Mitte district

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Center coat of arms
Coat of arms of Berlin
Middle
1st district of Berlin
Bezirk Mitte Bezirk Friedrichshain-Kreuzberg Bezirk Pankow Bezirk Charlottenburg-Wilmersdorf Bezirk Spandau Bezirk Steglitz-Zehlendorf Bezirk Tempelhof-Schöneberg Bezirk Neukölln Bezirk Treptow-Köpenick Bezirk Marzahn-Hellersdorf Bezirk Lichtenberg Bezirk Reinickendorf BrandenburgDistricts of the Mitte district
About this picture
Coordinates 52 ° 31 ′ 0 ″  N , 13 ° 24 ′ 0 ″  E Coordinates: 52 ° 31 ′ 0 ″  N , 13 ° 24 ′ 0 ″  E.
surface 39.47 km²
Residents 385,748 (Dec. 31, 2019)
Population density 9773 inhabitants / km²
Proportion of foreigners 32.6% (Dec. 31, 2016)
Unemployment rate 9.2% (Oct. 2018)
Post Code 10115, 10117, 10119, 10178, 10179, 10551, 10553, 10555, 10557, 10559, 10785, 10787, 13347, 13349, 13351, 13353, 13355, 13357, 13359, 13407, 13409

Administration address
City Hall Tiergarten
Mathilde-Jacob-Platz 1
10551 Berlin
Website www.berlin-mitte.de
Average age 38.9 years (Dec. 31, 2016)
structure
District key 01
Structure of the district

6 districts

politics
District Mayor Stephan von Dassel ( Greens )
Deputy District Mayor Ephraim Gothe ( SPD )
Allocation of seats ( district assembly )
Green SPD left CDU AfD FDP Pirates
14th 14th 10 7th 5 3 2
Allocation of seats in the BVV

Mitte is the first administrative district of Berlin and had 385,748 inhabitants as of December 31, 2019. It is the second youngest in terms of average age in the metropolis.

The district was created in 2001 with the Berlin administrative reform by merging the previously independent districts of Wedding , Tiergarten and Mitte .

Both the seat of government and most of the constitutional organs of the Federal Republic of Germany are located in the Mitte district . The same applies to the Berlin Senate .

A large number of branches of international companies have settled in Berlin- Mitte . Global awareness is also due to numerous cultural institutions and due to its position as an incubator.

geography

Location and description

The Mitte district borders the Reinickendorf district in the north, the Pankow district in the east and the Friedrichshain-Kreuzberg district in the southeast . In the south it shares the district border with the Tempelhof-Schöneberg district and in the west it borders on the Charlottenburg-Wilmersdorf district .

Settlement structure

The majority of the district is relatively densely populated with an average population density that is twice as high as in general in Berlin. The Tiergarten district is an exception, and its population density is only half that of Berlin. The Hansaviertel is the smallest of the 96 districts in Berlin in terms of area.

Districts

It is one of two districts (next to Friedrichshain-Kreuzberg ) that consist of parts of the former East and West Berlin . In common parlance, Mitte continues to refer to today's district of Berlin-Mitte and not the new merger district.

The Mitte district is divided into six districts :

View of the district of Mitte
Wedding district
HMKW campus in Gesundbrunnen
District and locations Area (km²) Resident
December 31, 2019
Inhabitants
per km²
location
0101 center 10.70 102,465 9,576
Mitte Hansaviertel Tiergarten Moabit Wedding Gesundbrunnen BerlinDistricts of the Mitte district
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0102 Moabit 7.72 80,495 10,427
Mitte Hansaviertel Tiergarten Moabit Wedding Gesundbrunnen BerlinDistricts of the Mitte district
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0103 Hansaviertel 0.53 5,926 11,181
Mitte Hansaviertel Tiergarten Moabit Wedding Gesundbrunnen BerlinDistricts of the Mitte district
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0104 Tiergarten 5.17 14,881 2,878
Mitte Hansaviertel Tiergarten Moabit Wedding Gesundbrunnen BerlinDistricts of the Mitte district
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0105 Wedding 9.23 86,806 9,405
Mitte Hansaviertel Tiergarten Moabit Wedding Gesundbrunnen BerlinDistricts of the Mitte district
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0106 Gesundbrunnen 6.13 95,175 15,526
Mitte Hansaviertel Tiergarten Moabit Wedding Gesundbrunnen BerlinDistricts of the Mitte district
About this picture

