Bärstadt
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Bärstadt
Community of Schlangenbad
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| Height : | 406 m above sea level NHN |
| Area : | 8.43 km² |
| Residents : | 1372 (Jun 30, 2013) |
| Population density : | 163 inhabitants / km² |
| Incorporation : | July 1, 1972 |
| Postal code : | 65388 |
| Area code : | 06129 |
 Bärstadt im Taunus from the west, behind it Wambach. On the right in the background the Great Feldberg
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Bärstadt is the second largest district of the community in Schlangenbad in the Rheingau-Taunus district in southern Hesse , which is one of the municipal state baths .
Geographical location
Bärstadt lies in the west of a three kilometer long and up to one kilometer wide basin near the health resorts Schlangenbad and Bad Schwalbach . The district is located at an altitude of 375 meters NN to 530 meters NN directly north of the Taunus main ridge . Surrounded by fields and meadows, the surrounding wooded heights protect the village from the penetration of the cold, wet weather from the north and west. In the basin, which opens to the southeast, the Walluf that rises here gathers and flows as a stream, fed by many small bodies of water, through the neighboring town of Wambach on to the Rhine . The Walluf spring is the most important of the many local water resources and serves to supply the town with water.
history
Early history
Bärstadt was mentioned for the first time in 1194 as Berstad , but at that time it was already the capital of an extensive parish . The Martin Church was already built from the 6th to the 8th century (see Section church and its history ). For historians, the place name, the Martinskirche and the position in the parish point to an age of the village of well over 1000 years.
Capital of the superheight villages
Bärstadt belonged with the Rheingau to Kurmainz and, according to a border description of the Rheingau Weistum from 1324, was the main town of the 15 super-high villages in the Einrich (Einrichsgau). These 15 places were: Langenschwalbach (today Bad Schwalbach ) and its current districts Heimbach , Lindschied , Ramschied , Langenseifen , Fischbach and Hettenhain , also the places Niedergladbach , Obergladbach , Hausen vor der Höhe , Bärstadt as the main town and Wambach , which are now part of Schlangenbad . In addition to these 12 villages, or the disposed before 1,585 villages included Fortelbach, Selhain and means Gladbach so.
Thus, the area of the elevated villages is almost congruent with the territorial status of the city of Bad Schwalbach and the community of Schlangenbad after the completion of the regional reform in Hesse on January 1, 1977. Only the Bad Schwalbach district of Adolfseck and Schlangenbad- Georgenborn were not among the 15 villages.
The Bärstadter Schultheiss was responsible for these villages, in particular for monitoring the compulsory labor and the taxes to changing noble families. The jurisdiction for all places was exercised in Bärstadt. A court was held here, a prison and a gallows were maintained and public meetings (Germanic Thing , later material days ) took place in Bärstadt. The court yard and prison were right next to the church.
The residents of all 15 villages walked to the church in Bärstadt and were buried there. The old church paths , which always took the most direct and shortest route, can still be found today.
With the construction of the Rheingau Gebück in the 12th century, which was supposed to protect the special rights of the Rheingau, the 15 poorer villages were excluded. The bridge ran near the present-day Schlangenbad and the Bärstadter Dreispitz further on the ridge towards Hausen vor der Höhe and Obergladbach . At that time a watchtower of the Rheingau could be seen from Bärstadt. This system with wall and ditch can still be clearly seen.
Electoral Mainz jurisdiction
By demarcating it from the Rheingau, the County of Katzenelnbogen gained supremacy over the facility . The jurisdiction, however, remained with the Mainz electors . This did not change when the von Katzenelnbogen (1479) extinction gave the 15 villages to the Landgrave of Hesse , Heinrich III . fell.
On a “real day” on April 21, 1489 in Bärstadt in front of the church, the men of the 15 villages had to acknowledge under oath the prerogatives of the Archbishopric of Mainz , the dependency on Hesse was not affected. In kind related to this fact, the Überhöhischen Villages to Mainz were settled on that day. The results of that day were recorded in the “Bärstadter Weistum ”.
In 1719 Bärstadter violently opposed the construction of a tithe barn where they were supposed to deliver their share of the harvest. The Bärstadt residents also prevented the renewal of the gallows.
