Berlin-Zehlendorf
|
Zehlendorf district of Berlin |
|
|---|---|
  |
|
| Coordinates | 52 ° 26 '2 " N , 13 ° 15' 32" E |
| surface | 18.83 km² |
| Residents | 60,538 (Dec. 31, 2019) |
| Population density | 3215 inhabitants / km² |
| Incorporation | Oct. 1, 1920 |
| Postcodes | 14163, 14165, 14167, 14169 |
| District number | 0604 |
| structure | |
| Administrative district | Steglitz-Zehlendorf |
| Locations |
|
is adistrictof in the southwestof BerlinlocatedSteglitz-Zehlendorf. It is one of the wealthier areas of Berlin. Until theadministrative reform in2001, there was an independentdistrict of Zehlendorf.
In linguistic usage, Zehlendorf often stands for both the district and the former district that existed around the center of Zehlendorf and extended over villa settlements towards the Wannsee waters and, in addition to the district of Zehlendorf, included the districts of Wannsee , Nikolassee and Dahlem . In the administrative reform in 2001 the then districts Zehlendorf and were Steglitz to the Steglitz-Zehlendorf district merged . The old town center Zehlendorf lies south of Dahlem and borders to the east on the villa colony of Lichterfelde-West , to the west on Nikolassee.
history
In the first settlement phase of the German eastern settlement in the Zauche and on the southwestern Teltow , in the last quarter of the 12th century, German settlers moved to existing Slavic settlements on the Schlachtensee , on the Krummen Lanke and the Krummen Fenn, today's museum village of Düppel , although these may be have been expanded. In the second settlement phase , new anger villages and street villages were created . The settlement landscape was restructured in that the old, small Slavic settlements were dissolved and their inhabitants were relocated. The wide street village of Zehlendorf was built around 1230 and was first mentioned in writing in a sales contract in 1242 as Cedelendorp . At that time the property changed from the Margraves Johann I and Otto III. to the Cistercian monastery Lehnin . The place name is a German-Slavonic hybrid form, which contains the Polish personal name Sedl , which in turn is derived from the Old Slavic word Sedlo ('settlement').
Allegedly, a village church was mentioned in a document in 1264 , which had a Klutturm ( Low German : klut = 'Klotz'). It is likely to have been a four-part apse church made of field stone blocks with a nave-wide transverse tower, built around 1250 . It was destroyed in the Seven Years' War in 1760 and demolished in 1767. The replacement building of the Zehlendorf village church, built in 1768, was quite unusual for a Brandenburg village church: a central building in the shape of an octagon .
In the land book of Charles IV (1375) Zehlendorf was mentioned with 50 hooves ; The pastor had four of them and the Lehnschulze three. There was a jug and a (water) mill. Eleven Kossaten and two lakes (fishing rights on the Schlachtensee and the Krummen Lanke ) were also named. Charges ( tithe , lease and bede ) were partly due to the margrave, partly to the Lehnin monastery . In 1411 the village was attacked by robber knights from Magdeburg . In 1572 there was a Lehnschulzengut with five hooves that had rights to various taxes and services. In the meantime there was also a shepherd's farm, a small bathing room, an oven, a forge and a small fishery. In 1591 a windmill was mentioned. The pastor lived in Teltow ; The electoral pond keeper had moved into the parish property. With the Reformation , the rule of the Lehnin monastery ended in 1542, and Zehlendorf was placed under the Brandenburg electoral administration of the Mühlenhof office until 1872.
In 1730 Friedrich Wilhelm I had the Königsweg set up as a high-speed route to Potsdam and in 1792 Friedrich Wilhelm II expanded the road from Berlin to Potsdam into Prussia's first road . On September 22nd, 1838 the first Prussian railway ran from Potsdam to Zehlendorf. Zehlendorf was the terminus until October 29th, from then on the trains went to Berlin to the Potsdam train station . In 1874 the Wannsee Railway was opened from Zehlendorf via Schlachtensee and Wannsee to Kohlhasenbrück . This branches off right behind the Zehlendorf train station in the direction of Schlachtensee train station and meets the main line again shortly before Griebnitzsee train station . Until September 18, 1980, Zehlendorf was also connected to the Düppel station for the main line via the Zehlendorf Süd station.