Streets and squares

(Selection)
The Gendarmenmarkt

ecology

In the Mitte district there is an extensive network of mixed water sewers, into which household wastewater, but also rainwater from open spaces such as squares, streets and backyards, is collected and transported away. Due to the mixture of rainwater and sewage, so-called heavy rain events lead to local overloads in the sewer network, which lead to untreated mixed sewage being discharged into the Spree. The bottom of the Spree, like other inner city waters in Berlin, is also affected by deposits of bulky waste and electronic waste.

history

Spree island (yellow) on a city map from 1688

The old Berlin came at a bifurcation of the Spree , so that a shallow ford emerged with many sandbars. The first fishermen settled on a raised sandbank in the middle of the Spree (called: Fischerinsel on the Spreeinsel von Berlin) and a market town developed - at the Molkenmarkt stood the Roland von Berlin, he is now at the Märkisches Museum .

The two arms of the Spree are currently heavily rebuilt, with Museum Island in the north of the island . In the middle there used to be the Berlin City Palace (blown up in 1950) and in the same place since 1976 the Palace of the Republic , the demolition of which was finished in 2009. On the east bank of the Spree, a large square with the television tower extends to Alexanderplatz . Not far from the Fischerinsel and the Molkenmarkt are the Red Town Hall and the Nikolaiviertel with the oldest church in Berlin.

The district since 2001

The central district was created in 2001 with the Berlin administrative reform by merging the previously independent districts of Wedding , Tiergarten and Mitte .

population

Neighborhood residents on Leopoldplatz

On December 31, 2019, the Mitte district had 385,748 inhabitants on an area of ​​39.5 square kilometers. Thus, on the reference date, the population density was 9,773 inhabitants per square kilometer. On December 31, 2016, the proportion of foreigners was 32.6 percent, while the proportion of the population with a migration background was 50.8 percent on the reference date. Both values ​​were the highest in all Berlin districts . The unemployment rate amounted on 30 April 2013, 14.1 percent. As of December 31, 2016, the median age of the population was 38.9 years.

Population pyramid of the Mitte district, 2010
Population figures on December 31, 2011 and June 30, 2017
category 2001 2011 2017
German and foreign residents 318,082 333.152 373,944
Average age 39.2 39.2 38.9
German citizens (total) 232.079 241,590 251.263
German citizens without a migration background 180,775 182.734
German citizens with a migration background 060,815 068,529
Foreign nationals 086.003 091,562 122,681
Foreigners and residents with a migration background 152.377 191.210
Germans (nationals) in total 241,590 247.277
Proportion of Germans without a migration background 054.3% 048.9%
Proportion of Germans with a migration background 018.3% 018.3%
Share of residents with foreign citizenship 027.5% 032.8%
Total number of Germans with a migration background (in the district) 060,815 068,529
- * from the EU 010.187 011,711
- * from the former Yugoslavia 002,652 002,888
- * from the former Soviet Union 005,342 006.096
- * from Islamic countries 027,137 030,311
- * from Vietnam 000 856 001,068
- from the USA 000 588 000 933
Foreign residents (in the district) 091,562 122,681
- from the EU 029,282 048,688
- from the former Yugoslavia 008,900 008,821
- from the former Soviet Union 006,204 008,311
- from Islamic countries 034,960 041,287
- from Vietnam 001,296 001,458
-- from the USA 001,792 002,956

language

Over 30% of the population in the Mitte district speak 2 or more languages. Due to the high proportion of immigrant families in Berlin-Mitte, an urban ect based on the German language has developed in some districts .

economy

Of the twelve Berlin administrative districts, the Mitte district is one of the least economically developed. The GDP per inhabitant in 2018 was below the Berlin average and below the average achieved in Germany. The resident companies and businesses produce only below-average added value with their services and products and only achieve low profitability.

