Liebig (gender)

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The house coat of arms as it is carried by the middle-class members of the Liebig family: A crossed out, turned four outgoing anchor in one above

Liebig is the name of an originally Lutheran family that comes from the Hessian Odenwald in the historic Landgraviate of Hessen-Darmstadt and can be traced back to the Middle Ages . The Darmstadt branch was hereditary ennobled in 1845 . Branches of the sex persist now.

The family, which is one of the oldest families in today's Fischbachtal , gained global importance through the famous chemist Justus Liebig (* 1803; † 1873). After numerous institutions and streets were named to this day and its scientific work in the chemical field is considered the cornerstone of modern chemistry .

Some details named in honor of the university professor Liebig only bear the family name. It is here the Mount Liebig or item liebigite perform.

history

First mentions and family name

The Liebigs are a very old Hessian family. The recorded mentions of the name Liebig in the variations Liebinge and Liebing in today's Modautal and Ober-Ramstadt go back to the Middle Ages. As early as 1382 in Wembach the hooves were called Liebinge un erben . Contze Liebing is documented in Ernsthofen in 1415 . In 1431 a member of the family is named in Nieder-Modau , who paid the gradient for a wilderness area there .

The family name Liebig is probably based on its origin, a patronymic of the male given name Philipp.

Stem row

It is documented that the family comes from Ueberau near Reinheim . A Peter Liebig is documented there for the year 1550. The secured regular series begins on November 11, 1574 with Hans Liebig († after 1607), who in Ueberau with the local Kastenhof or Heiligenhof invested was. This Hans Liebig appears in Reinheim as an alderman , caste master and mayor .

In 1638 his grandson of the same name, Hans Liebig (* 1595; † 1651), returned his feudal letter for the ecclesiastical Heiligenhof in Reinheim, which his grandfather once received. He justified this with the fact that his own properties were lying idle and he would otherwise not be able to manage them. His son Hans Heinrich Liebig (* 1641; † 1727) married the mayor's daughter Maria Rebecca Beilstein (* 1638; † 1713) from Niedernhausen in 1661 . After him there were no more representatives of the sex in Reinheim.

The genealogy of the early sex leads to the family of the master blacksmith Schwebel, who were respected in the 18th century and have been in Niedernhausen since 1577 . Daughters of this family appear several times in the Liebig line. Even Justus Liebig can be traced back to this old South Hessian family with Anna Eva Schwebel (* 1671; † 1742). Furthermore, the chemist Friedrich Konrad Beilstein (* 1838; † 1906) is related to the Liebig family.

Branches

From the straight line of trees, the family divides into two branches: the Groß-Bieberauer branch and the Obernhausener branch . The first brought forth the Darmstadt branch via the elder Unterast , from which the baronial house was formed. The progenitor of the Groß-Bieberauer branch is the lordly Zehnder and landgrave courtier Johann Heinrich Liebig (* 1693; † 1761), who first lived in Niedernhausen and came to Groß-Bieberau in 1722 . There Liebig acquired valuable goods as well as a riding court in today's Ernst-Ludwig-Straße 2 .

With his eldest son Johann Sebastian Liebig (* 1719, † 1794) the line continues in Groß-Bieberau. The great-grandfather of the famous chemist and ancestor of many well-known personalities married Anna Margaretha Weber (* 1719). He was like his father Hofmann and lived in Groß-Bieberau a house in the cul de sac 6 and 1770 to 1777 he was in Niedernhausen Beständer of Hessischer Hof , a landgraves Good.

The eldest son of Johann Sebastian Liebig, Johann Adam Liebig (* 1742; † after 1766) moved to the Volga region as an emigrant . He married Elisabeth Rebekka Zierkübel in Büdingen in 1766 .

Branches

The portrait of Carl Friedrich Wilhelm Adolph Trautschold shows Justus Liebig, the grandson of Johann Ludwig Liebig from Groß-Bieberau, painted in oil. He is one of the most prominent natural scientists in history

The three remaining sons of Sebastian Liebig trained the individual branches of the older lower branch . Johann Ludwig Liebig (* 1747; † 1818) founded the Darmstadt branch . From his first marriage with Mary Catherine Abel (* 1747, † 1806) which rises druggist and paint dealer , who was the father of the world-famous chemist Justus Liebig Johann Georg Liebig († 1850 * 1775). This branch of the Liebigs is related to the Harnack , Delbrück and Thiersch families as well as to descendants of the Westermann publishers or the Carrière family . In addition, Elly Heuss-Knapp (* 1881; † 1952), the wife of former Federal President Theodor Heuss (* 1884; † 1963), belongs to the Darmstadt branch of the Liebigs, which with its two bourgeois houses also produced pharmacists , high school teachers and print shop owners as well as manufacturers in Hanover , to which the chemist and nephew of Justus Liebig, Georg Heinrich Ferdinand Liebig (* 1884) from the second bourgeois house belongs. He was co-owner of the oldest German baking powder and pudding powder factory Meine & Liebig .

