District of Eschwege

coat of arms	Germany map
	Coordinates: 51 ° 11 '  N , 10 ° 3'  E
Basic data (as of 1973)
Existing period:	1821-1973
State :	Hesse
Administrative region :	kassel
Administrative headquarters :	Eschwege
Area :	605.88 km 2
Residents:	73,000 (Dec. 31, 1972)
Population density :	120 inhabitants per km 2
License plate :	ESW
Circle key :	06 2 31
Circle structure:	16 municipalities

The district of Eschwege was a district in Hesse until 1973 . Today his area belongs to the Werra-Meißner-Kreis . The administrative seat was in the city of Eschwege .

Neighboring areas

At the end of 1973, the district bordered in a clockwise direction in the northeast with the districts of Heiligenstadt , Mühlhausen and Eisenach in the Erfurt district of the GDR as well as the Hessian districts of Hersfeld-Rotenburg , Melsungen and Witzenhausen .

history

The district of Eschwege was founded in 1821 in the Electorate of Hesse . On January 1, 1837, the communities of Dudenrode , Kammerbach and Orferode moved from the Eschwege district to the Witzenhausen district and the Diemerode and Heyerode communities to the Rotenburg district.

Seal mark of the Royal Prussian District Office Eschwege

After the annexation of Kurhessen by Prussia as a result of the German War in 1866, the district belonged to the administrative district of Kassel in the Prussian province of Hessen-Nassau . From 1946 the district was now a district in the state of Hesse .

At the beginning of the 1970s, the district was enlarged twice:

• On December 31, 1971, the communities Harmuthsachsen and Hasselbach in the district of Witzenhausen and the community of Stolzhausen in the district of Melsungen were incorporated into the community of Waldkappel in the district of Eschwege.
• On August 1, 1972, the city of Sontra was incorporated from the dissolved district of Rotenburg (Fulda) into the district of Eschwege.

As part of the Hessian district reform , the Eschwege district was merged with the neighboring district of Witzenhausen to form the Werra-Meißner district on January 1, 1974 .

Population development

district

year	Residents	source
1871	39,563
1890	42,260
1900	43.203
1910	45,875
1925	47,515
1939	49,842
1950	73.233
1960	66,400
1970	65,300
1972	73,000

Big communities

Municipalities of the Eschwege district with more than 1000 inhabitants:

local community	1871	1939	1961	1970
Abterode	1,040		1,090	1,068
Bischhausen	1,043	1,066	1,254	1,296
Datterode	627		1.003	1,065
Eschwege	7,371	15,462	24.091	22,718
Frankershausen	903		1,023	1,025
Frieda	773			1,126
Grebendorf	566	1,127	1,805	1,949
Herleshausen	1,115	1,533	1,652	1,500
High oak	312		1,159	1,264
Oberhone	475			1,064
Reichensachsen	1,688	2,070	2,702	2,749
Schwebda	660		1,135	1,083
Waldkappel	1,021	1,153	1,901	1.997
Wanfried	2,020	2,695	3,779	3,579
Weissenborn	512		1,045	1.105
Wichmannshausen	705		1,090	1,051

Communities

As of 1968

Until the beginning of the Hessian regional reform, the district of Eschwege consisted of 70 municipalities, three of which had city rights:

Abterode Alberode Nonsense Altefeld Altenburschla Archfeld Aue Bischhausen Breitzbach Burghofen Datterode Eltmannsee Eltmannshausen Eschwege , city Frankenhain Frankershausen Frauenborn Frieda

Friemen Hewn Germerode Grandenborn Grebendorf Herora Herleshausen Hetzerode Hitzelrode Heat electrode High oak Holzhausen Jestädt Kirchhosbach Langenhain Lüderbach Mäckelsdorf Markershausen

Mitterode Motzenrode Nettles Netra Neuerode Niddawitzhausen Niederdünzebach Oberdünzebach Oberhone Oetmannshausen Rambach Rechtebach Reichensachsen Renda Rittmannshausen Rodebach Röhrda Bother

Schwebda Stadthosbach Thurnhosbach Unhausen Vierbach Vockerode Völkershausen Waldkappel , city Wanfried , city Weidenhausen Weissenborn Wellingerode Wichmannshausen Willershausen Wolfterode Wommen

As of December 31, 1973

In 1971/72, the new communities Berkatal , Meinhard , Meißner , Netratal , Ringgau and Wehretal were created through community mergers . After further community mergers, there were 16 communities in the Eschwege district at the time of its dissolution on December 31, 1973, including four cities:

Berkatal Eltmannsee Eschwege , city Herleshausen

Hetzerode Meinhard Meissner Netratal

Oberhone Ringgau Sontra , city Waldkappel , city

Wanfried , city Wehretal Weissenborn Wolfterode

Simultaneously with the dissolution of the district on January 1, 1974, Oberhone was incorporated into Eschwege, Wolfterode to Meißner, Netratal to Ringgau and Eltmannsee and Hetzerode to Waldkappel. In the end, eleven communities from the old Eschwege district joined the new Werra-Meißner district.

License Plate

On July 1, 1956, the district was assigned the distinctive sign ESW when the vehicle registration number that is still valid today was introduced . It is still issued in the Werra-Meißner district to this day.

District administrators

• 1868 - Karl August Friedrich Groß
• 1885 - Emil Grimm
• 1893-1919 Alexander von Keudell
• 1919 - Rudolf Bödiker
• 1921 - Hermann Langer
• 1932 - Otto Glahn
• 1932-1936 Philipp Deichmann
• 1937 - 1945 Walter Schultz
• May 8, 1945 - August 31, 1945 Wolfgang Hartdegen
• September 1, 1945 - February 25, 1946 Dr. buses
• July 1, 1946 - June 30, 1948 Johannes Braunholz
• July 1, 1948 - June 30, 1954 Gerhard Pforr
• July 5, 1954 - December 15, 1960 Hansjochen Kubitz
• March 4, 1961 - December 31, 1973 Eitel Oskar Höhne

literature

• State Office for the Preservation of Monuments Hesse (ed.), Peer Zietz, Thomas Wiegand: Werra-Meißner-Kreis I, Altkreis Eschwege. (= Monument topography Federal Republic of Germany / cultural monuments in Hesse). Vieweg, Braunschweig / Wiesbaden 1991, ISBN 3-528-06240-1 .

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Ulrich Reuling : Administrative division 1821-1955. (PDF) In: Historical Atlas of Hesse. Landesgeschichtliches Informationssystem Hessen (LAGIS), p. 176 , accessed on March 19, 2016 . 
2. ^ Rolf Jehke: Territorial changes in Germany. Retrieved May 22, 2009 . 
3. ↑ ^{a b} Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality register for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart / Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 388 f .
4. ^ The municipalities and manor districts of the Hesse-Nassau province and their population in 1871
5. ↑ ^{a b c d e f g h} Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. eschwege.html. (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006). 
6. ↑ Statistical Yearbook for the Federal Republic of Germany 1972
7. ↑ Statistical Yearbook for the Federal Republic of Germany 1974
8. ^ The municipalities and manor districts of the Hesse-Nassau province and their population in 1871
9. ↑ ^{a b} Werra-Meißner district. Historical local dictionary. In: Landesgeschichtliches Informationssystem Hessen (LAGIS).
10. ↑ District of Eschwege administrative history and district list on the website territorial.de (Rolf Jehke)

Web links

Commons : Landkreis Eschwege  - Collection of images, videos and audio files