On the other hand, a start-up scene has developed in the district since 2000, which is attracting international talent and young entrepreneurs. Some of the most important venture capitalists in Germany are based in Berlin-Mitte.

Innovation and commercial locations

Headquarters of the Bayer Pharmaceuticals Division

There are three larger industrial and commercial areas in the district:

Moabit-West: A large number of small and medium-sized businesses have settled on the 43  hectare area between Sickingenstrasse and Huttenstrasse. However, the location is primarily characterized by large-scale operations such as Siemens, which produces gas turbines there for the world market. To the north of the S-Bahn ring is the Berlin wholesale market with the Fruchthof Berlin and the Westhafen.

Fennstrasse: The site is around 14 hectares and is located on Fennstrasse and Sellerstrasse in the Wedding district. The defining company here is Bayer AG .

Humboldthain: Mainly smaller companies have settled at this 21 hectare research, development and production site. The former AEG factories, which are reminiscent of the time of the industrial metropolis of Berlin at the end of the 19th century, are distinctive for the location . They house the first German start-up center (BIG) with the technology and innovation park (TIB), founded in the 1980s.

tourism

The Hotel Adlon

A large number of hotels have settled in Berlin-Mitte. Due to the central location, the proximity to the government district, the many local cultural institutions and the numerous festivals, most of the overnight stays are in the Mitte district. Over 40% of all hotel overnight stays in Berlin take place here. The most famous hotels include the Hotel Adlon , The Ritz-Carlton Berlin and the Park Inn by Radisson Berlin Alexanderplatz .

retail trade

With Alexanderplatz , Friedrichstrasse , Potsdamer Platz and the area around Hackescher Markt , the district has four major retail locations that are frequented by local, national and international customers. Other shopping streets in the district are u. a. the Müllerstraße , the Tower Street , the Bath Street and the Potsdamer Straße . The most famous department stores in Mitte include the Galeries Lafayette Berlin , the Kulturkaufhaus Dussmann , the Galeria Kaufhof Berlin-Alexanderplatz , and the Quartier 206 .

Companies

(Selection)

Creative industry and media

In 2015, most of the companies in Berlin's creative industries were located in the Mitte district.

Quartier 205 , headquarters of BMG Rights Management
Film production in Friedrichstrasse
(Selection)

Infrastructure

Gesundbrunnen underground station

Private transport

The federal highways B 1 , B 2 , B 5 and B 96 run through the Mitte district .

Transportation

With the S-Bahn lines S1, S2, S3, S5, S7, S9, S25, S26, S41, S42 and S75 as well as the underground lines U1 , U2 , U5 , U6 , U8 , U9 and U55 the District connected to public transport .

A new section of the U5 underground line is currently under construction (planned completion: 2020). The tunnel work for the S21 S-Bahn project is also in the construction phase .

Waterways for shipping

Passenger ships on the Spree

Structural and civil engineering

The origins of Berlin's urban development lie in the area of ​​the Mitte district, which has existed since 2001. As early as 1747, around 100,000 people lived in the city . Since then, the area has gone through several phases of urban renewal. With the Hobrecht Plan , essential civil engineering works for the sewer system were realized from 1862, which still exist today.

Buildings in the Mitte district

The north-south S-Bahn tunnel was built in the 1930s and, with a length of 5884 meters, is the longest S-Bahn tunnel in the city. The Tiergarten Spreebogen tunnel , completed in 2006, is the longest road tunnel in Berlin with a length of 2392 meters . The 3453 meter long north-south long-distance railway tunnel, also completed in 2006, is the longest underground civil engineering work for long-distance trains.

