Kohden

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Kohden
City of Nidda
Coat of arms of Kohden
Coordinates: 50 ° 25 ′ 25 ″  N , 9 ° 0 ′ 38 ″  E
Height : 134 m above sea level NHN
Area : 2.37 km²
Residents : 868  (Dec. 31, 2019)
Population density : 366 inhabitants / km²
Incorporation : 1st December 1970
Postal code : 63667
Area code : 06043

Kohden , probably from Middle High German "Kote", which means Kötter , is a district of Nidda in the Hessian Wetteraukreis . It is located north of the core city of Nidda and is seamlessly connected to it.

history

The oldest known documentary mention of Kohden under the name Coden comes from the year 1187 . The village belonged to the county of Nidda , and so its history is closely linked to that of the Niddas. Count Berthold II of Nidda, himself a feudal lord of the Fulda Abbey , donated the parish of Nidda to the Order of St. John in 1187 with numerous properties and income from the near and far, including those in Kohden, as it is said, to redeem his sins and to Salvation of his parents' soul. This so-called Johanniter certificate shows that the residents of Kohden had to give the "small tithe " (tree and garden fruits) and 1 Malter oat to the Johanniter every year .

The Old Castle , however, are visible from the today only small remnants should, as early as the mid-12th century the by Emperor Frederick Barbarossa because of breach of the peace with the outlawed occupied Count Berthold I of Nidda as robber barons have served.

In 1205 the county of Nidda, and with it Kohden, fell by marriage and inheritance to the Counts of Ziegenhain . When Count Johann II von Ziegenhain and Nidda died childless in 1450, the two counties came to the Landgraviate of Hesse .

For the first time, an accurate picture of the legal situation in Kohden at that time can be derived from a sage book of the Nidda office , which was created under Landgrave Philip the Magnanimous (1504–1567). Thereafter Kohden was a village that belonged to the Nidda court and was therefore subordinate to the Landgrave of Hesse or his officials in Nidda. Specifically, was performed which tasks and Frondienste the Kohdener basic serfs had to do was with a clear distinction between those who owned a plow - a total of 8 - and those that were without Plow: 19. Most of the cultivated land that time seems to To have heard landgraves, but also the Johanniter commandery was wealthy at least until the introduction of the Reformation in the district of Kohden.

After the death of Philip the Magnanimous, the county of Nidda fell to Landgrave Ludwig IV of Hesse-Marburg in 1567 , and after his death in 1604 to the Landgrave of Hesse-Darmstadt .

In 1821 the now Grand Duchy of Hesse-Darmstadt , consisting of the provinces of Upper Hesse and Starkenburg , was divided into districts for better administration; Kohden with its approx. 360 inhabitants belonged to the district of Nidda in the province of Upper Hesse.

The statistical-topographical-historical description of the Grand Duchy of Hesse reports on Kohden in 1830:

"Kohden (L. Bez. Nidda) evangel. Branch village; lies on the Nidda, and 14 h from the city of Nidda. The place has 68 houses and 361 Protestant residents, among whom there are 42 farmers and 38 professionals, and among the latter there are 10 stalls. There is also a brick factory here. - The place takes its name from Kotten (salt sod). The earliest news about the salt works is from 1577, from which it is clear that it was mainly due to a lack of wood and because it did not cover the costs, but at that time it was left to someone by Dorneck. "

In 1874 there was again an administrative reform in the Grand Duchy of Hesse-Darmstadt: the districts were reorganized, the Nidda district was dissolved and added to the Büdingen district. At that time Kohden had about 420 inhabitants, mainly farmers, craftsmen and day laborers. Above all, the Kohden potters were known through their home community, who negotiated their goods with their own wagons as far as Butzbach, a day or two away, and in the eastern Taunus. The sales area extended as far as the Weiltal , and even today one can still find Kohden goods under the earthenware in peasant households there. Kohden “Dibbe” (pots) are now also on display in the Hessenpark open-air museum. The last Kohden kiln, it was in Bachgasse, was only demolished in 1983.

