Zehlendorf district
  district 1920–2000 district of Berlin |
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| Coordinates | 52 ° 26 '6 " N , 13 ° 13' 29" E |
| surface | 70.50 km² |
| Residents | 97,040 (Dec. 31, 2000) |
| Population density | 1376 inhabitants / km² |
| Serial number | 10 |
The district of Zehlendorf was an administrative district of Berlin , which existed from the formation of Greater Berlin in 1920 until the district reform in 2001. It included the districts of Zehlendorf , Dahlem , Nikolassee and Wannsee . The district was characterized by the juxtaposition of large areas of forest and water, in some cases upscale residential areas, and important scientific institutions. The area of the district has belonged to the Steglitz-Zehlendorf district since January 1, 2001 .
location
The Zehlendorf district bordered the Wilmersdorf district in the north, the Steglitz district in the east, and the state of Brandenburg in the south and west . In the northeast the district had a water border with the Spandau district . Today the area of the former district forms the western part of the Steglitz-Zehlendorf district.
history
When Greater Berlin was formed in 1920, the 10th administrative district was formed from the following areas that had previously belonged to the Teltow district:
- Rural community of Zehlendorf (20,561 inhabitants, 2156 hectares )
- Rural community Nikolassee (1,982 inhabitants, 99 hectares)
- Rural community of Wannsee (3,980 inhabitants, 696 hectares)
- Guts Bezirk Dahlem (6,244 inhabitants, 817 hectares)
- Gutsgebiet Klein Glienicke (79 inhabitants, 173 hectares)
- Manor district Pfaueninsel (45 inhabitants, 98 hectares)
- Potsdamer Forst estate (northern part, 151 inhabitants, 1216 hectares)
The rural community of Klein Glienicke remained in the Teltow district. The district was named Zehlendorf after its most populous district . Several exclaves in the Berlin area also belonged to the district, including Steinstücke , Nuthewiesen and Desert Mark . The last incorporation took place in 1928 with the Düppel estate . On December 27, 1927, the manor district with 131 inhabitants and an area of 535 hectares from the Brandenburg district of Teltow was incorporated into Berlin after Berlin had bought the property. On the other hand, there were uninhabited areas, of which a 24 hectare part of the Griebnitzsee to the community of Neubabelsberg was the largest, so that today the border runs through the lake. As a result of the incorporation, the border in the Düppeler Forest , which previously extended to the Wannseebahn / Dreilindenstrasse (today Potsdamer Chaussee), moved in Wannsee to Königsweg and in Düppel almost to the main line .
In 1929 the underground line A II (today: Line U3 ), which had led to Thielplatz station in Dahlem since 1913 , was extended to Krumme Lanke station in Zehlendorf. In 1930 the Wannsee lido was completed.
The Berlin regional reform with effect from April 1, 1938 resulted in numerous straightening of the district boundaries as well as some major changes to the area. The eastern edge of the Zehlendorf district became a Lichterfeld area from the Dahlemer Weg. In addition, there was an extensive exchange of territory with the Wilmersdorf district. As a result, the population of the district decreased by 4,531 people, while the area of the district increased by 1,126 hectares. In 1940 the connection of the AVUS to the Berliner Ring was completed, giving the Zehlendorf district a connection to the German motorway network.
The Wannsee Conference took place in the Wannsee district on January 20, 1942 , at which the National Socialist regime organized the Holocaust against European Jews in detail. In the last days of April 1945, the Zehlendorf district was taken from the south by Soviet forces .
The district had belonged to the American Sector of Berlin since July 1945 and housed several facilities and barracks of the American armed forces until the early 1990s . In 1948 , the Free University was founded in Dahlem, which had been a science location since the imperial era . The Hahn Meitner Institute for Nuclear Research was founded in Wannsee in 1959 .
The construction of the Berlin Wall , the S-Bahn connection from was in August 1961 Wannsee to Potsdam interrupted and from Wannsee to Stahnsdorf leading graveyard orbit shut down. The Wannseebahn was shut down in 1980 and reopened in 1985 after a complete renovation.
Between 1962 and 1986, three exchanges with a total of 40 people took place on the Glienicke Bridge , which leads from the Wannsee district over the Havel to Potsdam. As part of the four-power agreement of September 3, 1971, in exchange for the Nuthewiesen exclave , the GDR ceded a 20-meter-wide and around one-kilometer-long strip of territory between Steinstücke and Kohlhasenbrück to West Berlin . This means that Steinstücke was no longer an exclave, but was given a land connection to the Zehlendorf district. In 1988 the exclave of the Mark desert fell to the GDR through an area swap.
On January 1, 2001, the Zehlendorf district was merged with the Steglitz district to form the new Steglitz-Zehlendorf district as part of the Berlin district reform .
