandau .
Locations
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Charlottenburg-North
- Charlottenburg-Nord settlement
- Jungfernheide
- Paul Hertz Estate
- Plötzensee
- Siemensstadt housing estate
history
The district was created by resolution of the district assembly on September 30, 2004.
As a settlement area, the area practically only emerged after the Second World War . Before that, it formed a continuation of the Jungfernheide with allotment gardens. On the western and northern edge there were already extensions of the factory settlements to Siemensstadt, the further expansion of which had been planned for a long time, but had not yet been realized. The prison complex had already been built on the eastern tip in the 1870s. Otherwise there were only a few subordinate commercial properties. The area was separated from the city like a peninsula by the Spree and the canals and was difficult to reach. The damp subsoil in the Spreetal made it difficult to use.
In 1953 the main roads Siemensdamm, Kurt-Schumacher-Damm and Goerdelerdamm were built. After that, the construction of the settlements began to create new living space for war-torn Berlin.
Culture and sights
Memorials
- The Plötzensee Memorial was established in 1952 according to plans by Bruno Grimmek on the grounds of the Nazi execution site in the Plötzensee prison . It recalls the 3,000 here by guillotine or strand executed men, women and young people. The Hüttigfad, the access road to the listed memorial, was named after the communist Richard Hüttig . He was the first political prisoner executed here by the Nazis in 1934.
- Maria Regina Martyrum , the “Memorial Church of German Catholics in honor of the martyrs for freedom of belief and conscience in the years 1933–1945” was built from 1960 to 1963 at Heckerdamm 230–232 according to plans by Würzburg cathedral builder Hans Skull and the architect Friedrich Ebert. The area is considered an outstanding example of a successful unity of church building and building sculpture. The distinctive bell tower at the entrance of the cobblestone, clad in black-gray basalt pebble walls, with a bronze way of the cross and free altar by Otto Herbert Hajek consists of two concrete pillars that hold an entrance gate and the two-storey bell cage with five bells between them. On the elongated facade of the upper church is the three-part gold-plated sculpture Apocalyptic Woman by Fritz Koenig . In the indirectly lit church space there is a monumental altar painting by Georg Meistermann and a seated Madonna from southern France around 1320. In 1982 a monastery of the Discalced Carmelites , the Carmel Regina Martyrum , was built right next to it. The memorial church is also the monastery church of the Carmelites.
- The community center Plötzensee with the picture cycle Plötzenseer Totentanz by Alfred Hrdlicka .
Names of streets, schools, etc.
The naming of the streets, squares, bridges and schools in Charlottenburg-Nord is also a tribute to the resistance fighters ; almost all streets are named after them. From 1950 (Hüttigpfad) and then with the construction of the settlements, with one exception (Hüttig) opponents of the regime from the bourgeois , social democratic , Christian and aristocratic environment were honored. This is related to the nearby Plötzensee execution site, where more than half of them were murdered. Before that, many streets in East Berlin had been named after resistance fighters with a communist background. There are four women among those honored. In Charlottenburg-Nord the following opponents of the Nazi regime are remembered ( † = murdered in Plötzensee): Peter Buchholz , Gustav Dahrendorf , Alfred Delp † , Elisabeth Gloeden † , Erich Gloeden † , Carl Goerdeler † , Nikolaus Groß † , Max Habermann , Hans Bernd von Haeften † , Werner von Haeften , Nikolaus Christoph von Halem , Ernst Heilmann , Paul Hertz , Caesar von Hofacker † , Richard Hüttig † , Jakob Kaiser , Johanna Kirchner † , Friedrich Karl Klausing † , Bernhard Letterhaus † , Franz Leuninger † , Bernhard Lichtenberg , Hermann Maaß † , Helmuth James Graf von Moltke † , Friedrich Olbricht , Harald Poelchau , Johannes Popitz † , Adolf Reichwein † , Ernst Schneppenhorst , Kurt Schumacher , Ludwig Schwamb † , Ulrich Wilhelm Graf Schwerin von Schwanenfeld † , Hellmuth Stieff † , Theodor Strünck , Richard Teichgräber , Maria Terwiel † , Oswald Wiersich † , Josef Wirmer † , Erwin von Witzleben † , Rudolf Wissell , Emmy Zehden † .
Buildings
Large housing estate Siemensstadt
The large Siemensstadt settlement ("Ringsiedlung") in the district west of Goebelplatz was built between 1929 and 1931 under the overall planning of Hans Scharoun .
Charlottenburg-Nord housing estate
To the east, the second expansion of the historic Siemensstadt was built between 1956 and 1961, with almost 4,000 apartments for 12,000 people. Hans Scharoun was again significantly involved in the planning. The main developers were the housing associations GSW (west of Halemweg) and Gewobag (east of Halemweg).
Paul Hertz Estate
The Paul-Hertz-Siedlung , which is again to the east , was built with almost 2,700 apartments between 1961 and 1965 according to plans by Wils Ebert , Werner Weber and Fritz Gaulke for the housing company GEWOBAG.
Spearplate
The spear slab ( 52 ° 32 ′ 41 ″ N , 13 ° 18 ′ 36 ″ E , named after the Nazi armaments minister Albert Speer ) was a 90,000 m² concrete slab erected from 1939 and used in the fleet of the former transport standard Speer of the NSKK (National Socialist Motorist Corps) served as a parking space. Barracks and bunkers were built on the site at today's Friedrich-Olbricht-Damm (architect: Carl Christoph Lörcher ). After the Second World War, the area was used as a storage area ( Senate reserve ) for 200,000 tons of coal; The barracks housed a school, a day-care center, the district homeless shelter and accommodation for refugees from Lebanon . In 1992 the concrete slab was torn down and a 16 hectare industrial area was created.