As part of the regional reform in Hesse , the previously independent municipalities of Bad Salzhausen, Borsdorf, Fauerbach bei Nidda, Geiß-Nidda, Harb, Kohden, Michelnau, Ober-Lais, Ober-Schmitten, Ober-Widdersheim, Stornfels, merged on December 1, 1970 Ulfa, Unter-Schmitten, Wallernhausen and the city of Nidda to form the new city of Nidda.

Territorial history and administration

The following list gives an overview of the territories in which Kohden was located or the administrative units to which it was subordinate:

Population development

• 1791: 225 inhabitants
• 1800: 221 inhabitants
• 1806: 324 inhabitants, 64 houses
• 1829: 361 inhabitants, 68 houses
• 1867: 439 inhabitants, 95 inhabited buildings
• 1875: 436 inhabitants, 97 inhabited buildings
Kohden: Population from 1791 to 2019
year     Residents
1791
  
225
1800
  
221
1806
  
324
1829
  
361
1834
  
463
1840
  
519
1846
  
480
1852
  
569
1858
  
484
1864
  
461
1871
  
465
1875
  
436
1885
  
445
1895
  
426
1905
  
363
1910
  
335
1925
  
371
1939
  
381
1946
  
584
1950
  
596
1956
  
590
1961
  
706
1967
  
773
1970
  
795
1980
  
?
1990
  
?
1996
  
989
2000
  
986
2006
  
949
2010
  
875
2011
  
819
2016
  
828
2019
  
868
Data source: Historical municipality register for Hesse: The population of the municipalities from 1834 to 1967. Wiesbaden: Hessisches Statistisches Landesamt, 1968.
Further sources:; from 2000:; 2011 census

Religious affiliation

• 1829: 361 Protestant (= 100%) residents
• 1961: 551 Protestant (= 78.05%) and 136 Catholic (= 19.26%) residents

politics

Local board

The village director is Gabriele Reichhold (as of June 2016) .

badges and flags

The municipality of Kohden only had its own coat of arms since August 4, 1961. At that time, the Hessian Minister of the Interior of the municipality of Kohden granted permission to use the coat of arms described below and the flag described below:

Blazon : "In gold on a beseiteten top of each a blue vine leaf red cross of St. John, a black heart sign with achtstrahligem silver star hung up."

Flag description: "On a wide white central track - each with a narrow red side track - placed the municipal coat of arms."

The vine leaves remind us that as early as 1329 there was talk of Kohden wine - Franconian and meaner - in a document. The Johanniterkreuz refers to the first documentary mention in the so-called Johanniterurkunde and the eight-pointed star to the former membership of Kohden in the county of Ziegenhain . No coat of arms is known from the time of the Counts of Nidda.

