Jonaß department store

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Department store Jonaß
since 2010 Soho House Berlin
Former Jonaß department store in Berlin (2014)

Former Jonaß department store in Berlin (2014)

Data
place Berlin
architect Georg Bauer and
Siegfried Friedländer
Client Hermann Golluber and Hugo Haller
Construction year 1928; Total renovation 2010/11
Coordinates 52 ° 31 '39 "  N , 13 ° 24' 56"  E Coordinates: 52 ° 31 '39 "  N , 13 ° 24' 56"  E

The former Jonaß department store (also spelled Jonass) in Berlin was inaugurated in 1929 as the first credit department store . After the expropriation of the Jewish owners during the rule of the National Socialists , the building served as the headquarters of the Hitler Youth (HJ) and later the Socialist Unity Party of Germany (SED) . The Soho House Berlin private club opened in May 2010 in the listed building .

location

The building on the edge of the Kollwitzkiez is in the Pankow district, Prenzlauer Berg in Torstrasse  1 on the corner of Prenzlauer Allee . The district border to Mitte lies in front of the property line. Because the street was renamed several times, the address was initially Lothringer Straße  1, from 1951 to 1994 Wilhelm-Pieck-Straße  1.

At Lothringer Strasse at the corner of Prenzlauer Allee, the parade house was located on property 1-7 since 1828. It was outside the Berlin customs wall until it was demolished around 1870. The building occupies 21 meters at Torstraße 1 and 56 meters as Prenzlauer Allee 259 (45 meters from the vanishing point are 45 meters on Torstraße and 70 meters on Prenzlauer Allee) .

The building occupies 21 meters of frontage at Torstrasse 1 and 56 meters as Prenzlauer Allee 259. Due to the sloping corner, 45 meters from the vanishing point of the streets are located on Torstrasse and 70 meters on Prenzlauer Allee.

history

Advertisement for the purchase receipt , around 1930

Founded as a watch shop in 1889

Founded in 1889, Jonass & Co., GmbH was a large mail order company for watches and, after the First World War, had its main business in the Berlin office of Telefunken ( society for wireless telegraphy ) in Belle-Alliance-Straße  7-10 (since 1947 Mehringdamm 32/34). The owner of Jonass & Co., businessman Hermann Golluber, had acquired the undeveloped property (No. 1) next to the parade house of the Emperor Alexander Guard Grenadier Regiment No. 1 on Lothringer Strasse , which was built in 1828, in the early 1920s . Buildings 2–7 were used (after 1918) as an office building. In 1928/1929, Golluber and his business partner Hugo Halle built a new building for the Jonaß & Co. AG credit department store by the architects Gustav Bauer and Siegfried Friedländer on the undeveloped corner lot Lothringer Straße / Prenzlauer Allee . The massive complex in the style of the New Objectivity was executed in the skeleton construction that emerged at the end of the 1920s . The first two floors are clad with natural stone, above which are a five-story plastered building and an attic where a rooftop restaurant was operated for several years. Above all, the population from the nearby Scheunenviertel took advantage of the opportunity to shop in the credit department store with over 15,000 m² of usable space, also for partial payment . With a purchase voucher , customers had the option of paying a quarter of the value of the goods down in four monthly installments.

time of the nationalsocialism

After the seizure of power in 1933, the two Jewish partners of the KGaA (& Co. AG) ​​accepted two “ German-blooded ” employees into the management in order to avoid Aryanization . However, Golluber and Haller were pushed out of business. Golluber fled to the USA in 1939 , where he died a little later.

From 1934 Jonaß & Co. began selling goods in new premises on Alexanderplatz in Berlin in the Alexanderhaus ( Alexanderplatz 2 ) planned by Peter Behrens and built from 1930 . The new owners closed the department store on Lothringer Strasse and rented it to the NSDAP , which used it as the administration for the Reich Youth Leadership . The Reich headquarters resided in the building with the Reich Youth Leader Artur Axmann at the helm. In 1940 the NSDAP bought the house at Lothringer Strasse 1. After the premises on Alexanderplatz had been given up shortly before the end of the Second World War , the company moved back to Lothringer Strasse 1 for a short time. In May 1945 the company was dissolved after expropriation by the Soviet military administration in Germany .

