Max Habermann
Max Habermann (born March 21, 1885 in Altona ; † October 30, 1944 in Gifhorn ) was a bookseller , trade unionist and belonged to the inner circle of the German resistance from July 20, 1944 . He was married to Anni Stoffers and had two daughters and five sons with her.
Life
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After Max Habermann had completed his vocational training as a bookseller, he became involved in 1907, first as a member and later as a member of the board of the German National Sales Aid Association (DHV). He was also a board member of the General Association of Christian Trade Unions . In April 1933, Habermann was removed from his offices by the National Socialists and placed under house arrest because he was deeply convinced of his opposition to National Socialism.
Habermann's rejection of National Socialism was increased by the regime's open willingness to use violence in the so-called Röhm Putsch of 1934. From this point on, he collected opposition members from the Christian trade union movement in his Berlin office supplies store (founded in 1934) and made contacts with other resistance groups. So from the winter of 1934/35 to the circles around Jakob Kaiser and Wilhelm Leuschner , with whom he planned a future unified union that was to be implemented after the overthrow of the Nazi regime. From 1938 on, Habermann also had ties to the opposition in the Wehrmacht .
After the assassination attempt on Adolf Hitler and thus the attempted coup on July 20, 1944 failed, Max Habermann initially hid with friends in Bielefeld and tried to stay with his wife after the house was destroyed by a bomb attack. During this attempt, however, Habermann was captured by the Gestapo and taken to the Gifhorn judicial prison. The night after his arrest he committed suicide in order not to have to divulge under torture the names of those involved in the assassination attempt of July 20, 1944, who were still alive .
Honors
In Gifhorn, Hamburg-Lohbrügge, Bonn, Bielefeld and Karlsruhe streets were named after the resister. The Habermannzeile commemorates him near the Plötzensee memorial in Berlin .
In Berlin-Lichterfelde there is a stumbling block in front of the house at Ostpreußendamm 51, where Max Habermann lived.
literature
- Helmut Esters and Hans Pegler: trade unionists in the resistance. Bonn 1983.
- Albert Krebs : Habermann, Max. In: New German Biography (NDB). Volume 7, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 1966, ISBN 3-428-00188-5 , p. 397 f. ( Digitized version ).
- Ludwig Rosenberg , Bernhard Tacke : The way to the unified union . Edited by the DGB Federal Board. Printing: satz + druck gmbh, Düsseldorf 1977.
- August Winnig : From twenty years. In memory of the friends Max Habermann, Ulrich von Oertzen , Kurt Freiherr von Plettenberg , Fritz-Dietlof Graf von der Schulenburg . Wittig, Hamburg 1948.
- Peter Rütters: Max Habermann and the union resistance against National Socialism. Problems of a Biographical Reconstruction. In: Historical-Political Messages . Volume 20, 2013.
Web links
- Literature by and about Max Habermann in the catalog of the German National Library
- Short biography of the German Resistance Memorial Center
- Max Habermann in the online version of the Reich Chancellery Edition Files. Weimar Republic
Individual evidence
- ^ Habermann line. In: Street name lexicon of the Luisenstädtischer Bildungsverein (near Kaupert )
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Habermann, Max |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Booksellers and resistance fighters |
| DATE OF BIRTH | March 21, 1885 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Altona |
| DATE OF DEATH | October 30, 1944 |
| Place of death | Gifhorn |