Population development
| year | Residents |
|---|---|
| 1925 | 44,420 |
| 1933 | 65,948 |
| 1939 | 81.141 |
| 1946 | 76,432 |
| 1950 | 90.907 |
| 1961 | 95,530 |
| 1970 | 92,850 |
| 1987 | 94,782 |
| 2000 | 97.040 |
Elections to the district assembly
Share of votes of the parties in percent
| year | DVP | SPD | USPD | DDP 1) | KPD | DNVP | NSDAP | Zen |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1921 | 63.6 2) | 14.4 | 7.2 | 7.2 | 2.5 | |||
| 1925 | 18.0 | 20.6 | 9.9 | 3.9 | 35.8 | 3.1 | ||
| 1929 | 19.8 | 18.7 | 8.4 | 5.3 | 30.4 | 7.8 | 4.3 | |
| 1933 | 2.7 | 15.3 | 3.8 | 5.3 | 25.7 | 41.0 | 5.3 | |
|
1) 1933 DStP |
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| year | SPD | CDU | FDP 1) | WUB 2) | Green 3) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1946 | 41.0 | 39.0 | 13.3 | ||
| 1948 | 49.1 | 26.1 | 24.8 | ||
| 1950 | 28.3 | 26.8 | 35.7 | ||
| 1954 | 28.0 | 37.1 | 22.0 | ||
| 1958 | 38.2 | 49.0 | 6.6 | ||
| 1963 | 46.2 | 38.8 | 14.2 | ||
| 1967 | 41.9 | 44.4 | 12.3 | ||
| 1971 | 37.1 | 49.2 | 11.2 | ||
| 1975 | 27.9 | 48.8 | 6.6 | 12.9 | |
| 1979 | 29.1 | 49.5 | 6.8 | 13.8 | |
| 1981 | 25.9 | 53.0 | 4.7 | 9.4 | 6.7 |
| 1985 | 21.3 | 54.4 | 4.8 | 9.3 | 9.0 |
| 1989 | 23.0 | 42.8 | 4.9 | 15.1 | 9.0 |
| 1992 | 19.2 | 41.9 | 6.5 | 17.7 | 7.6 |
| 1995 | 17.6 | 48.9 | 3.6 | 15.2 | 11.5 |
| 1999 | 20.9 | 52.6 | 4.0 | 6.0 | 11.6 |
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1) until 1948 LDP |
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District Mayor
| Period | Surname | Political party |
|---|---|---|
| 1920-1924 | Hugo Elimar Köster | DVP |
| 1924-1932 | Erich Schumacher | DNVP |
| 1932-1933 | Alfred Hoge | DNVP |
| 1933-1945 | Walter Helfenstein | NSDAP |
| 1945 | Georg Schulze | NSDAP |
| 1945-1949 | Werner Wittgenstein | CDU |
| 1949-1951 | Carl Schott | SPD |
| 1951-1955 | Wilhelm Benecke | FDP |
| 1955-1965 | Willy Stiewe | CDU |
| 1965-1971 | Hans-Joachim Schnitzer | SPD |
| 1971-1980 | Wolfgang Rothkegel | CDU |
| 1980-1991 | Jürgen Klemann | CDU |
| 1991-1995 | Ulrich Menzel | CDU |
| 1995-2000 | Klaus Eichstädt | CDU |
Partnerships of the Zehlendorf district
International
Bror Chail (Israel)
Szilvásvárad ( Hungary )
Kharkov Ordzhonikidze ( Ukraine )
National
Movies
The Zehlendorf district was a popular location for filmmakers. Below is a selection of films made in the district:
- The three from the gas station , STAR gas station Lindenthaler Allee
- Our Willi is the best , Im Dol
- Paul Is Dead , Beuckestrasse ( Schadow-Gymnasium ), Ladiusstrasse
- Pappa ante portas , Ahrenshooper line
- Beyond the silence , Schlachtensee
- Tough
- Didi - The doppelganger , Mexikoplatz S-Bahn station
- The deception , S-Bahn station Nikolassee , STAR gas station Lindenthaler Allee
- The grumbling , Hüttenweg / corner of Gelfertstraße
- Lukas and Son (series), Mexikoplatz
- James Bond 007 - Octopussy , Hüttenweg, connection point to AVUS
- Richy Guitar , Hüttenweg / AVUS
- Balko (series), Rothe nursery, Ihnestrasse
- Canaris , final scene in Vogelsang Street
- Conni & Co , Beuckestrasse (Schadow-Gymnasium)
literature
- Falk-Rüdiger Wünsch: Berlin-Zehlendorf - tell old pictures . Sutton Verlag, Erfurt 2001, ISBN 3-89702-379-2
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Population of the incorporated areas
- ^ Greater Berlin Law with amendment from 1927
- ↑ Wolfgang Blöß: Borders and reforms in a society in transition . From the state of Brandenburg to the districts 1945–1952. BWV Verlag, Berlin 2014, ISBN 978-3-8305-3248-4 ( incorporation of the Gutsbezirks Düppel in the Google book search [accessed on March 16, 2015]).
- ↑ Berlin in Numbers, 1949
- ^ Statistical yearbooks of Berlin
Middle (1) | Tiergarten (2) | Wedding (3) | Prenzlauer Berg (4) | Friedrichshain (5) | Kreuzberg (6) | Charlottenburg (7) | Spandau (8) | Wilmersdorf (9) | Zehlendorf (10) | Schöneberg (11) | Steglitz (12) | Tempelhof (13) | Neukölln (14) | Treptow (15) | Köpenick (16) | Lichtenberg (17) | Weissensee (18) | Pankow (19) | Reinickendorf (20) | Marzahn (21) | Hohenschönhausen (22) | Hellersdorf (23)