Federal Chancellery (Berlin)
| Federal Chancellery | |
|---|---|
 View from the east at night |
|
| Data | |
| place | Berlin Tiergarten |
| architect |
Axel Schultes , Charlotte Frank |
| Architectural style | Postmodern |
| Construction year | 1997-2001 |
| height | 36 m |
| Floor space | approx. 19,000 m² |
| Coordinates | 52 ° 31 '12 " N , 13 ° 22' 10" E |
The Federal Chancellery is a building in Berlin and the seat of the German federal authority of the same name . As part of the move of the German federal government from Bonn to Berlin, the office moved into the new building planned by the architects Axel Schultes and Charlotte Frank . The building is part of the assembly group called “ Band des Bundes ” in Spreebogen , Willy-Brandt-Straße 1, 10557 Berlin.
architecture
construction
The equally spectacular and controversial monumental building ensemble of the new Federal Chancellery was designed by the Berlin architects Axel Schultes and Charlotte Frank during the term of office of Chancellor Helmut Kohl . After the first groundbreaking on February 4, 1997 and almost four years of construction, the building was occupied by then Federal Chancellor Gerhard Schröder on May 2, 2001 , completing the government move to Berlin. The built-up property is around 73,000 m² in size, including the helipad and the Chancellery Park.
With a height of 36 meters, the building exceeds the Berlin eaves height of 22 meters and is the largest government headquarters in the world. It is around eight times the size of the White House in Washington , but it also includes other buildings. The most important characteristics of the building ensemble are:
- Gross floor area 64,413 m²
- Gross volume 283,646 m³
- Usable area 25,347 m²
- Main usable area approx. 19,000 m²
The building has a modern, largely glazed exterior and numerous stylistic elements of postmodernism . Colors used over a large area have their own, precisely defined symbolic effects. In the courtyard of honor , which is formed by the line construction and the two office wings, there is the sculpture Berlin by the Basque artist Eduardo Chillida as well as four columns each with tree planting, flagpoles and a spanning tent roof in front of the main entrance. The main courtyard is used to receive guests.
In the line construction, which is flanked by two office wings, there are nine levels:
- Ground floor: foyer with a large staircase for photo ops with guests.
- 1st floor: International conference room with 32 seats, interpreter booths and control rooms. Information room with stage, seating for 200 journalists.
- 2nd and 3rd floor: technical and functional rooms (kitchen, wine cellar, flower cold room, etc.)
- 4th floor: "Secret floor" with tap-proof room for the crisis team , planning center and archive .
- 5th floor: large banquet hall for receptions and banquets . Loggias to the east and west. Office of the Minister of State .
- 6th floor: Small cabinet room with interpreter's booths and large cabinet room. Both halls are the same size. Office of the Minister of State.
- 7th floor: Chancellor's office with windows facing the Reichstag building and the Brandenburg Gate . Office. Office of the Head of the Chancellery .
- Between the 7th and 8th floor: "Skylobby".
- 8th floor: Chancellor's apartment with living room, integrated kitchen and bedroom in the south. Office of the Minister of State for Culture in the North.
In the side wings there are 300 offices of 20 m² each and 13 winter gardens. There is a canteen in the southern office wing . The press and staff entrance is located in the northern office wing next to the separate main station. On the other side of the Spree in the Chancellery Park to the west is a helicopter landing pad . The park can be reached by pedestrians and vehicles via the Kanzleramtssteg , a two-story bridge.
In the new Federal Chancellery, the sometimes long distances are criticized. In addition to the option of electronic communication, there is also a pneumatic tube system for sending files.
Groups of visitors are admitted, albeit under extremely high security standards (entrance control as at the airport, ID control, previously prepared lists of names, accompaniment of each group of visitors by BKA officials).