Post-war period: House of the SPD, the SED and the Institute for Marxism-Leninism

Glass stele with the history of the building

From summer 1945 the central committee of the SPD used the building. After the forced unification of the SPD and KPD to form the SED , the house served as the seat of the Central Committee (ZK) of the SED and was named House of Unity . Until the move to the Central Committee building on Werderschen Markt , it was the center of power in the GDR in the form of the Politburo of the SED under its general, later first secretary, Walter Ulbricht . During the riots on June 17, 1953, angry workers surrounded and attacked the buildings in particular, the House of Unity and the House of Ministries .

When the Central Committee moved to Werderscher Markt, the Institute for Marxism-Leninism was located in the SED Central Committee (IML) from 1959 to 1990 . The historical archive of the KPD and the central party archive of the SED were part of it and the documents remained in the basement. The IML dealt with the history of the German and international labor movement and the "classics of Marxism-Leninism ". Numerous publications have appeared on the research results. From here, the IML prepared the large German-language Marx-Engels Complete Edition at the end of the 1960s .

The study of Wilhelm Pieck on the third floor with numerous shelves, books and utensils has been preserved as a memorial room. Even as president, the trained carpenter Wilhelm Pieck kept a hammer, a folding rule, a drill, a pair of pliers and other tools in his desk. Documents, brochures and books on Pieck's honorary citizenship in Berlin found their place in Pieck's secretariat. Two plaques installed at the main entrance of the building in 1976 and 1988 commemorate the two first SED chairmen Wilhelm Pieck and Otto Grotewohl .

After the turn

After the fall of the Berlin Wall , the SED institutions housed here were dissolved and the documents transferred to the Federal Archives in Lichterfelde and made available to the public. The property itself was empty from 1995 and in 1996 a Jewish community of heirs (descendants of the original Jewish owners) received the house back. Plans to use it as a hotel, as the administrative headquarters of a Berlin housing association or as an office building did not find any interested parties, so the heirs offered the complex for sale worldwide.

Soho House Berlin

The German-British investor group Cresco Capital acquired the building complex in 2004 for nine million euros . On behalf of the new owners, the Berlin architects JSK supplied the plans for the renovation and conversion into a branch of the British private club Soho House . The Soho House Berlin , which opened in May 2010, was built for around 30 million euros with combined living and working options for artists, journalists, directors and managers from the media sector. Contrary to an original announcement, neither Wilhelm Pieck's study nor the rooms for conferences, wellness and gastronomy are open to the public. There is an outdoor pool on the roof terrace. Guests included George Clooney while his film "Monuments Men" was being set, singer Madonna moved in for ten days, Brad Pitt had a premiere party, Hugh Grant celebrated his birthday with friends and Jude Law did without the Adlon . On the sidewalk in front of the entrance, photos and short texts in four languages ​​on a glass stele unveiled by Rainer Eppelmann on June 5, 2008 document the history of the building. Under the title House of Unity , it is part of an overall Senate project to make Berlin's historical sites visible. In 2019 the stele was no longer in this place.