literature

Web links

Commons : Kohden  - Collection of Images

Individual evidence

  1. a b c d Kohden, Wetteraukreis. Historical local dictionary for Hessen. (As of October 16, 2018). In: Landesgeschichtliches Informationssystem Hessen (LAGIS).
  2. a b Nidda in numbers. In: Website of the city of Nidda, accessed in May 2020.
  3. ^ Karl Christian Eigenbrodt , certificates. in: AHG 2, Darmstadt 1841, pp. 117-139, no. 32.
  4. ^ A b c Georg Wilhelm Justin Wagner : Statistical-topographical-historical description of the Grand Duchy of Hesse: Province of Upper Hesse . tape 3 . Carl Wilhelm Leske, Darmstadt August 1830, OCLC 312528126 , p. 149 ( online at google books ).
  5. ↑ Amalgamation of the city of Nidda and the municipalities of Bad Salzhausen, Borsdorf, Fauerbach near Nidda, Geiß-Nidda, Harb, Kohden, Michelnau, Ober-Lais, Ober-Schmitten, Ober-Widdersheim, Stornfels, Ulfa, Unter-Schmitten, Wallernhausen in the district Büdingen on the new town "Nidda" from November 24, 1970 . In: The Hessian Minister of the Interior (Ed.): State Gazette for the State of Hesse. 1970 No. 49 , p. 2290 , point 2281 ( online at the information system of the Hessian state parliament [PDF; 6.3 MB ]).
  6. ^ Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality directory for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart / Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 351 .
  7. ^ Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. State of Hesse. (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006).
  8. ^ Grand Ducal Central Office for State Statistics (ed.): Contributions to the statistics of the Grand Duchy of Hesse . tape 13 . G. Jonghause's Hofbuchhandlung, Darmstadt 1872, DNB  013163434 , OCLC 162730471 , p. 12 ff . ( Online at google books ).
  9. Martin Röhling: Niddaer Geschichtsblätter. Issue 9 . The story of the Counts of Nidda and the Counts of Ziegenhain. Ed .: Niddaer Heimatmuseum e. V. Im Selbstverlag, 2005, ISBN 3-9803915-9-0 , p. 75, 115 .
  10. ^ The affiliation of the Nidda office based on maps from the Historical Atlas of Hesse : Hessen-Marburg 1567-1604 . , Hessen-Kassel and Hessen-Darmstadt 1604-1638 . and Hessen-Darmstadt 1567-1866 .
  11. ^ Grand Ducal Central Office for State Statistics (ed.): Contributions to the statistics of the Grand Duchy of Hesse . tape 13 . G. Jonghause's Hofbuchhandlung, Darmstadt 1872, DNB  013163434 , OCLC 162730471 , p. 13 ff ., § 26 point d) IX. ( Online at google books ).
  12. a b Hessen-Darmstadt state and address calendar 1791 . In the publishing house of the Invaliden-Anstalt, Darmstadt 1791, p.  203 ff . ( Online in the HathiTrust digital library ).
  13. Wilhelm von der Nahmer: Handbuch des Rheinischen Particular-Rechts: Development of the territorial and constitutional relations of the German states on both banks of the Rhine: from the first beginning of the French Revolution up to the most recent times . tape 3 . Sauerländer, Frankfurt am Main 1832, OCLC 165696316 , p. 9 ( online at google books ).
  14. a b Hessen-Darmstadt state and address calendar 1806 . In the publishing house of the Invaliden-Anstalt, Darmstadt 1806, p.  268 ff . ( Online in the HathiTrust digital library ).
  15. Latest countries and ethnology. A geographical reader for all stands. Kur-Hessen, Hessen-Darmstadt and the free cities. tape  22 . Weimar 1821, p. 421 ( online at Google Books ).
  16. ^ Georg W. Wagner: Statistical-topographical-historical description of the Grand Duchy of Hesse: Province of Upper Hesse . tape 3 . Carl Wilhelm Leske, Darmstadt 1830, p. 181 ff . ( online at Google Books ).
  17. Law on the repeal of the provinces of Starkenburg, Upper Hesse and Rheinhessen from April 1, 1937 . In: The Reichsstatthalter in Hessen Sprengler (Hrsg.): Hessisches Regierungsblatt. 1937 no.  8 , p. 121 ff . ( Online at the information system of the Hessian State Parliament [PDF; 11.2 MB ]).
  18. Hessen-Darmstadt state and address calendar 1800 . In the publishing house of the Invaliden-Anstalt, Darmstadt 1800, p.  222 ff . ( Online in the HathiTrust digital library ).
  19. Housing spaces 1867 . In: Grossherzogliche Centralstelle für die Landesstatistik (Ed.): Contributions to the statistics of the Grand Duchy of Hesse . tape 13 . G. Jonghause's Hofbuchhandlung, Darmstadt 1877, DNB  013163434 , OCLC 162730484 , p. 121 ( online at google books ).
  20. Residential places 1875 . In: Grossherzogliche Centralstelle für die Landesstatistik (Ed.): Contributions to the statistics of the Grand Duchy of Hesse . tape 15 . G. Jonghause's Hofbuchhandlung, Darmstadt 1877, DNB  013163434 , OCLC 162730484 , p. 14 ( online at google books ).
  21. ^ Nidda in numbers. In: website. City of Nidda, archived from the original on October 4, 2011 ; accessed in November 2011 .
  22. Selected data on population and households on May 9, 2011 in the Hessian municipalities and parts of the municipality. (PDF; 1 MB) In: 2011 Census . Hessian State Statistical Office;