Plötzensee prison
The former Plötzensee prison is located on Friedrich-Olbricht-Damm in the Plötzensee location. It was erected from 1868 to 1872 using raw brick construction and is one of the earliest Berlin prison complexes with loose buildings. The entire complex with gatehouse, prison wings, civil servants' houses, kitchen buildings and boiler and machine house is a listed building. The asylum church is on the upper floor of the main building. The Jewish prayer house was demolished in 1939, and some buildings were destroyed in the Second World War.
During the National Socialist era , the prison served as a political prison and remand prison and as a central place of execution where around 3,000 people were killed. The Plötzensee memorial on the Hüttigpfad commemorates the victims of National Socialism.
Between 1945 and 1987, today's Plötzensee correctional facility was used as a juvenile prison . After they moved to a modern extension on Friedrich-Olbricht-Damm, it is now mostly an institution for open men’s prisons. Also in the immediate vicinity is the JVA Charlottenburg, which is initially used as a women's prison and since 1998 as an institution for closed male prison.
Public facilities
education
Elementary schools
- The Erwin von Witzleben elementary school - named after Erwin von Witzleben , one of the resistance fighters in the attack on July 20, 1944 - at Halemweg 34 was founded in April 1961. About 340 students are taught here. French can be chosen as the first foreign language, and there is also a sport-oriented train. A day care center is attached.
- The former Hermann Löns primary school on Jungfernheideweg is located in the Charlottenburg-Wilmersdorfer area, but was transferred to the Spandau district in 2006 and has been a branch of the Robert Reinick primary school since then.
- The Helmuth-James-von-Moltke-Grundschule - named after the lawyer and resistance fighter Helmuth James Graf von Moltke - at Heckerdamm 221 also offers classes with Montessori education. It is one of eleven all-day primary schools in Berlin , which guarantee reliable opening times between 7:30 a.m. and 4:00 p.m. four days a week.
High schools
- The Poelchau comprehensive school at Halemweg 24, which opened in 1973, moved to the Olympiapark in 2015 . The building, which then stood empty for a few months, is currently used as an emergency shelter for refugees.
- The Anna-Freud-Oberschule - named after the psychoanalyst Anna Freud - at Halemweg 22 is a state technical college for social affairs with an upper level (upper level center for social affairs). It was founded in 1977 and has around 950 students.
Sports facilities
Stadiums and sports fields
- Jungfernheide sports complex, Jungfernheideweg 80
- Heckerdamm sports field, Heckerdamm 206
- Volkspark Jungfernheide sports field , Jungfernheideweg 62
Outdoor pools
- Jungfernheide outdoor pool, Jungfernheideweg 60
Parks
The Volkspark Jungfernheide was designed from 1920 to 1926 on 112 hectares according to plans by the Charlottenburg garden director Erwin Barth . The work was mainly carried out by the unemployed as part of an emergency program. Due to lack of money, the work was stopped in 1927, although not all plans had yet been implemented.
traffic
- The Metro - U7 opens up the district with the stations Jungfernheide , Jakob-Kaiser-Platz and Halemweg .
- The S-Bahn ( Ringbahn ) touches the district at the Jungfernheide underground and S-Bahn station, which has also been expanded as a regional train station.
- While the 123 bus opens up the residential areas and connects them to the subway, the M21, X21, 109 and 128 buses primarily serve as feeders to Tegel Airport .
- Both the Jakob-Kaiser-Platz junction of the federal motorway 100 (city ring) and the Heckerdamm, Tegel Airport and Saatwinkler Damm junction of the A 111 are in the district.
Personalities
- Harald Poelchau , Protestant prison chaplain in the Berlin-Tegel and Berlin-Plötzensee prisons 1933–1945, member of the resistance movement and the Kreisau Circle .
special offers
The Path of Remembrance opens up the Charlottenburg-Nord memorial region between the Plötzensee memorial and the neighboring churches, which are dedicated to commemorating the resistance against the Nazi dictatorship.
See also
- List of streets and squares in Berlin-Charlottenburg-Nord
- List of cultural monuments in Berlin-Charlottenburg-Nord
- List of stumbling blocks in Berlin-Charlottenburg-Nord
literature
- Brigitte Oleschinski : German Resistance Memorial Center (Ed.): Plötzensee Memorial. 3. Edition. Berlin 1997, ISBN 3-926082-05-4 ( PDF , 2nd edition).
Web links
- District Office Charlottenburg-Wilmersdorf:
- Charlottenburg-North
- Local political walk through Charlottenburg-Nord (2001)
- Walk through the neighborhood with the district mayor (2003)
- Walk through the neighborhood with the district mayor (2005)
- Neighborhood walk with the district councilor (2007, part 1)
- Neighborhood walk with the district councilor (2007, part 2)
- Walk through the neighborhood with the City Councilor (2010)
- Neighborhood walk with the district councilor (2012)
- Walk through the neighborhood with the district mayor (2015)
- Walk through the neighborhood with the district mayor (2017)
- BVV resolution to create new districts ( Memento from May 20, 2006 in the Internet Archive )
References and comments
- ↑ Carmel Regina Martyrum
- ↑ The Plötzenseer Totentanz by Alfred Hrdlicka ( Memento of the original from December 5, 2008 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ In 1950 the already existing Heuweg in front of the execution site was renamed Hüttigpfad. On June 17, 1953 , the naming of West Berlin streets after communists was eliminated. The newly built main roads were named Kurt-Schumacher-Damm and Goerdelerdamm when they were completed in November 1953.
- ↑ The Hermann Maass Bridge is 50 meters outside the district; At a distance of 450 m from the execution site, however, it is as close as few other places considered here and cannot be missing in this context.
- ↑ Charlottenburg Monument List
- ↑ Path of Memory