Members of the bourgeois houses also live in Chile .

Johann Jacob Liebig (* 1752; † 1809), the younger brother of Johann Ludwig Liebig, founded the Niedernhausen branch of the Liebigs with his wife Elisabeth Margaretha Boßler (* 1753; † 1818) . Elisabeth Margaretha Boßler was the daughter of the Landgrave Bachknecht and Wingertsmaster Johann Heinrich Boßler (* 1725, † 1786) from Rodau . Through them, the Niedernhausen branch is related to well-known offspring of the Boßler family. There is also a genealogical connection to the Neunkirchen tribe of the Dingeldey family, also known as Dingeldein . This is genealogically interwoven with the Niedernhausen branch of the Liebigs and, in addition to theologians and higher officials, continued to produce well-known personalities. For example the politician Eduard Dingeldey (* 1886, † 1942).

The Dingeldey also formed a marriage circle with the Büchner family, from which the writer Georg Büchner (* 1813; † 1837) emerged . The resulting ancestral community extends into the Niedernhausen branch .

The descendants of this arbitrarily rule branch can be found today along with the descendants of Johann Daniel Liebig (* 1762, † 1820), and its related with him wife Charlotta Sophia Liebig (* 1776) from the Middle sub-branch , founded wholesale Bieber Auer branch in the USA again.

Status surveys

On December 29, 1845 was carried out for Prof. Dr. rer. nat . et phil. Justus Liebig by Grand Duke Ludwig II of Hesse and by the Rhine in Darmstadt because of his scientific merits, the elevation to the hereditary nobility with the award of the title of baron . On December 18, 1852, Justus Liebig was enrolled in the baron class of the royal Bavarian nobility. From this ennoblement, the so-called baronial house of the Darmstadt branch was formed from the Liebig family.

Baron coat of arms

The heraldic correct representation of the baronial Liebig family coat of arms
The coat of arms of the Freiherren von Liebig with incorrect representation of the oak leaves in the Evangelical Chapel in Bad Salzhausen

The baronial Liebigsche family coat of arms : shield in red with a silver sloping bar , covered with a green oak branch , which is decorated with seven green leaves and three golden acorns , which stand between the side leaves, two on the right and one on the left. The upper right between the first and second, the lower right between the second and third and the left glans between the second and third leaf. One leaf faces up and of the other three to the right and three to the left. On the shield there is a crowned helmet which has three ostrich feathers in green, silver and red. The helmet covers are green-silver . An illustration with an incomplete number of oak leaves can also be found in Siebmacher's book of arms .

Representative (selection)