The gallows in Bärstadt stood on the gallows head on the old high street. The last delinquent to be hanged there in 1727 was a thief. In 1728 the wooden frame, which had become dilapidated, was to be replaced by a stone structure. Since in Bärstadt, however, Hessian (and since 1527 Protestant) families ruled and only the jurisdiction of Kurmainz was exercised, these Hessian rulers forbade the "building permit" for a foundation. Kurmainz held fast to the jurisdiction until Bärstadt and the Rheingau were transferred to the Duchy of Nassau in 1806 (finally 1816) and all related facilities were relocated to Langenschwalbach ( Bad Schwalbach ). Also through the transfer of the warm springs to the up-and-coming "Fürstenbad" Schlangenbad and the development of the bathing system in general, Bärstadt lost in the 18th century. its function as a local center.
Church and its history
For a long time, Bärstadt was the center of an extensive parish , to which a total of 15 villages belonged, including until the 13th century. also today's Bad Schwalbach, and, until the end of the 19th century, Schlangenbad. Today's parish includes Bärstadt (650 parishioners) and the outlying villages of Hausen vd H. (327), Fischbach (188 - with its own chapel from 1955) and Langenseifen (272). (Total: 1437 parish members in spring 1997). Today the parish of Bärstadt belongs to the dean's office Bad Schwalbach, which stretches from Hohenstein and Taunusstein im Taunus to Rüdesheim am Rhein .
There are Romanesque components in the tower and in the foundation walls . In addition, during excavation work, floor slabs from a previous building were found, which were built around 1250. In 1996 they were placed in the present soil near the baptismal font. The oldest bell was cast between 1200 and 1250. The two younger bells were cast in 1468 by the bell founder Paulus zu Uedersdorf zu Andernach. The church as it stands today dates from the years 1709–1717. It stands in a small park that was a churchyard until the 18th century, as can be seen from some old tombstones. In fact, the remains of an old monastery wall were found during construction work in the adjacent main street.
The organ in the church will be 250 years old in 2021 and comes from the organ building family Stumm in the Hunsrück. It has been preserved particularly true to the original. 966 organ pipes create the sound of this organ. It has two manuals and 24 stops , six of which are reed stops .
The pulpit is under the organ . From this one can see that the parish of Bärstadt was originally purely Calvinist. In Reformed theology , which goes back to John Calvin , the word, the sermon, is at the center, so the pulpit had to be at the center. Today the parish of Bärstadts as part of the United Evangelical Church in Hesse and Nassau is both Calvinist and Lutheran.
In the nave there is a late Gothic font . The baptismal font, together with a rococo - crucifix from the second half of the 18th century and the Easter candle its own focus: the death and resurrection are made present in baptism for many centuries at this point.
The rectory, which received its present form in the 1780s, and the parish hall, which was built in 1991, are also on the site.
Recent history
Until the 1950s, Bärstadt was a purely agricultural location with a high level of independence. Old courtyards in the town center, some half-timbered houses with vacant farm buildings, still demonstrate this agricultural orientation today.
"More economical" offers (jobs in industry and administration) and a price policy that is unfavorable for producers left conventional agriculture no future. Craftsmen and a small cardboard factory have taken on people from the village as family businesses.
The onset of mobilization and the separation of living and working places then led to further changes in village life. The decision in favor of private transport, road construction and building sites had an impact. The nearby Rhine-Main area with the large cities of Wiesbaden , Mainz and Frankfurt acted like a magnet. In addition to the old town center, new building and weekend areas were created. Over time, a good part of the village's self-sufficiency and infrastructure was lost. An emigrant farm (barley, hay and horses) and a few part-time farmers are what was left of agriculture today.
At the time of the Duchy of Nassau , Bärstadt belonged to the Langen-Schwalbach office . After the annexation by Prussia , it was assigned to the Untertaunuskreis in the Wiesbaden administrative district in 1867 .
Territorial reform
In the run-up to the regional reform in Hesse , the community of Bärstadt and other communities voluntarily joined the community of Schlangenbad on July 1, 1972. For the district of Bärstadt, as for the other districts, a local district with a local advisory board and local councilor was set up.
Place name
In surviving documents, Bärstadt was mentioned under the following names: Bärstadt was called Berstad from 1194 to 1198, Berrestat 1240, Berstat vor der Ho in 1315, Berstatt in 1489, Berstat in 1531 in front of the Höhe, and Berstatt in 1694.
