Tiergarten district

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Coat of arms of the former Tiergarten district
Coat of arms of Berlin
Tiergarten
district 1920–2000 district of Berlin
Location of the former Tiergarten district in Berlin
Coordinates 52 ° 30 '51 "  N , 13 ° 21' 18"  E Coordinates: 52 ° 30 '51 "  N , 13 ° 21' 18"  E.
surface 13.40 km²
Residents 88,491 (Dec. 31, 2000)
Population density 6604 inhabitants / km²
Serial number 2

The Tiergarten district is a former administrative district of Berlin : It was founded in 1920 and existed until the end of 2000. Since January 1, 2001, its area has belonged to the Mitte district .

Extension and location

Obsolete sign on the former district border, 2008

In addition to the Großer Tiergarten, the district included the current districts of Moabit , Hansaviertel and Tiergarten . In the west and northwest the district bordered on the Charlottenburg district , in the north on Wedding , in the east on the old Mitte district , in the southeast on the Kreuzberg district and in the south on the Schöneberg district .

history

From the former Berlin districts Tiergarten, Moabit, Untere Friedrichsvorstadt and Schöneberger Vorstadt , the 2nd Berlin Administrative District was formed in 1920 under the Greater Berlin Act . The district got its name after the park of the Great Zoo . The district was not divided into official districts.

The Post Stadium was built in Moabit between 1926 and 1929 . The finals of the German soccer championships in 1934 and 1936 took place there.

In 1938, the district boundaries were reformed in Berlin. The Charlottenburg district gave most of its area east of the Charlottenburg connecting canal - also known as Martinikenfelde - to the Tiergarten district. At the same time, the Tiergarten district gave the area south of Kurfürstenstrasse to the Schöneberg district. The population of the district decreased by 28,495 inhabitants and the area by 41  hectares .

Destruction in the Tiergarten district during the Second World War, June 1947

In anticipation of the construction of the planned “ World Capital Germania ”, the Alsenviertel in the Spreebogen was largely demolished between 1939 and 1941 . The Bendlerblock on the Landwehr Canal was the center of the resistance group for the attack on July 20, 1944 . During World War II , Tiergarten was badly hit by Allied air raids . 98 percent of the Hansaviertel was destroyed. In 1945 the district was the scene of the final battle when Berlin was conquered by the Red Army . On April 30, 1945 the Soviet flag was hoisted on the Reichstag building .

After the Second World War, the Tiergarten district was the British sector assigned and belonged to the German reunification to West Berlin . In the 1950s, the Hansaviertel was rebuilt as a housing estate in the style of New Building . In 1958 the congress hall on the banks of the Spree was completed. In 1961 the underground line G (today: Line U9 ) was opened, which crossed the district in a north-south direction. After the construction of the Berlin Wall in August 1961, a new north-south connection within West Berlin was created with the relief road across the Great Tiergarten. In 1963 the Berlin Philharmonic was completed , in 1968 the New National Gallery and in 1978 today's “Haus Potsdamer Straße” of the State Library .

After German reunification , a new city district was built around Potsdamer Platz in the 1990s . Between 1997 and 2001 the new Federal Chancellery and the Paul-Löbe-Haus were built in the Spreebogen . In 1995, the wrapping of the Reichstag by the artist couple Christo attracted worldwide attention . The subsequent renovation of the Reichstag building was completed in 1999. In 1998, the foundation stone for Berlin Central Station , which was completed in 2006, was laid on the site of the Lehrter Bahnhof, which was demolished in 1959 .

During the Berlin district reform in 2001, the Tiergarten district was merged with the Wedding district and the old Mitte district to form the new Mitte district.

Population development

Coat of arms of the Tiergarten district (1920–2000)
year Residents
1925 283,581
1933 251.924
1939 213,572
1946 110,620
1950 116,759
1961 114.143
1970 98,388
1987 86,380
2000 88,491

Elections to the district assembly

1921-1933
year KPD USPD DVP DNVP SPD DDP 1 Zen NSDAP
1921 07.0 16.4 17.0 23.9 16.4 08.7 04.8
1925 14.8 06.3 25.6 28.8 11.5 04.7
1929 20.2 06.6 21.7 25.8 07.3 05.2 06.5
1933 16.8 14.9 21.7 02.5 06.1 38.9

1 1933 DStP

1946-1999
year SPD CDU FDP 1 Green 2
1946 53.3 24.5 08.3
1948 67.6 19.5 12.9
1950 46.6 27.1 19.4
1954 48.2 29.3 10.8
1958 55.4 35.2 03.1
1963 65.0 27.6 06.0
1967 59.9 30.1 05.9
1971 53.3 36.3 06.9
1975 44.8 40.9 06.1
1979 43.7 41.6 06.9 06.0
1981 38.1 43.2 04.6 12.7
1985 33.0 45.9 18.4
1989 35.2 31.1 02.5 21.9
1992 29.1 28.9 04.6 25.2
1995 25.9 37.0 01.8 26.3
1999 27.6 39.1 02.0 21.2

1 to 1948 LDP
2 to 1989 AL

District Mayor

Period Surname Political party
1921-1930 Karl Doflein
1931-1933 Baier
1933-1945 Paul Schuder NSDAP
1945 Fritz Bachmann KPD
1945 Hans Lohmeyer SPD
1946-1952 Fritz Castle SPD
1953-1960 Willi Meseck SPD
1960-1975 Joachim Karnatz SPD
1975-1988 Gottfried Wurche SPD
1979-1981 Horst Koffke SPD
1981-1987 Hans-Martin Quell CDU
1987-1989 Dieter Ernst CDU
1989-1995 Wolfgang Naujokat SPD
1995-2000 Jörn Jensen Green

Partnerships of the Tiergarten district

International

RussiaRussia Petrogradsky Raion ( Saint Petersburg , Russia )

JapanJapan Shinjuku ( Tokyo , Japan )

National

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Berlin in numbers . 1949.
  2. ↑ Angela M. Arnold, Gabriele von Griesheim: rubble, railways and districts . Berlin 1945–1955. 1st edition. Angela M. Arnold, Gabriele von Griesheim, Berlin 2002, ISBN 978-3-00-009839-0 .
  3. ^ Statistical yearbooks of Berlin.