Construction quality, renovations, expansion plans
Although it is a new building, the Federal Chancellery has had to be renovated several times. This was due on the one hand to deficiencies in the construction, on the other hand to fundamental, foreseeable problems with the materials used. The exposed concrete on the exposed west facade, which developed as unaesthetic stains, had to be cleaned in 2007 and coated with a protective glaze . Extensive repairs were also necessary with the much-touted ecological building technology, such as the plant-oil- operated combined heat and power unit .
At the beginning of 2019 it became known that an extension was planned for the Federal Chancellery. 400 new offices as well as a day care center and another canteen are to be built. The helipad is to be relocated to the roof of the building. Construction is scheduled to start in 2023 and completion in 2027 or 2028. The extension is to be planned and built by the architects of the Federal Chancellery, Axel Schultes and Charlotte Frank .
Art in the Chancellery
The Chancellery not only houses important works of art from the Classical Modern period , but also works by contemporary German and international artists.
The main work in the Chancellery is the monumental iron sculpture Berlin by the Basque sculptor Eduardo Chillida . The 5.5 meter high and 87.5 ton sculpture with its two almost touching arms arouses associations such as rapprochement, division and union, which can be understood as intended political symbolism. The sculpture occupies a position similar to Henry Moore's Large Two Forms of the Bonn Chancellery and is of similar symbolism.
The inner entrance area was artistically designed by the painter Markus Lüpertz , who transformed the central staircase into six different "color spaces", the colors of which are supposed to symbolize certain classic virtues: blue (wisdom), umber (as the lion's color for power and strength), red (bravery ), Ocher- gold (justice) and green / white (wisdom). In addition, Lüpertz created the sculpture The Philosopher, also standing in the entrance area, as the epitome of thoughtful people. Another large sculpture in the interior is the large white head sign by the artist Rainer Kriester .
There are also numerous important paintings in the Chancellery, some of them as acquisitions or loans. The Oriental Fairy Tale by August Macke and the Mountain Farmers Sunday by Ernst Ludwig Kirchner, selected for the cabinet room, come from the Bonn Chancellery . The three-part work Augenbilder by Ernst Wilhelm Nay , which caused a sensation at the Documenta III in Kassel in 1964, is located in the press room .
The gallery of the previous Federal Chancellors is on the first floor . Helmut Schmidt had the idea of a series of portraits in 1976. The former Chancellors then chose a portrait, which was then purchased by the Chancellery:
- Konrad Adenauer was painted by Hans Jürgen Kallmann in 1963. Another portrait of Adenauer by Oskar Kokoschka is in Angela Merkel's office .
- Ludwig Erhard and Kurt Georg Kiesinger portrayed by Günter Rittner in 1974 and 1976.
- Willy Brandt was originally portrayed by Georg Meistermann . Meistermann's picture represents a 'critical form' of the representative portrait, but shows almost no visible reference to Brandt's person and meaning. The later Chancellor Helmut Schmidt therefore had the picture removed from the Chancellery gallery, and Helmut Kohl replaced it with a realistically painted likeness of Brandt by the Düsseldorf painter Oswald Petersen .
- Helmut Schmidt decided to work with the East German artist Bernhard Heisig , who portrayed him in 1986, while Germany was still divided .
- Helmut Kohl had himself painted by a student of Heisig, Albrecht Gehse .
- Gerhard Schröder decided on a painting by Jörg Immendorff .
building-costs
The construction costs amounted to 465 million marks (adjusted for purchasing power in today's currency: around 600 million euros). According to other reports, the Federal Chancellery cost 513.3 million marks instead of the originally planned 398.5 million.
use
In addition to the work rooms, the building also has 200 m² living space for the Federal Chancellor, with the largest part of the area being taken up by two representative rooms, while only around 28 m² are available for actual residential use. As with the Chancellor's bungalow in Bonn, the use by the Chancellor is not specified. Chancellor Angela Merkel prefers to continue living in her private apartment at Am Kupfergraben across from Museum Island . Her predecessor Gerhard Schröder (term of office 1998-2005), who moved into the new Chancellery as the first Federal Chancellor, only used the premises during working weeks, while his family continued to live in Hanover .
