Tempelhof district

Tempelhof ; district 1920–2000 district of Berlin
Coordinates	52 ° 27 '38 " N , 13 ° 23' 6" E Coordinates: 52 ° 27 '38 " N , 13 ° 23' 6" E
surface	40.80 km²
Residents	189,948 (Dec. 31, 2000)
Population density	4656 inhabitants / km²
Serial number	13

The Tempelhof district was an administrative district of Berlin from 1920 to 2000 . It included the districts of Tempelhof , Mariendorf , Marienfelde and Lichtenrade . The area of the district is now part of the Tempelhof-Schöneberg district , which was created in 2001.

location

The Tempelhof district bordered the Kreuzberg district in the north, the Neukölln district in the east, the state of Brandenburg in the south, the Steglitz district in the west and the Schöneberg district in the northwest .

In the North-South direction, the pulled as the central artery B96 ( Temple Damm , south Marie Damm , then light Damm) by the former Tempelhof, underground proceeded here to Alt-Marie village the subway line U6 .

Today the area of the former district forms the southern part of the Tempelhof-Schöneberg district.

history

1920-1933

When Greater Berlin was formed in 1920, the 13th administrative district was formed from the communities of Tempelhof, Mariendorf (excluding the southern end ), Marienfelde and Lichtenrade, which had previously belonged to the Teltow district . After its most populous district, it was named Tempelhof . Südende, until then part of Mariendorf, was assigned to the Steglitz district.

From 1923 on the eastern part of the Tempelhof Field of Tempelhof Airport created on the western part was the garden city of Neu-Tempelhof .

On the southern edge of Tempelhofer Feld , factories and film studios were built on Oberlandstrasse in the 1930s, some of which are now listed buildings. In the same construction period, the Bärensiedlung, a protected garden monument , was built on Oberlandstrasse . The Volkspark Mariendorf was built in 1924 and the Ullsteinhaus was built on the Teltow Canal between 1925 and 1927 . In the late 1920s the district was up to the station Tempelhof extended north-south railway from the Berlin subway reached.

Tempelhof Town Hall

1933-1945

In 1938 there were minor corrections to the boundaries to the neighboring districts, whereby the population and area of the district changed only slightly. In the same year, the new district town hall on Tempelhofer Damm was completed and in 1939 the expansion of the airport into the new Tempelhof central airport was completed.

Shortly before the end of World War II , the Tempelhof district was taken from the south by Soviet forces in the last days of April 1945 .

1945-2000

The Tempelhof district had been part of the American Sector of Berlin since July 1945 . The US Air Force operated a base at Tempelhof Airport. During the Berlin blockade in 1948/1949, Tempelhof came into the focus of the world public when the Americans and British supplied West Berlin with essential goods via Tempelhof Airport .

In Marienfelde hundreds of thousands of refugees were from 1,953 to 1,989 GDR admitted and treated. Since 1964, and especially after 1989, the former emergency reception center also served as a home for repatriates .

Between 1961 and 1966, underground line 6 was extended to Alt-Mariendorf station. In 1979 the Lichtenrader Volkspark was opened and since 1981 the Tempelhof district has been crossed by the Berlin city motorway . In the summer of 1975, Tempelhof Airport was closed to civil air traffic, the task of which was taken over by Tegel Airport . In 1985 the airport was reopened for civil traffic with smaller aircraft.

On January 1, 2001, the Tempelhof district was merged with the Schöneberg district to form the new Tempelhof-Schöneberg district. In contrast to Schöneberg, Tempelhof was considered to be rather middle-class . In the last elections, the majority of the residents of what was then the old district voted for the CDU .

Population development

Coat of arms of the Tempelhof district (1920–2000)

year	Residents
1925	68.009
1933	114,385
1939	125,360
1946	110,882
1950	120,982
1961	142,952
1970	159,730
1987	178,467
2000	189,948

Elections to the district assembly

Share of votes of the parties in percent:

1921-1933
year	SPD	DVP	USPD	DNVP	DDP ¹	KPD	Zen	NSDAP
1921	21.9	19.9	16.3	15.4	08.5	07.0	04.8
1925	32.0	09.5		21.6	08.7	13.3	04.2
1929	29.6	08.3		21.7	06.9	15.5	05.1	05.7
1933	21.7			14.9	02.5	12.0	05.9	41.4
¹ 1933 DStP

1946-1999
year	SPD	CDU	FDP ¹	Green ²
1946	51.7	27.0	12.1
1948	60.1	20.2	19.7
1950	38.4	25.8	27.9
1954	39.0	34.2	14.8
1958	45.3	44.9	03.9
1963	57.3	33.6	08.1
1967	53.4	36.9	06.7
1971	48.3	41.4	08.1
1975	41.1	46.8	07.2
1979	41.6	47.4	07.3	02.8
1981	36.8	51.8	04.8	05.6
1985	32.1	53.7	04.5	07.5
1989	36.1	41.5	03.5	08.3
1992	29.7	43.6	06.3	14.6
1995	24.1	53.5	02.1	11.1
1999	24.7	58.1	02.0	07.5
¹ to 1948 LDP ² to 1989 AL

District Mayor

Period	Surname	Political party
1921-1925	Emil Gross	SPD
1925-1937	Reinhard Bruns-Wüstefeld	DVP
1936-1945	Carl Pollesch	NSDAP
1945	Willy Kramm
1945-1947	Jens Nydahl	SPD
1947-1951	Otto Burgemeister	SPD
1951-1953	Hermann Fischer	FDP
1953-1955	Alfred Homeyer	FDP
1955-1959	Karl Theodor Schmitz	CDU
1959-1965	Kurt Murr	SPD
1965-1975	Bernhard Hoffmann	SPD
1975-1991	Siegmund Jaroch	CDU
1991-1997	Wolfgang Krueger	CDU
1998-2000	Dieter Hapel	CDU