Untertaunuskreis
| coat of arms | Germany map | |
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Coordinates: 50 ° 8 ' N , 8 ° 4' E |
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| Basic data (as of 1976) | ||
| Existing period: | 1867-1976 | |
| State : | Hesse | |
| Administrative region : | Darmstadt | |
| Administrative headquarters : | Bad Schwalbach | |
| Area : | 530.64 km 2 | |
| Residents: | 88,100 (Jun 30, 1976) | |
| Population density : | 166 inhabitants per km 2 | |
| License plate : | SWA | |
| Circle key : | 06 1 52 | |
| Circle structure: | 26 municipalities | |
| District Administrator : | Karl-Heinz Becker ( SPD ) | |
The Untertaunuskreis was a district in Hesse until December 31, 1976 . It was founded on February 22, 1867 in the Wiesbaden administrative district of the Prussian province of Hesse-Nassau .
geography
location
In the south, the district boundary ran roughly along the Taunushauptkamm north of Wiesbaden and in the Hintertaunus it comprised the upper reaches of the watercourses of the Wisper , the Aar , the Wörsbach and the Emsbach flowing from the Hohe Taunus to the west and north . Even after it became part of the Rheingau-Taunus district, the landscape of the former district area is still commonly referred to as the Untertaunus .
Neighboring areas
At the end of 1976, the district bordered in a clockwise direction in the north, starting with the district of Limburg-Weilburg , the Hochtaunus district , the Main-Taunus district , the independent city of Wiesbaden and the Rheingau district (all in Hesse) and the Rhein-Lahn district in Rhineland- Palatinate .
history
After the occupation of the Duchy of Nassau by Prussia in the German War (July 1866, announcement of the annexation on August 4), the new administrative district (consisting of Nassau and the Free City of Frankfurt, which was also incorporated, along with some Hesse-Darmstadt areas) was divided into 12 districts . The old Nassau offices of Langenschwalbach , Wehen and Idstein with around 42,000 inhabitants were combined to form the Untertaunuskreis. The district office was located in Langenschwalbach (Bad Schwalbach since 1927).
The office of Langenschwalbach, which formerly belonged to the Niedergrafschaft Katzenelnbogen and was a pays réservé during the Napoleonic period , was transferred from Kurhessen to Nassau in 1816 during an area swap. The offices of Idstein im Taunus and Wehen have always been Nassau, and the communities of Bremthal , Niederjosbach , Oberjosbach , Vockenhausen as well as Niedergladbach and Obergladbach and part of the community of Schlangenbad were added by Kurmainz in 1803 .
On April 1, 1886, the new district regulations for the province of Hesse-Nassau came into force. New, smaller counties were created. The Untertaunuskreis was also reduced in size:
- The town of Camberg and the communities of Dombach , Eisenbach , Erbach , Niederselters , Oberselters , Schwickershausen and Würges moved to the new Limburg district .
- The communities of Niederems , Oberems , Reichenbach , Steinfischbach and Wüstems moved to the new Usingen district .
The Untertaunuskreis was again reduced in size on April 1, 1928, when the communities of Bremthal , Königshofen , Niederjosbach , Niedernhausen and Vockenhausen changed to the new Main-Taunus-Kreis. On April 1, 1939, the district around Georgenborn was enlarged, which was spun off from the city of Wiesbaden and incorporated into Schlangenbad .
After the Second World War, the Untertaunuskreis was in the American occupation zone , remained in the Wiesbaden administrative district and thus became part of the State of Hesse . Before the first municipal mergers as part of the Hessian regional reform , 83 municipalities belonged to the Untertaunuskreis, including the three cities of Bad Schwalbach , Camberg and Idstein . Overall, the regional reform reduced the number of municipalities in the district to 26 by the end of 1976.
After 110 years of existence, the Untertaunuskreis was merged on January 1, 1977 with the Rheingaukreis and the community of Niedernhausen from the Main-Taunus-Kreis to form the Rheingau-Taunus-Kreis . The previous district town of Bad Schwalbach became the seat of the new district administration because of its central location in the district area. At the same time, on January 1, 1977, other parishes were merged.
