Bad Salzhausen

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Bad Salzhausen
City of Nidda
Coordinates: 50 ° 24 ′ 57 ″  N , 8 ° 58 ′ 46 ″  E
Height : 157  (154–176)  m above sea level NHN
Area : 1.48 km²
Residents : 604  (Dec. 31, 2019)
Population density : 408 inhabitants / km²
Incorporation : 1st December 1970
Postal code : 63667
Area code : 06043
Kurhaus
Kurhaus

Bad Salzhausen is a district of Nidda in the Hessian Wetteraukreis .

Geographical location

The spa is surrounded by forest in the northern Wetterau on the southern edge of the Vogelsberg , in the middle of Upper Hesse . Bad Salzhausen was part of the Büdingen district from 1874 to 1972 .

history

Coat of arms of Ludwig Knott, Roland Krug, Johann Wilhelm Langsdorf, Justus von Liebig, Protestant chapel

The place was first mentioned in 1187 as Salzhusen , i.e. houses by the salt springs . The first mention can be found in a deed of donation from Count Berthold von Nidda to the Johanniter in Nidda, according to which the place had to provide a small tithe of 24 acres and one Malter oat. In 1315 Salzhausen is mentioned again, again with the Counts and the Johanniter, but this time in a dispute. In 1146 the place name appears in an interest register of the Nidda office. It mentions a resident who is liable to pay interest by the name of "Hensel der Soder". The name suggests that at that time salt was already being extracted in the place, even if only on a small scale. Ludwig Knott appears as the first salt boiler ( pan ) in Salzhausen. Knott operated two salt pans and employed three brewers. He had to pay the Nidda office two guilders. Because of the high consumption of wood for salt boiling (the grading of the brine was still unknown at that time), Knott's yield remained low. In 1593 the Nidda bailiff Roland Krug Salzhausen received as a fief. He introduced straw lickworks , in which grading was carried out over straw (salt water flows several times over straw and evaporates) and the salt concentration of the brine rose. The first graduation tower was built around 1600 - an important step forward compared to the previous boiling in pans. The fiefdom stayed with the family until 1729, who gradually let the saltworks fall into disrepair until the fiefdom was finally replaced. 1776–1786, the Hessian-Darmstadt Chamber Councilor Johann Wilhelm Langsdorf and his descendants introduced new technical developments. Seven graduation structures and the introduction of thorn graduation increased the level of the brine. New springs were drilled and a so-called "water art" operated pumps via an artistic rod with water from the Nidda. The 18th century was the heyday of salt production. Up to 4,600 quintals of salt were extracted each year. After several earthquakes, some springs dried up and the brine that could still be extracted had only a low salt content (solderiness). After further drilling did not help, salt production was stopped in 1860.

Johann Wilhelm Langsdorf's son, the saltworks councilor Karl Friedrich Langsdorf, created the transition from the salt boiler to the spa. At first he was only allowed to set up a room with a bathtub in one of the boiling houses for bathing purposes, at his own expense. However, after the spring's good reputation had spread, the government agreed to expand the spa operations. Oberfinanzrat Reuss, Langsdorf's successor, received state subsidies in 1821 for the opening of a bathhouse. Since Salzhausen was planning a spa, the chemist Justus von Liebig analyzed the brine so that it could also be used industrially. However, a chemical production facility in today's church had to be closed due to a lack of profitability. Liebig unconsciously produced elemental bromine during his analyzes in 1824 .

In 1825 he wrote to the cabinet secretary Schleiermacher:

“On the occasion of the analysis of the brine in Salzhausen, I suggested to the finance minister that the mother liquor should be used on hydrochloric acid and Epsom salt. Some time ago I received the order to set up a factory for hydrochloric acid and Epsom salt in Salzhausen, which was extremely poor will bring the state a profit of 2000-3000 florins . I was in Salzhausen myself a fortnight ago, it is really a shame that the bathing establishment was not expanded further right from the start, and orders are still coming in daily for apartments that cannot be accepted because there is no longer any space for bathers. One cannot have the slightest doubt about the really strange effects of this brine, I have convinced myself by looking at it that people have been completely restored in Salzhausen by taking 20-30 baths after bathing in vain in Wiesbaden and Ems. Incidentally, the facilities are quite functional, one lives in Salzhausen quite comfortably and cheaply. "

The councilor and first spa doctor in Salzhausen, Johann Adam Graff, cited Liebig's analysis in his work on the Salzhausen mineral springs, as did Graff's successor, Karl Phillip Möller.

Development stagnated at the end of the 19th century and little more than 300 spa guests visited the place. In 1897 Salzhausen was connected to the Friedberg-Nidda railway line and experienced a new boom. As early as the season (May – September) 1898, 4,739 bathing tickets were sold. In 1990 there were 18,634 spa guests.

Around 1900 Bad Salzhausen had 76 inhabitants. Although the place became an independent municipality at the same time, it was co-administered by the mayor of neighboring Kohden until 1914 . It was not until the 1950s that the spa business was expanded to cover the whole year over the summer season.