Notable high-rise buildings have been erected in what is now the Mitte district since the end of the 19th century. The Berlin Cathedral , built in 1905, is currently 98 meters tall and is the tallest church building in Berlin. At the time of its opening , the Berlin television tower , completed in 1969, was the third tallest free-standing structure in the world at 368 meters. Since 1990 it has been the tallest structure in Germany and the second tallest in the European Union. With a height of 125 meters, the Park Inn by Radisson Berlin Alexanderplatz , completed in 1970, is currently the second highest hotel building in Germany (as of 2020). The hospital building of the Charité , opened in 1982, is the tallest hospital building in Germany with a height of over 72 meters.

politics

Election to the district assembly in 2016
Turnout: 53.8%
 %
30th
20th
10
0
23.9%
23.8%
17.9%
13.5%
9.9%
6.0%
3.4%
1.5%
Otherwise.
Gains and losses
compared to 2011
 % p
 10
   8th
   6th
   4th
   2
   0
  -2
  -4
  -6
  -8th
-0.2  % p
-5.3  % p
+ 7.3  % p
-3.6  % p
+ 9.9  % p
+ 4.4  % p
-6.5  % p
-6.0  % p
Otherwise.

District Assembly

The election to the District Assembly (BVV) of the District Mitte on September 18, 2016 resulted in the following distribution of seats:

Political party Seats
Alliance 90 / The Greens 14th
SPD 14th
The left 10
CDU 07th
AfD 05
FDP 03
Pirates 02
All in all 55

District Mayor

The mayors of the former Mitte district and today 's Mitte district can be found there .

In the Berlin districts, a counting community (unlike in the state parliaments of the Federal Republic of Germany) is not linked to a coalition , so that the parliamentary groups seek majorities for each other. From 2011 to 2016 there was a counting community of the SPD and CDU.

The Mitte district is represented at the state level in the Council of Mayors and in the Resource Management Working Group .

District Office

Members of the district office are (as of 2020):

  • Stephan von Dassel (Bündnis 90 / Die Grünen), district mayor
  • Ephraim Gothe (SPD), District Councilor, Deputy District Mayor
  • Sabine Weißler (Alliance 90 / The Greens), District Councilor
  • Ramona Reiser (Die Linke), District Councilor
  • Carsten Spallek (CDU), District Councilor

coat of arms

The coat of arms of the Mitte district was redesigned and redesigned by the heraldist Theodor Lorenz (born April 6, 1929, † March 25, 2005) after the merging of the three districts of Mitte (old district) , Tiergarten and Wedding . Today's coat of arms was awarded on October 9, 2001 by the Berlin Senate .

coat of arms

Blazon : The shield, sixfold in red and silver, is covered with a golden central shield, inside a growing black, red-armored and tongued bear, which holds a blue shield with an upright golden lily scepter in its paws. A red three-tower wall crown rests on the shield , the central tower of which is covered with the Berlin coat of arms .

Reasons for the coat of arms: The colors of red and silver correspond to the historical city colors of Berlin. The heart sign with the Berlin bear refers to the former Mitte district as the historical center of Berlin, just as the location in the fanned shield division indicates the central location of the district. The small shield with the scepter was already the heart shield in the coat of arms of Dorotheenstadt  - it is a sign of the ruling power and refers to the historical role of Berlin as the royal seat and capital of several German states. The crown of the wall is the connecting element of all Berlin districts .