literature

  • Gothaisches genealogical pocket book of the baronial houses . Volume 6 - Part A, Verlag Justus Perthes , Gotha 1856, ZDB -ID 204183-2 , pp. 405-406.
  • Hessian gender book . Volume 3 - Volume 52 of the complete series of the genealogical manual of bourgeois families , Starke Verlag , Görlitz 1927, ZDB -ID 2252-4 , pp. 294–342.
  • Hessian gender book . Volume 5 - Volume 64 of the complete series of the Genealogical Handbook of Bourgeois Families, Starke Verlag, Görlitz 1929, ZDB -ID 2252-4 , pp. 250-252.
  • Darmstadt gender book . (Vol. 1) Volume 7 - Volume 69 of the complete series of the Genealogical Handbook of Bourgeois Families, Starke Verlag, Görlitz 1927, ZDB -ID 1041-8 , pp. 304-318.
  • Dr. Georg Spalt: The Liebig family , Groß-Bieberau 1974, ( OCLC 500132253 ), pp. 5-47.
  • Genealogical manual of the aristocracy enrolled in Bavaria, Volume XIV. Wissenschaftlicher Kommissionsverlag, Stegaurach 1982, ISBN 3-7686-5055-3 , p. 80.
  • Dr. Adam Heldmann: The founding of families in the new Bieberau . In: 1200 years of Groß-Bieberau - contributions to its history . Published by the city council of Groß-Bieberau, Groß-Bieberau 1987, ( OCLC 74938227 ), pp. 69–70, 75.
  • Genealogical manual of the nobility , Adelslexikon . Volume VII - Volume 97 of the complete series, Starke Verlag, Limburg an der Lahn 1989, ISSN  0435-2408 , p. 357.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Dr. Bernhard Koerner (Ed.): Hessian gender book . tape 3 - volume 52 of the complete series of the Genealogical Handbook of Bourgeois Families. Starke Verlag , 1927, ZDB -ID 2252-4 , Liebig, Freiherr v. Liebig, from Überau in the Hessian Odenwald , p. 295 .
  2. ↑ Dr. Bernhard Koerner (Ed.): Handbook of Herald's Art . tape 2 - tie runes. Starke Verlag, Görlitz 1923, OCLC 1080223897 , The bond with the Tyr rune (pard tyr) , p. 261, fig. 129 .
  3. ↑ Dr. Georg Spalt: The municipality of Fischbachtal and its districts - With 12 illustrations and a map . Self-published by the Fischbachtal community, Fischbachtal 1972, OCLC 180041715 , p. 59-60 .
  4. ↑ Dr. Georg Spalt: The Liebig family . Self-published by Dr. Georg Spalt, Groß-Bieberau 1974, OCLC 500132253 , III. The Liebig in the Rhine-Main area , p. 7 .
  5. ↑ Dr. Bernhard Koerner (Ed.): Hessian gender book . tape 3 - volume 52 of the complete series of the Genealogical Handbook of Bourgeois Families. Starke Verlag, 1927, ZDB -ID 2252-4 , Liebig, Freiherr v. Liebig, from Überau in the Hessian Odenwald , p. 291-296 .
  6. ^ Walter von Hueck: Genealogical manual of the nobility . Volume VII. Nobility Lexicon - Volume 97 of the entire series. Starke Verlag, 1989, ZDB -ID 963126-4 , p. 357 .
  7. ↑ Willy Andreas and Wilhelm von Scholz (eds.): The Great Germans - New German Biography in four volumes . tape 3 . Propylaea Verlag , Berlin 1936, OCLC 1804149 , p. 500 .
  8. ↑ Dr. Georg Spalt: The Liebig family . Self-published by Dr. Georg Spalt, Groß-Bieberau 1974, OCLC 500132253 , III. The Liebig in the Rhine-Main area , p. 8 .
  9. ↑ Dr. Bernhard Koerner (Ed.): Hessian gender book . tape 3 - volume 52 of the complete series of the Genealogical Handbook of Bourgeois Families. Starke Verlag, 1927, ZDB -ID 2252-4 , Liebig, Freiherr v. Liebig, from Überau in the Hessian Odenwald , p. 301 .
  10. ↑ Dr. Bernhard Koerner (Ed.): Hessian gender book . tape 5 - band 64 of the complete series of the Genealogical Handbook of Bourgeois Families. Starke Verlag, 1929, ZDB -ID 2252-4 , Schwebel from Niederhausen im Odenwald , p. 250, 251-252 .
  11. ^ Rudolf Ostertag:  Beilstein, Friedrich. In: New German Biography (NDB). Volume 2, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 1955, ISBN 3-428-00183-4 , p. 20 ( digitized version ).
  12. ↑ Dr. Bernhard Koerner (Ed.): Hessian gender book . tape 3 - volume 52 of the complete series of the Genealogical Handbook of Bourgeois Families. Starke Verlag, 1927, ZDB -ID 2252-4 , Liebig, Freiherr v. Liebig, from Überau in the Hessian Odenwald , p. 303 .
  13. ↑ a b Dr. Adam Heldmann: 1200 years of Groß-Bieberau - contributions to its history . Ed .: Magistrate of the City of Groß-Bieberau. Groß-Bieberau 1987, OCLC 74938227 , The founding of families in the new Bieberau , p. 69 .
  14. ↑ Prof. Dr. Diethard Köhler : Groß-Bieberauer families 1635–1750 . Volume I: Address book front Odenwald 1635–1750. Ober-Ramstadt 1987, OCLC 74998608 .
  15. ↑ Dr. Bernhard Koerner (Ed.): Darmstädter gender book . tape 7 - volume 69 of the complete series of the Genealogical Handbook of Bourgeois Families. Starke Verlag, 1927, ZDB -ID 1041-8 , p. 304 .