Picture gallery

literature

Web links

Commons : Jonaß department store and House of Unity  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ HRS The digital travel magazine : The Queen speaks - Overnight stay in Soho House Berlin , Biljana Beader, November 6, 2013
  2. ↑ Map of Berlin 1: 5000 (K5 - color edition): Tor- / Mollstraße - Karl-Liebknecht-Straße / Prenzlauer Allee
  3. ↑ Lothringerstr. (N) . In: Berliner Adreßbuch , 1886, II. Th., P. 253. “1 ad Prenzlauer Allee, 1-7: Exercierh. d. Emperor. Alexand. Guard Gren. Regiment 1, 8: Bierhdl's tenement house. Lead with 34 tenants ”(same entry # 1888/1803 / as well as 1890/1770 / and 1894/2060 /).
  4. ↑ Lothringerstr. (N) . In: Berliner Adreßbuch , 1886, II. Th., P. 253. “1 ad Prenzlauer Allee, 1-7: Exercierh. d. Emperor. Alexand. Guard Gren. Regiment 1, 8: Bierhdl's tenement house. Lead with 34 tenants ”(same entry # 1888/1803 / as well as 1890/1770 / and 1894/2060 /).
  5. ↑ Luftbild Berlin - construction site at the House of Unity, the former Jonaß department store in Berlin-Mitte In: luftbildsuche.de , June 2009, accessed on January 30, 2019.
  6. ^ Jonass & Co. In: Berliner Adreßbuch , 1890, I., S. 536. "Jonass & Co., Uhrenhdl., O Am Schlesischen Bahnhof 1. Inh. Gotth. Fraenkel and Max Jonass ”.
  7. ^ Jonass & Co. In: Berliner Adreßbuch , 1894, I. T., p. 606. "Jonass & Co., Uhrenhdl., SO Melchiorstraße 10 I. Inh. Gotth. Fraenkel ".
  8. ↑ Mail order catalog 1920/1921 of Jonass & Co., GmbH ( Memento from April 27, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) In: ebay, accessed on August 23, 2011
  9. ^ Jonaß & Co AG In: Berliner Adreßbuch , 1929, Part I, p. 1525.
  10. ↑ Hermann Gollhuber . In: Berliner Adreßbuch , 1929, I., p. 996. "Golluber, Hermann, Kaufm., Tempelhof, Kaiserkorso 151 I., Tel. Südr 846".
  11. ^ Jewish address book for Greater Berlin. Edition published: 1931 : Address section: Page 128: Golluber, Germann, Tempelhof, Kaiserkorso 151 and Page 145: Kaufmann Hugo Halle, Charlottenburg 2, Schillerstraße 121
  12. ^ Lothringer Strasse . In: Berliner Adreßbuch , 1920, III., P. 514. "The owner of property 1–7 is the civil servants' housing association, 2–7 is occupied by multi-party rental houses (10 to 50 tenants per address) under number 1 only businessman Wilhelm C. Jeffke, before. Master bricklayer and carpenter Carl Volkmann, construction business at Am Prenzlauer Tor. (Section IV. # 4748, p. 311) “.
  13. ^ N54 Lothringer Straße . In: Berliner Adreßbuch , 1927, IV., P. 610. “← Prenzlauer Allee → 1: E (owner) Berliner Likörfabrik AG user Wagenhdl.R. White; 2–7 with E (owner): Beamten-Wohnungs-Verein zu Berlin EGmbH (2 with 28 tenants, 3 with 10 tenants, 4a with 21, 4b with 44, 4c with 15, 5a with 10, 5b with 50, 5c with 14, 6 with 13 and 7 with 10 tenants); 8 is a multi-party apartment building owned by AA Kunze (canned vegetables) ”(Lothringer Strasse is not entered in the address book 1928/5792 /). also histomapberlin.de : Map Straube IA from 1910 and 4235 from 1935, search keyword: Torstrasse 1
  14. ↑ Lothringer Strasse 1–7 . In: Address book for Berlin and its suburbs , 1900, Part III, p. 371.
  15. ↑ Lothringer Strasse 1 . In: Berliner Adreßbuch , 1929, IV., P. 615. “E (owner): Jonass & Co. AG, department store (Belle-Alliance-Str. 7-10). in branch section II. under department stores # 4580, page 389: Jonaß & Co. AG, SW61 Belle-Alliance-Straße 7-10, Tel. Lzw 6047,6048 “(same street entry in address book 1930 # 5793 // owner of 2–7 is the civil servants housing association for Berlin EGmbH (Köthener Straße 34)).