Town twinning

The district office in the Tiergarten town hall

International Higashiōsaka , Japan (since 1959, then founded with the old Wedding district and the Japanese Fuse) Cholon , Israel (friendly relations since 1970, twin town since 1980, then established with the old Wedding district) Tourcoing , France (since 1995, then with founded in the old district of Wedding ) Shinjuku (since 1994), the heart of the Japanese capital Tokyo Tsuwano (since 1995) going back to the scholar Mori Ogai , who lived for some time in Berlin Terézváros (district of Budapest ), Hungary (since 2005) Beyoğlu ( District of Istanbul ), Turkey (since 2008)
JapanJapan 
IsraelIsrael 
FranceFrance 
JapanJapan 
JapanJapan
HungaryHungary 
TurkeyTurkey 

National

Institutions of the State of Berlin

Red townhall

government District

In the Mitte district there is the government quarter with the most important institutions of the federal government with its ministries and the German Bundestag , the parliament of the Federal Republic of Germany, as well as numerous embassies and state representations;

education

Public schools

There are a total of 32 primary schools and two primary levels at community schools in the district. A primary school is under construction. 15,549 pupils attended a primary school in the district in the 2017/2018 school year. In addition to the two community schools, there are nine integrated secondary schools (ISS), seven grammar schools and four special schools. At the beginning of the 2017/2018 school year, the number of pupils in the integrated secondary schools was 5539 and in the grammar schools 4833.

Among the most popular secondary schools in Berlin, the Herbert Hoover School (ISS) in Gesundbrunnen took seventh place and the Heinrich von Stephan Community School in Moabit took eighth place. The Lessing-Gymnasium in Wedding was listed in second place among the grammar schools .

There are also seven private primary schools, two private integrated secondary schools, four private grammar schools, two private community schools and one Waldorf school.

European School of Management and Technology

Colleges

research

Libraries

architecture

Like the city of Berlin, the Mitte district is not known for its outstanding architecture. Nevertheless, individual buildings were created in different epochs that have given the area a high quality of life or have become attractions.

Buildings

Sacred building

Culture

Some of the nationally and internationally most famous cultural institutions in the metropolis of Berlin are located in the Mitte district.

Museums

The Ishtar Gate in the Pergamon Museum

Stages

Cinemas

Kino International
(Selection)

freetime and sports

Fitness studio on Friedrichstrasse

The district had 40 general sports facilities including four indoor swimming pools of the Berliner Bäder-Betriebe and 43 school sports facilities in 2016. The largest sports facilities include the Post Stadium with a seating capacity of 10,000, the Rehberge Stadium and the Erika-Hess Ice Stadium .

In addition to 259 public playgrounds, there were 222 public green spaces in 2016. The largest green spaces are: Großer Tiergarten , Fritz-Schloß-Park , Volkspark Rehberge and Volkspark Humboldthain .

With at least 32 fitness studios in 2019, the district is at the top of Berlin.

The Berlin Marathon , one of the world's largest running events, begins and ends in the Tiergarten near the Brandenburg Gate . More than 40,000 runners take part in the competition. According to the average times of the top ten results for men and women, the route is the fastest in the world.

Events

The Berlinale

Numerous internationally important events take place on Pariser Platz , Alexanderplatz , Gendarmenmarkt , Unter den Linden boulevard and Strasse des 17. Juni and other outstanding urban planning locations.

(Selection)

The Arminiusmarkthalle

Clubs and restaurants

The most famous clubs in Mitte include the Golden Gate , the KitKatClub , the Weekend, the Tresor and the Soho House Berlin (as of 2019).

Over two thirds of the 23 restaurants in Berlin that were awarded Michelin stars in 2019 are located in the Mitte district. The most famous cafes include u. a. the Café am Neuen See, the St. Oberholz and the Café Einstein Unter den Linden . In addition, an extremely diverse bar scene has established itself in Mitte.

The Arminiusmarkthalle is an important address in the Moabiter Kiez.