House technic
A block-type thermal power station that runs on biodiesel is installed in the basement of the Federal Chancellery . There were failures here and there. In addition, the block -type thermal power station has a combined heat, power and cooling system , so that the Chancellery can also be air-conditioned in summer. Excess heat from the block-type thermal power station is temporarily stored in a natural layer of soil containing salt water at a depth of 300 meters below the Reichstag.
A photovoltaic system with an area of around 1300 m² is installed on the roof of the Chancellery . The solar modules have a nominal electrical output of around 150 kW p . The generated electrical energy is converted into AC voltage by a total of 90 inverters and fed into the house network in a decentralized manner. Additional demand for electrical energy is covered exclusively by green electricity .
The basic requirement for a self-sufficient energy supply is an energy-saving system technology. In the area of air conditioning, multifunctional heat recovery systems are used for the total of 280,000 m³ / h of outside air output , in which indirect adiabatic evaporative cooling is integrated. Overall, the following performance savings are achieved:
- 2040 kW: Reduced heat generation capacity through heat recovery
- 660 kW: Reduced refrigeration machine output due to cold recovery / adiabatic cooling
- 220 kW: Reduced electrical connection power thanks to efficient technology
The fundamental aim of heat recovery is to minimize primary energy consumption. In addition to the needs of the energy industry, ecological requirements are also in the foreground. Particularly with regard to the Kyoto Protocol , the Federal Chancellery avoids 1,400 tons of CO 2 emissions per year to protect the climate .
Vernacular
The Federal Chancellery is mainly referred to by tourist guides and journalists as the “elephant toilet” or “Kohllosseum” in reference to the former Federal Chancellor Helmut Kohl ; "Washing machine" and, more rarely, "Federal washing machine" or "Chancellor washing machine".
Web links
- The history of the Chancellor Gallery. From: Welt.de , January 19, 2007, accessed on August 25, 2017.
- Federal Chancellery: The Chancellor Gallery . Video with the individual portraits of the Chancellor Gallery on Spiegel Online .
Individual evidence
- ↑ Hagen Eying, Alexander Kluy, Gina Siegel (editorial): Democracy as a builder. Federal buildings in Berlin from 1991 to 2000 . Ed .: Federal Ministry for Transport, Building and Housing. 1st edition. Junius Verlag, Hamburg 2000, ISBN 3-88506-290-9 , p. 152-167 .
- ↑ On a design aspect of the Marie Luise Birkholz Court of Honor: Multi-layered floor. A description of the horizontal design in front of the Federal Chancellery. In: Karl Braun , Claus-Marco Dieterich, Angelareiber (Ed.): Materialization of culture. Discourses - things - practices. Königshausen & Neumann, Würzburg 2015, ISBN 978-3-8260-5594-2 , pp. 242-253.
- ↑ Refurbishment of the facade of the Federal Chancellery. In: Die Welt , June 4, 2007, accessed July 19, 2013.
- ↑ The Chancellery - ready for renovation. In: Handelsblatt , March 9, 2009, accessed on July 19, 2013.
- ^ Antje Sirleschtow: The Federal Chancellery is being expanded. In: tagesspiegel.de . January 14, 2019, accessed January 15, 2019 .
- ↑ n-tv news: The Chancellery is massively enlarged. Retrieved January 15, 2019 .
- ↑ Federal Chancellery Entry at structurae.de
- ^ Government district: Expensive Berlin pavement. In: FAZ , November 2, 2001
- ↑ The Chancellery still stands for nothing . In: The world . May 1, 2011. Retrieved September 18, 2014.
- ↑ Energy supply in the Federal Chancellery ( Memento from October 7, 2005 in the Internet Archive )
- ↑ berlin-magazin.info ( Memento from October 9, 2010 in the Internet Archive )
- ↑ picture at flickr.com