The independent rural community of Zehlendorf was founded in 1872. In 1894, the village of Schönow , which had been independent until then and was first mentioned in a document in 1299, was incorporated into the rural community of Zehlendorf. The current location of Schönow extends in the south on the Teltow Canal to the area of Berlin-Lichterfelde . In 1920 the rural community was incorporated into Greater Berlin . Together with other localities, the Zehlendorf district of Berlin was created, which became part of the Steglitz-Zehlendorf district on January 1, 2001 .
Personalities
Sons and daughters of the district
- Otto Braun (1897–1918), poet and playwright
- Sigismund von Braun (1911–1998), diplomat, State Secretary in the Foreign Office
- Dietrich Fischer-Dieskau (1925–2012), singer
- Rainar Nitzsche (* 1955), publisher, writer
- Kay Kuntze (* 1966), director and theater director
- Lennart Schilgen (* 1988), songwriter, singer-songwriter and cabaret artist
Other personalities
- Georg Pittrich (1870–1934), composer and conductor, lived in Zehlendorf from around 1912 to 1914 and worked in the winter garden in Berlin-Mitte .
- Lyonel Feininger (1871–1956), German-American painter, graphic artist and caricaturist. From 1909 he was a member of the Berlin Secession , lived and worked in Zehlendorf from 1911 to 1919
- Paul Levy (1876–1943), mechanical engineer and railway worker as well as persecuted by National Socialism ; lived in Zehlendorf
- Hermann Clajus (1881–1933), local politician ( SPD ) and persecuted by National Socialism; lived in Zehlendorf
- Kurt Hueck (1897–1965), botanist and persecuted by National Socialism; lived in Zehlendorf
- Wolfgang Quantity (1924–2012), journalist and screenwriter; lived in Zehlendorf
- Götz George (1938–2016), actor; lived in Zehlendorf
- Birgit Reinecke (1944–2013), judge at the Federal Labor Court
- Eckart von Hirschhausen (* 1967), doctor and cabaret artist, grew up in Zehlendorf from the age of one
- Patrick Losensky (* 1982), rapper with the stage name Fler
Facilities and sights
- Allied Museum
- Fountain sculpture by Ursula Sax
- Chodjali monument
- Zehlendorf village church
- Ernst Moritz Arndt Church
- Evangelical University of Berlin
- House at the forest lake
- Zehlendorf local history museum
- Waldfriede Hospital
- Crooked lank
- Mexico Square
- Museum village Düppel
- Bauhaus settlement Onkel Toms Hütte
- Paulus Church
- Peter Lenné School
- Schadow High School
- Schlachtensee
- Sports hall Zehlendorf
- Teltow shipyard
- Zehlendorfer oak
See also
- List of streets and squares in Berlin-Zehlendorf
- List of cultural monuments in Berlin-Zehlendorf
- List of cinemas in Berlin-Zehlendorf
- List of stumbling blocks in Berlin-Zehlendorf
literature
- Falk-Rüdiger Wünsch: Berlin-Zehlendorf - tell old pictures. Sutton Verlag, Erfurt 2001, ISBN 3-89702-379-2 .
- Martin Gärtner, Christiane Keim, Heino Grunert u. a .: Architectural monuments in Berlin - Zehlendorf district, Zehlendorf district. Nicolai'sche Verlagsbuchhandlung Beuermann GmbH, Berlin 1995, ISBN 3-87584-561-7 .
- Heimatverein for the district of Zehlendorf e. V. (Ed.): Yearbook Zehlendorf - 2008. 12th year, 1886.
- Christian Simon: Zehlendorf. Between idyll and metropolis . be.bra verlag, Berlin 2013, ISBN 978-3-8148-0201-5 .
Web links
- Zehlendorf on the website of the Steglitz-Zehlendorf district office of Berlin
- Website of the Heimatverein Zehlendorf
Remarks
- ^ As in Marienfelde and Buckow . Such a large "chunky" tower accounted for almost 50 percent of the construction costs.
- ↑ Anett Kirchner: Eckart von Hirschhausen on Berlin's southwest: “Zehlendorf - what do you want more?” In: Der Tagesspiegel , August 10, 2014, accessed on April 28, 2019.