The long-time residents speak of Baarsched in dialect .
coat of arms
On December 8, 1970, the municipality of Bärstadt in the then Untertaunuskreis was awarded a coat of arms with the following blazon : In silver on a blue three-mountain, a striding, red-armored black bear. As early as the 16th century, the court seal and the later community seal showed a bear.
Culture and sights
Tanzlinde in Bärstadt
In the center of the village there was a 180-year-old linden tree until September 3, 1992 , which fell victim to a storm that day .
As part of the village renewal, the village community cut a newly planted summer linden tree in 2003 so that in later times a large dancing linden tree will characterize the center of the village. In 2004 the inauguration ceremony took place as part of a big festival.
In the old Franconian area, to which Bärstadt also belonged, it became a custom to upgrade linden trees with pedestals. They danced on them and then judged them underneath. Within a radius of 30 km from Bärstadt there are still relics of large linden trees in the Rheingau Taunus , such as the blood linden in Frauenstein and the judicial linden in Geisenheim .
Sports
There are three sports clubs in Bärstadt:
- Turnverein 1893 Bärstadt eV (badminton, gymnastics, table tennis)
- Schützenverein Bärstadt 1966 eV
- FC Bärstadt 1983 eV (football, bike)
Movie and TV
Anne Voss, who still lives in Bärstadt today and who invented the children's program Löwenzahn in the late 1970s , had her hero Peter Lustig live in a trailer in a place called Bärstadt since 1980 . Through the regular mention of the place name on ZDF , the city gained nationwide fame, even if most of the episodes were filmed in and around Berlin .
A few decades earlier, in 1954, Bärstadt was the location for the film Die Goldene Pest with Karlheinz Böhm . The film is about a German soldier from Dossental (= Bärstadt), who emigrates to the USA after the war, but cannot forget his love at home and returns after a while.
Economy and Infrastructure
tourism
Bärstadt is located on the eastern edge of the Rheingau Mountains in the Rhine-Taunus Nature Park and is a starting or end point for hikes, for example on the old church paths . There is an inn in the center of the village.
traffic
Bärstadt can be reached from Wiesbaden and the Rhine-Main area via the federal highway 66 and the federal highway 260 ( Bäderstraße ). Behind the bypass of Schlangenbad, in the through-road from Wambach, the road branches off to Bärstadt (approx. 10 km from A 66), which continues to Hausen vor der Höhe .
Leisure and sports facilities
- Football field (with 100-meter running track, jumping pit and throwing circle)
- Soccerfield (mini soccer field with gang)
- Gym (1 segment)
- Leisure area Dreispitz (with barbecue facilities)
- Finnenbahn (850-meter circuit)
- Riding arena
Web links
- Bärstadt district on the website of the Schlangenbad community.
- Bärstadt. Local history, information. In: www.baerstadt.info. Private website
- Bärstadt, Rheingau-Taunus-Kreis. Historical local dictionary for Hessen. In: Landesgeschichtliches Informationssystem Hessen (LAGIS).
- Literature about Bärstadt in the Hessian Bibliography
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b “Figures, Data, Facts” on the website of the community in Schlangenbad , accessed in April 2016.
- ↑ Website for the Stumm organ in Bärstadt , accessed on December 19, 2014.
- ^ Municipal reform in Hesse: mergers and integrations of municipalities from June 21, 1972 . In: The Hessian Minister of the Interior (ed.): State Gazette for the State of Hesse. 1972 No. 28 , p. 1197 , point 851 para. 4. ( Online at the information system of the Hessian State Parliament [PDF; 4.4 MB ]).
- ^ Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality directory for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart / Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 378 .
- ↑ main statute. (PDF; 98 kB) § 6. In: Website. Municipality of Bad Schlangenbad, accessed in February 2019 .
- ^ Approval of a coat of arms of the municipality of Bärstadt, district of Untertaunuskreis from December 8, 1970 . In: The Hessian Minister of the Interior (ed.): State Gazette for the State of Hesse. 1970 No. 51 , p. 2381 , item 2385 ( online at the information system of the Hessian state parliament [PDF; 7.5 MB ]).
- ↑ Dandelion Fan Club
- ↑ The Golden Plague. In: filmportal.de . German Film Institute , accessed on October 10, 2016 .
Bärstadt | Georgenborn | Hausen before the height | Niedergladbach | Obergladbach | Snake bath | Wambach