Tempelhof district
Tempelhof district 1920–2000 district of Berlin |
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Coordinates | 52 ° 27 '38 " N , 13 ° 23' 6" E |
surface | 40.80 km² |
Residents | 189,948 (Dec. 31, 2000) |
Population density | 4656 inhabitants / km² |
Serial number | 13 |
The Tempelhof district was an administrative district of Berlin from 1920 to 2000 . It included the districts of Tempelhof , Mariendorf , Marienfelde and Lichtenrade . The area of the district is now part of the Tempelhof-Schöneberg district , which was created in 2001.
location
The Tempelhof district bordered the Kreuzberg district in the north, the Neukölln district in the east, the state of Brandenburg in the south, the Steglitz district in the west and the Schöneberg district in the northwest .
In the North-South direction, the pulled as the central artery B96 ( Temple Damm , south Marie Damm , then light Damm) by the former Tempelhof, underground proceeded here to Alt-Marie village the subway line U6 .
Today the area of the former district forms the southern part of the Tempelhof-Schöneberg district.
history
1920-1933
When Greater Berlin was formed in 1920, the 13th administrative district was formed from the communities of Tempelhof, Mariendorf (excluding the southern end ), Marienfelde and Lichtenrade, which had previously belonged to the Teltow district . After its most populous district, it was named Tempelhof . Südende, until then part of Mariendorf, was assigned to the Steglitz district.
From 1923 on the eastern part of the Tempelhof Field of Tempelhof Airport created on the western part was the garden city of Neu-Tempelhof .
On the southern edge of Tempelhofer Feld , factories and film studios were built on Oberlandstrasse in the 1930s, some of which are now listed buildings. In the same construction period, the Bärensiedlung, a protected garden monument , was built on Oberlandstrasse . The Volkspark Mariendorf was built in 1924 and the Ullsteinhaus was built on the Teltow Canal between 1925 and 1927 . In the late 1920s the district was up to the station Tempelhof extended north-south railway from the Berlin subway reached.
1933-1945
In 1938 there were minor corrections to the boundaries to the neighboring districts, whereby the population and area of the district changed only slightly. In the same year, the new district town hall on Tempelhofer Damm was completed and in 1939 the expansion of the airport into the new Tempelhof central airport was completed.
Shortly before the end of World War II , the Tempelhof district was taken from the south by Soviet forces in the last days of April 1945 .
1945-2000
The Tempelhof district had been part of the American Sector of Berlin since July 1945 . The US Air Force operated a base at Tempelhof Airport. During the Berlin blockade in 1948/1949, Tempelhof came into the focus of the world public when the Americans and British supplied West Berlin with essential goods via Tempelhof Airport .
In Marienfelde hundreds of thousands of refugees were from 1,953 to 1,989 GDR admitted and treated. Since 1964, and especially after 1989, the former emergency reception center also served as a home for repatriates .
Between 1961 and 1966, underground line 6 was extended to Alt-Mariendorf station. In 1979 the Lichtenrader Volkspark was opened and since 1981 the Tempelhof district has been crossed by the Berlin city motorway . In the summer of 1975, Tempelhof Airport was closed to civil air traffic, the task of which was taken over by Tegel Airport . In 1985 the airport was reopened for civil traffic with smaller aircraft.
On January 1, 2001, the Tempelhof district was merged with the Schöneberg district to form the new Tempelhof-Schöneberg district. In contrast to Schöneberg, Tempelhof was considered to be rather middle-class . In the last elections, the majority of the residents of what was then the old district voted for the CDU .
Population development
year | Residents |
---|---|
1925 | 68.009 |
1933 | 114,385 |
1939 | 125,360 |
1946 | 110,882 |
1950 | 120,982 |
1961 | 142,952 |
1970 | 159,730 |
1987 | 178,467 |
2000 | 189,948 |
Elections to the district assembly
Share of votes of the parties in percent:
year | SPD | DVP | USPD | DNVP | DDP 1 | KPD | Zen | NSDAP |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1921 | 21.9 | 19.9 | 16.3 | 15.4 | 8.5 | 7.0 | 4.8 | |
1925 | 32.0 | 9.5 | 21.6 | 8.7 | 13.3 | 4.2 | ||
1929 | 29.6 | 8.3 | 21.7 | 6.9 | 15.5 | 5.1 | 5.7 | |
1933 | 21.7 | 14.9 | 2.5 | 12.0 | 5.9 | 41.4 | ||
1 1933 DStP |
year | SPD | CDU | FDP 1 | Green 2 |
---|---|---|---|---|
1946 | 51.7 | 27.0 | 12.1 | |
1948 | 60.1 | 20.2 | 19.7 | |
1950 | 38.4 | 25.8 | 27.9 | |
1954 | 39.0 | 34.2 | 14.8 | |
1958 | 45.3 | 44.9 | 3.9 | |
1963 | 57.3 | 33.6 | 8.1 | |
1967 | 53.4 | 36.9 | 6.7 | |
1971 | 48.3 | 41.4 | 8.1 | |
1975 | 41.1 | 46.8 | 7.2 | |
1979 | 41.6 | 47.4 | 7.3 | 2.8 |
1981 | 36.8 | 51.8 | 4.8 | 5.6 |
1985 | 32.1 | 53.7 | 4.5 | 7.5 |
1989 | 36.1 | 41.5 | 3.5 | 8.3 |
1992 | 29.7 | 43.6 | 6.3 | 14.6 |
1995 | 24.1 | 53.5 | 2.1 | 11.1 |
1999 | 24.7 | 58.1 | 2.0 | 7.5 |
District Mayor
Period | Surname | Political party |
---|---|---|
1921-1925 | Emil Gross | SPD |
1925-1937 | Reinhard Bruns-Wüstefeld | DVP |
1936-1945 | Carl Pollesch | NSDAP |
1945 | Willy Kramm | |
1945-1947 | Jens Nydahl | SPD |
1947-1951 | Otto Burgemeister | SPD |
1951-1953 | Hermann Fischer | FDP |
1953-1955 | Alfred Homeyer | FDP |
1955-1959 | Karl Theodor Schmitz | CDU |
1959-1965 | Kurt Murr | SPD |
1965-1975 | Bernhard Hoffmann | SPD |
1975-1991 | Siegmund Jaroch | CDU |
1991-1997 | Wolfgang Krueger | CDU |
1998-2000 | Dieter Hapel | CDU |
Partnerships of the Tempelhof district
The district maintained several partnerships , all of which have been maintained by the Tempelhof-Schöneberg district since 2001.
International
National
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Historical overview of Neu-Tempelhof
- ↑ Berlin in Numbers, 1949
- ^ Statistical yearbooks of Berlin