See also

Web links

Commons : Mitte (district of Berlin)  - Collection of images, videos and audio files
Wiktionary: Middle  - explanations of meanings, word origins, synonyms, translations

Individual evidence

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  2. a b Labor market overview - reporting month October 2018 - middle . In: statistik.arbeitsagentur.de, accessed on October 30, 2018.
  3. Numbering according to the district key
  4. Startup Genome presents its Global Startup Ecosystem Report 2017. Berlin lands in seventh place in the world rankings, BerlinValley, accessed on June 29, 2017.
  5. a b Residents in the State of Berlin on December 31, 2019, data from the Berlin-Brandenburg Statistics Office , accessed on August 27, 2020 ( PDF file ) ( help on this ).
  6. ↑ Combined sewer systems and their overflows , Flussbad Berlin, accessed on February 2, 2020.
  7. Diving athletes get a lot of rubbish from the Spree , Berliner Woche, accessed on February 2, 2020.
  8. Statistical report AI 5 - hj 2/11 - residents in the state of Berlin on December 31, 2011
  9. Statistical report AI 5 - hj 1/17 inhabitants in the state of Berlin on June 30, 2017
  10. Berlin- a city with many languages , mr-artographie.de, accessed on January 18, 2020.
  11. Health and Social Report 2018 , District Office Mitte, accessed on January 26, 2020.
  12. ^ The world's top cities face stiff competition, here's why , World Economic Forum, accessed February 1. 2020.
  13. ^ Senate Department for Urban Development: Urban Development Plan for Industry and Commerce. (PDF) 2011, accessed April 6, 2018 .
  14. Corinna Visser: The turbines turn more slowly . In: Der Tagesspiegel Online . December 20, 2012, ISSN  1865-2263 ( tagesspiegel.de [accessed April 6, 2018]).
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  22. Berlin church towers , Berlin church towers, accessed on January 30, 2020.
  23. a b The regional returning officer for Berlin
  24. Elections for the District Assembly 2016
  25. ^ Council of Mayors - accessed on May 18, 2019
  26. Small request from the FDP - accessed on May 18, 2019
  27. ^ Members of the District Office
  28. ↑ National emblem of Berlin - district coat of arms , accessed on January 28, 2020.
  29. Berlin fire brigade locations. At: Berlin.de , accessed on June 30, 2017.
  30. Representations of the federal states in the federal capital , Berlin.de, accessed on June 24, 2017.
  31. ^ The School Department. January 2, 2018, accessed January 18, 2018 .
  32. Handover of the new “Europacity Mitte” primary school to the Mitte district. October 18, 2017, accessed January 18, 2018 .
  33. Measures and Finances. April 23, 2018. Retrieved April 24, 2018 .
  34. ^ Heinrich-von-Stephan-Schule - Community school in Berlin. Retrieved January 18, 2018 (German).
  35. ^ R. Köhler and F. Anders: These are Berlin's most popular secondary schools . ( Morgenpost.de [accessed on January 18, 2018]).
  36. City of Horrors , Der Tagesspiegel, accessed on January 23, 2020.
  37. ^ Mood killer , Süddeutsche Zeitung, accessed on January 23, 2020.
  38. ^ Filmrauschpalast - The independent Kiez cinema in Moabit. Retrieved January 18, 2018 .
  39. The Mitte district and its districts. July 10, 2017. Retrieved April 19, 2018 .
  40. ^ Stadium Rehberge, BSC Rehberge 1945 - Stadium World . In: Stadium World . ( stadionwelt.de [accessed on April 13, 2018]).
  41. The Mitte district and its districts. July 10, 2017. Retrieved April 19, 2018 .
  42. Fitness studios in Berlin , Berlin.de, accessed on January 23, 2020.
  43. World's Fastest Marathon Courses - Men. (No longer available online.) Archived from the original on November 7, 2017 ; Retrieved July 18, 2017 (UK English).
  44. There is a three-day block for 20,000 euros. Retrieved January 18, 2018 .
  45. Christopher Street Day Parade. December 20, 2017, accessed on January 18, 2018 (German).
  46. These are the new star restaurants in Berlin , Berliner Morgenpost, accessed on January 23, 2020.