  16. ↑ Facsimile: Christmas catalog 1937 : Kaufhaus Jonass & Co., Alexanderplatz 2. Christmas catalog 1937. Give everyone a gift with special gifts. Text explanations by Mader, Archiv-Vlg., Braunschweig approx. 1987
  17. ↑ Lothringer Strasse 1 . In: Berliner Adreßbuch , 1933, IV., P. 504. "E: Jonass & Co., AG, department store".
  18. ↑ Lothringer Strasse 1 . In: Berliner Adreßbuch , 1934, IV., P. 498. "uninhabited" (address book 1935/4423 /, 1936/4672 /: uninhabited, 1937/4642 /: Jonas & Co. AG,).
  19. ↑ Lothringer Strasse 1 . In: Berliner Adreßbuch , 1938, IV., P. 528. “E: Jonas & Co. AG; User: Reich leadership of the Hitler Youth, caretaker H. Scheil ”.
  20. ↑ part of the street . In: Berliner Adreßbuch , 1940, IV .. “Owner: Lothringer Straße 1 GmbH: NSDAP Reichsführung d. Hitler Youth, caretaker A.Müller ”(also 1941/5012 / and 1943/4981 /).
  21. ↑ An “urban jewel” is sold. In: Berliner Zeitung , April 20, 2001
  22. ↑ Picture gallery of missing department stores . In: Der Tagesspiegel, February 15, 2014
  23. ↑ British buy former SED headquarters. In: Der Tagesspiegel , April 19, 2007.
  24. ↑ JSK Architects website
  25. ↑ The ribbed reinforced concrete ceilings were strengthened in some areas due to the increased load and fire protection requirements, a load-bearing elevator shaft was drawn in through all floors, the roof with a swimming pool and terrace was increased by rearranging the building stiffening and a two-story steel reinforcement structure. To: Eisat GmbH: Soho-House Berlin-Mitte
  26. ↑ The Berlin branch is the only one in Europe outside of England. Otherwise there are Soho houses in New York, Florida and Hollywood.
  27. ^ Jenni Zylka: Opening Club Soho House Berlin. Munich hairstyles and disco rompers . Spiegel Online , May 1, 2010.
  28. ↑ Stefan Strauss: Ein Zimmer DDR - Where the SED used to rule, the Soho House club moves in with a swimming pool, lounge and sauna . In: Berliner Zeitung , May 16, 2008.
  29. ↑ Stephan Lebert : The secret living room . In: Die Zeit No. 34/2010.
  30. ↑ Hollywood visits Berlin - Why film stars are drawn to Soho House . In: Berliner Zeitung, January 21, 2015
  31. ↑ Berlin.- House of the Reich Youth Leadership (Prenzlauer Tor, Lothringerstrasse, corner of Prenzlauer Strasse) Berlin 1933
  32. ↑ Original historical description: ADN-ZB / Funck / December 21, 1949: "On the occasion of the 70th birthday of JW Stalin The 'House of Unity' of the Central Secretariat of the SED in Berlin on Lothringer Strasse, which was festively decorated on the occasion of the 70th birthday of JW Stalin." (today Wilhelm-Pieck-Str.)
  33. ↑ Original historical description: Berlin, "House of the Central Committee of the SED" ADN-ZB Martin 6.11.1951 Berlin: The festively decorated central house of the unit in the month of German-Soviet friendship from November 7th to December 5th, 1951 ** with a banner on the building: “ XXXIV * Long live the 34th anniversary of the Great October Socialist Revolution! "
  34. ↑ Berlin, House of the Central Committee of the SED / original historical description: ADN-ZB Weiß RS-Hö 24.3.1954 The house of the Central Committee of the Socialist Unity Party in Berlin is festively decorated for the 4th Party Congress