Lower County Katzenelnbogen
The part of the County of Katzenelnbogen , geographically separated from the Upper County of Katzenelnbogen , south of the Lahn in the Taunus and to a lesser extent on the left bank of the Rhine in the Hunsrück , is referred to as the Niedergrafschaft Katzenelnbogen (also "Untergrafschaft Katzenelnbogen") .
history
Counts of Katzenelnbogen
The lords of Katzenelnbogen, whose eponymous ancestral seat, Katzenelnbogen Castle , was located in the Lower County area, gained more and more influence south of the Main, in what was later known as the Upper County , through fiefs , inheritance, marriage and purchase. In 1138 Heinrich II. Von Katzenelnbogen was taken over by King Konrad III. raised to the rank of count and founded the count family.
1260 a division of the county took place between the brothers Diether V and Eberhard I take. Diether V. became the founder of the older line and had most of his property in the Lower County; Eberhard I was the founder of the Younger Line and had his property in the Upper County.
In 1402, with the death of Eberhard V from the “older line” and the marriage of his daughter Anna with Johann IV from the “younger line” in 1385, the upper and lower counties were reunited in one hand.
Landgrave of Hesse
In 1479 the von Katzenelnbogen family died out with Philip I , son of Johann IV., In the male line, and the county fell as heir to his daughter Anna and her husband, Landgrave Heinrich III. of Hessen .
In the division of 1567 in the house of Hesse, Lower Katzenelnbogen fell to the third surviving son of the Landgrave Philip the Magnanimous , Philip II. But this died in 1583 without heirs, and so his younger brother, Landgraf took George I of Hesse-Darmstadt whose Inheritance in possession. It stayed that way until the Peace of Westphalia in 1648, as a result of which the Lower Counties passed to Hessen-Kassel . This did not apply to the Braubach office and the Katzenelnbogen parish, which remained with Hessen-Darmstadt.
As early as December 1648, the ruling Hessen-Kassel line agreed with its subsidiary line Hessen-Rotenburg that, among other things, the Niedergrafschaft Katzenelnbogen was transferred as a share of Hessen-Rotenburg in the acquisitions of Hessen-Kassel within the framework of the Peace of Westphalia , subject to the state sovereignty Hessen-Kassels. Since then, the Hessen-Rotenburg line has happily called itself Hessen-Rheinfels .
After the French Revolution
The parts of the Lower Counties on the left bank of the Rhine were annexed by France after the Peace of Lunéville in 1801, and Napoleon created the Pays réservé de Catzenellenbogen in 1806 from the region on the right bank of the Rhine . It remained that way until the Congress of Vienna (1815), when Victor Amadeus , the last Landgrave of Hesse-Rotenburg, exchanged his rights to the Niedergrafschaft Katzenelnbogen for other media ownership in Prussia ( Principality of Corvey and Duchy of Ratibor ).
The territories belonging to the Lower County of Katzenelnbogen were distributed on October 17, 1816 between the Duchy of Nassau (areas on the right bank of the Rhine) and the Kingdom of Prussia (part of the left bank of the Rhine). Without further consideration of the old borders, completely new administrative structures emerged; Namely, the offices of Langen-Schwalbach , Nastätten and St. Goarshausen were created in Nassau by the sovereign edict of December 17, 1816 , and they were to start work at the turn of the year.
territory
The Lower County of Katzenelnbogen, which in 1805 had an area of 6 square miles with 19,187 inhabitants and 95,600 guilders income, contained the following offices and locations:
- Rheinfels Office - named after Rheinfels Castle above St. Goar, the town of Sankt Goar , Sankt Goarshausen and Katz Castle .
- Reichenberg Office - with Reichenberg Castle and the towns of Reichenberg , Talreichenberg and Nastätten .
- Office Hohenstein - with Hohenstein Castle , Langenschwalbach , Gronau , as well as the " Geroldsteiner Lehn" ( Ober- and Nieder-Fischbach etc.)
- Office Pfalzfeld - with Pfalzfeld and some neighboring villages on the Hunsrück .
- Half of the “ Vierherrischen ” on the Einrich , a condominium over nine parishes , which was only abolished in 1774 through proportional distribution of the villages according to souls and tax income. At that time, the Katzenelnbogic portion included the villages of Kördorf , Herold , Ergeshausen , Ober- and Niederbachheim , Kehlbach , Winterwerb , Langschied , Mappershain , Lautert , Rettershain , Bettendorf , Grebenroth , Egenroth , Martenroth , Obertiefenbach and Buch .
Rheinfels Castle (1607)
Katz Castle above Sankt Goarshausen (1655)
Reichenberg Castle (1655)
Hohenstein Castle (Taunus) (1655)
Gronau Monastery (1655)
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literature
- Nassaw - // catzenelnbogi - // judicial and country regulations . Herborn, 1616 ( digitized version )
Individual evidence
- ^ A b c Anton Friedrich Büsching : New description of the earth, third part, first volume , fifth edition, Hamburg 1771, pp. 1244, 1278 ( Google Books )
- ↑ Landesherrliches Edict of December 17, 1816 in: Ordinance Gazette of the Duchy of Nassau , Volume 8, 1816, p. 329 ( Google Books )
- ^ Nassauische Annalen: Jahrbuch des Verein für Nassauische Altertumskunde und Geschichtsforschung , Volumes 9 and 10, 1868, p. 322 ( Google Books )