Population development
| year | Residents | source |
|---|---|---|
| 1871 | 41,892 | |
| 1900 | 34,587 | |
| 1910 | 36,421 | |
| 1925 | 37,099 | |
| 1933 | 34,631 | |
| 1939 | 34,860 | |
| 1950 | 54.005 | |
| 1960 | 55,600 | |
| 1970 | 71,000 | |
| 1976 | 88,100 |
politics
District administrators
- Carl Schreiber (1867–1877)
- Robert Urban (1877-1895)
- Lebrecht von Köller (1895–1908)
- Gebhard von Trotha (1908–1925)
- Werner Pollack (1925-1933)
- Jean Herrchen (1933–1943)
- Walter von Sybel (1943–1945)
- Arnold Schuster (1945–1948) (CDU)
- Otto Vitense (1948–1962) (CDU)
- Herbert Günther (1963–1972), later Hessian Minister of Justice (SPD)
- Karl-Heinz Becker (1972–1976) (SPD)
coat of arms
On February 5, 1965, the Untertaunuskreis in the then administrative district of Wiesbaden was awarded a coat of arms with the following blazon : “The shield, divided into three by a curly tip, shows a blue-tongued and armored red lion facing left in the first field in gold, in the second field in blue between golden shingles a red tongued and armored golden lion and in the third field in black a silver fountain from a silver fountain bowl. "
meaning
The red lion is taken from the coat of arms of Katzenelnbogen , the golden lion is the Nassau lion . The Untertaunuskreis combined parts from both earlier domains. The fountain bowl is a reference to the two therapeutic baths of the district, Schlangenbad and especially the district town of Bad Schwalbach.
Communities
The following table contains all municipalities that belonged to the Untertaunuskreis after 1928, as well as the data of all incorporations.
License Plate
On July 1, 1956, the district was assigned the distinctive sign SWA when the vehicle registration number that is still valid today was introduced . It is derived from the district town of Bad Schwalbach. It was issued in the old district of Untertaunus in the Rheingau-Taunus district until January 14, 1980. It has been available in the entire Rheingau-Taunus district since August 15, 2013. ( License plate liberalization )
Individual evidence
- ^ GenWiki: Wiesbaden district
- ↑ District order for the province of Hessen-Nassau 1886 (digitized version)
- ↑ a b c d e f g h i Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. unteraunus.html. (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006).
- ↑ a b Rheingau-Taunus district. Historical local dictionary. In: Landesgeschichtliches Informationssystem Hessen (LAGIS).
- ^ Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality directory for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart / Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 378 .
- ^ The municipalities and manor districts of the Hesse-Nassau province and their population in 1871
- ↑ Statistical Yearbook for the Federal Republic of Germany 1972
- ↑ Statistical Yearbook for the Federal Republic of Germany 1977
- ↑ Approval of a coat of arms of the Untertaunuskreis, Wiesbaden administrative district from February 5, 1965 . In: The Hessian Minister of the Interior (ed.): State Gazette for the State of Hesse. 1965 no. 8 , p. 210 , point 175 ( online at the information system of the Hessian state parliament [PDF; 4.1 MB ]).
The districts in the Wiesbaden administrative region of the Prussian province of Hesse-Nassau
Biedenkopf | Dill circle | Limburg | Oberlahnkreis | Obertaunuskreis | Oberwesterwaldkreis | Rheingau district | Sankt Goarshausen | Unterlahnkreis | Untertaunuskreis | Unterwesterwaldkreis | Usingen | Wetzlar
Dissolved in 1886 : Mainkreis ; Dissolved in 1910 : Frankfurt ; Disbanded in 1928 : Höchst | Koenigstein | Wiesbaden ; Disbanded in 1933 : Westerburg
1972 dissolved: District Alsfeld | District of Büdingen | District of Erbach | District Friedberg | District of Hersfeld | District of Hofgeismar | District of Hünfeld | Lauterbach district | Obertaunuskreis | Rotenburg district | Usingen district | Wolfhagen district . 1973 dissolved: District of Eschwege | District of Frankenberg | District of Fritzlar-Homberg | District of Melsungen | District of Waldeck | District of Witzenhausen | Ziegenhain district . 1974 dissolved: District Biedenkopf | District of Gelnhausen | District of Hanau | Limburg County | District of Marburg | Oberlahnkreis | District of Schlüchtern . 1976 dissolved: Darmstadt district | District of Dieburg | Dill circle | Rheingau district | Untertaunuskreis | Wetzlar district .