  16. ↑ Hans Ulrich Colmar: From Niedernhausen's past . Self-published by the Fischbachtal community, Fischbachtal 1994, OCLC 231653459 , p. 130-131 .
  17. ↑ Dr. Bernhard Koerner (Ed.): Hessian gender book . tape 3 - volume 52 of the complete series of the Genealogical Handbook of Bourgeois Families. Starke Verlag, 1927, ZDB -ID 2252-4 , Liebig, Freiherr v. Liebig, from Überau in the Hessian Odenwald , p. 305 .
  18. ↑ Dr. Karl Stumpp : The emigration from Germany to Russia in the years 1763 to 1862 . 3. Edition. Publishing house of the American Historical Association of Germans from Russia, Stuttgart 1978, DNB  943362407 , VII. Directory of emigrants and immigrants from Germany to Russia - 1. Volga region , p. 142 .
  19. ↑ Dr. Bernhard Koerner (Ed.): Darmstädter gender book . tape 7 - volume 69 of the complete series of the Genealogical Handbook of Bourgeois Families. Starke Verlag, 1927, ZDB -ID 2252-4 , p. 304-318 .
  20. ^ Liebig, Justus Freiherr von. Hessian biography. In: Landesgeschichtliches Informationssystem Hessen (LAGIS).
  21. ↑ Dr. Bernhard Koerner (Ed.): Hessian gender book . tape 3 - volume 52 of the complete series of the Genealogical Handbook of Bourgeois Families. Starke Verlag, 1927, ZDB -ID 2252-4 , Liebig, Freiherr v. Liebig, from Überau in the Hessian Odenwald , p. 317-319 .
  22. ↑ Dr. Bernhard Koerner (Ed.): Hessian gender book . tape 3 - volume 52 of the complete series of the Genealogical Handbook of Bourgeois Families. Starke Verlag, 1927, ZDB -ID 2252-4 , Liebig, Freiherr v. Liebig, from Überau in the Hessian Odenwald , p. 305-321 .
  23. ↑ Dr. Bernhard Koerner (Ed.): Hessian gender book . tape 3 - volume 52 of the complete series of the Genealogical Handbook of Bourgeois Families. Starke Verlag, 1927, ZDB -ID 2252-4 , Liebig, Freiherr v. Liebig, from Überau in the Hessian Odenwald , p. 305, 321 .
  24. ↑ Johannes Feick: Lichtenberg in the Odenwald in the past and present - described according to the sources . tape 2 . Commission publisher Ludwig Saeng, Darmstadt 1903, OCLC 179967333 , p. 107 .
  25. ↑ Prof. Dr. Diethard Köhler: Families in Rodau, Asbach, Klein-Bieberau, Webern 1635–1750 . Volume II: Address book front Odenwald 1635–1750. Ober-Ramstadt 1987, OCLC 74995814 , Rodau and Hottenbach: Families 1700–1750 .
  26. ↑ Dr. Bernhard Koerner (Ed.): Hessian gender book . tape 3 - volume 52 of the complete series of the Genealogical Handbook of Bourgeois Families. Starke Verlag, 1927, ZDB -ID 2252-4 , Liebig, Freiherr v. Liebig, from Überau in the Hessian Odenwald , p. 324 .
  27. ↑ Erika Hörr: The Dingeldein from the Odenwald . Höchst im Odenwald 2005, OCLC 1048468222 .
  28. ↑ Dr. Bernhard Koerner (Ed.): Hessian gender book . tape 3 - volume 52 of the complete series of the Genealogical Handbook of Bourgeois Families. Starke Verlag, 1927, ZDB -ID 2252-4 , Liebig, Freiherr v. Liebig, from Überau in the Hessian Odenwald , p. 324 .
  29. ↑ Clemens Steinbicker and Helmut Strehlau (eds.): German gender book . tape 192 - 49 General volume. Starke Verlag, 1986, ZDB -ID 504986-6 , Dingeldey from the Odenwald , p. 365 ff .
  30. ↑ Marianne Strutz-Koedel and Friedrich Wilhelm Euler (ed.): Hessian sex book . tape 17 - volume 144 of the complete series of the German gender book. Starke Verlag, 1967, ZDB -ID 2252-4 , Büchner , p. 24-25, 79 .
  31. ↑ Dr. Bernhard Koerner (Ed.): Hessian gender book . tape 3 - volume 52 of the complete series of the Genealogical Handbook of Bourgeois Families. Starke Verlag, 1927, ZDB -ID 2252-4 , Liebig, Freiherr v. Liebig, from Überau in the Hessian Odenwald , p. 323-326 .
  32. ^ Association of the Nobility in Bavaria e. V. (Hrsg.): Genealogical manual of the nobility enrolled in Bavaria . tape XIV . Wissenschaftlicher Kommissionsverlag, Stegaurach 1982, ISBN 3-7686-5055-3 , p. 80 .
  33. ↑ Dr. Bernhard Koerner (Ed.): Hessian gender book . tape 3 - volume 52 of the complete series of the Genealogical Handbook of Bourgeois Families. Starke Verlag, 1927, ZDB -ID 2252-4 , Liebig, Freiherr v. Liebig, from Überau in the Hessian Odenwald , p. 294 .
  34. ↑ Ernst Heinrich Kneschke (Ed.): The coats of arms of the German baronial and noble families in a precise, complete and generally understandable description - with historical and documentary evidence . tape 2 . Weigel, Leipzig 1855, v. Liebig, Freiherren , S. 278-279 ( digitized version ).
  35. ↑ Dr. Otto Titan von Hefner (Ed.): J. Siebmacher's large and general book of arms - the nobility of the electorate, grand duchy and the Landgraviate of Hesse . tape 3 - 4th division. Bauer and Raspe, Nuremberg 1859, Hessian nobility - plate 14 , p. 18 ( digitized version ).