Territorial reform

As part of the regional reform in Hesse , the previously independent municipalities of Bad Salzhausen, Borsdorf, Fauerbach bei Nidda, Geiß-Nidda, Harb, Kohden, Michelnau, Ober-Lais, Ober-Schmitten, Ober-Widdersheim, Stornfels, merged on December 1, 1970 Ulfa, Unter-Schmitten, Wallernhausen and the city of Nidda to form the new city of Nidda.

Population development

Source: Historical local dictionary

  • 1961: 206 Protestant, 65 Catholic residents
Bad Salzhausen: Population from 1905 to 2019
year     Residents
1905
  
 87
1910
  
 75
1939
  
 205
1946
  
 486
1950
  
 404
1956
  
 346
1961
  
 291
1967
  
 326
1970
  
 361
1980
  
 ?
1990
  
 ?
1996
  
 590
2000
  
 554
2006
  
 614
2010
  
 568
2011
  
 534
2016
  
 656
2019
  
 604
Data source: Historical municipality register for Hesse: The population of the municipalities from 1834 to 1967. Wiesbaden: Hessisches Statistisches Landesamt, 1968.
Further sources:; from 2000:; 2011 census

politics

The mayor is Hans-Joachim Schwarz (as of July 2017) .

Culture

House Christiansruh

In 1826 Georg Moller built the Kurhaus (Kurstraße 2), to which a side wing was added in 1836. In 1827 he created the Parksaal (former dance hall). The baroque house in Kurstraße 4/6/8 is the oldest house in the health resort and dates back to the salt boiling period. The slated building at Quellenstrasse 2 dates from the same time, the late baroque bell house at Quellenstrasse 6 from 1760. The Christiansruh house, a half-timbered building originally built in 1899, stands on a property away from the street. The bathhouse at Kurstraße 2 was moved from Bad Nauheim to Salzhausen in 1906.

The 52 hectare spa park was laid out in 1826 by Heinrich Karl Bindernagel and is one of the oldest spa parks in Germany. Dieter Schiele's painting school is located in it . An old tree population and a pond on the former circular graduation building have been preserved.

Economy and Infrastructure

Health resort

The spa house and park were built and laid out in the 19th century. In 1860 the production of salt was stopped. Only the spa was maintained. A second spa park was set up in the 1950s. The brine bath offers exercise baths and many other forms of therapy. The graduation tower is used for respiratory therapy. Likewise are the six healing springs

  • Roland pitcher source
  • Lithium source
  • Steel source
  • Sulfur source
  • Source of the Nibelung
  • Södergrundquelle

used for treatments.

The Asklepios company operates the neurological clinic.

traffic

Some distance from the town is the federal highway 455 to the west and the federal highway 457 to the east . Bad Salzhausen is located west of Nidda. The place is on the Beienheim – Schotten railway line (Friedberg - Nidda). The Bad Salzhausen stop received its station building (today a restaurant) in 1900. Local public transport is provided by the Hessian State Railway HLB.

Personalities

  • Wilhelm Wagenbach (1876–1945), university professor for mechanical engineering, died in Bad Salzhausen.
  • Paul Laven (1902–1979), radio journalist and writer, died in Bad Salzhausen.
  • Ilse Behl (* 1937), writer

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c Bad Salzhausen, Wetterau district. Historical local dictionary for Hessen. (As of March 23, 2018). In: Landesgeschichtliches Informationssystem Hessen (LAGIS).
  2. ↑ a b Nidda in numbers. In: Website of the city of Nidda, accessed in May 2020.
  3. ^ Johann Adam Graff: Some notes about the mineral spring in Salzhausen and its healing powers , JW Heyer. Darmstadt 1825
  4. ↑ Karl Philipp Möller: Reports from the experience about the effect and use of the Sool baths, especially in Salzhausen. Instructions for the appropriate use of the same for spa guests and prospective doctors , Ludwig Pabst, Darmstadt 1835
  5. ↑ Amalgamation of the city of Nidda and the municipalities of Bad Salzhausen, Borsdorf, Fauerbach, Geiß-Nidda, Harb, Kohden, Michelnau, Ober-Lais, Ober-Schmitten, Ober-Widdersheim, Stornfels, Ulfa, Unter-Schmitten, Wallernhausen in the district of Büdingen new town "Nidda" from November 24, 1970 . In: The Hessian Minister of the Interior (Ed.): State Gazette for the State of Hesse. 1970 No. 49 , p. 2290 , point 2281 ( online at the information system of the Hessian state parliament [PDF; 6.3 MB ]).
  6. ^ Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality directory for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart / Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 351 .
  7. ^ Nidda in numbers. In: website. City of Nidda, archived from the original on October 4, 2011 ; accessed in November 2011 .
  8. ↑ Selected data on population and households on May 9, 2011 in the Hessian municipalities and parts of the municipality. (PDF; 1 MB) In: 2011 Census . Hessian State Statistical Office;

Web links

Commons : Bad Salzhausen  - Collection of images
Wikivoyage: Nidda  - travel guide