Aussiedlerhof
.jpg)
An Aussiedlerhof is an agricultural operation located outside a village, which has mostly left the village due to lack of space.
Many Aussiedlerhöfe sprang up in post-war Germany . Many of these businesses are located in the vicinity of a village , but at a considerable distance from its other buildings . Most of them were founded by farmers who initially had their farm within the village area, but who decided to relocate due to the special conditions of the post-war period.
Furthermore, relocations or partial relocations take place in particular due to a lack of space at the existing company location, consolidation of the company facilities and also due to problems related to pollution control law .
Reasons for the emergence of resettler farms
From the farmers' point of view, there were these reasons for the creation of repatriate farms:
- In the post-war period, a process of concentration began in agriculture. For the individual farmers the necessity arose to cultivate more and larger fields than before. There was also a tendency to increase the number of livestock.
- Due to the limited space in the villages, it was mostly not possible to modernize and enlarge the farms within the village boundaries.
From the point of view of the state spatial planning , there were reasons in favor of promoting resettlements:
- The standard of living of the rural population was well below that of the urban.
- There were dilapidated buildings and a lack of infrastructure : in thousands of villages there was neither electricity nor water supply ; there were no developed roads at that time.
- There was a noticeable migration from rural areas .
The aim of spatial planning was to create equality of living conditions in all parts of the Federal Republic. The relocation of farms was one of the means of adapting rural living conditions to urban standards. At the same time, local conflict situations between agriculture and neighboring residential use could be reduced in places.
Legal regulations
In the early 1950s there were government measures to promote resettlement. They were directly related to other measures to improve the agricultural structure , in particular to measures for land consolidation .
The Land Consolidation Act of 1953 aimed to increase the competitiveness of agriculture. The law also explicitly called for a loosening of the local situation.
The erection of Aussiedlerhöfe in the outdoor area is still permitted (privileged building projects, see Section 35, Paragraph 1 of the Building Code - BauGB). However, section 35 (4) of the BauGB prescribes building that saves space and protects the outside area.
Effects of the resettlements
- The social fabric of the villages changed and the evacuated families had to adapt to a different way of life.
- With every Aussiedlerhof, costs were incurred through the necessary expansion of the infrastructure ( power connection , road development , maintenance of roads, water supply and sewage disposal )
- In the villages themselves, odor, noise and dirt nuisance was reduced as a result of the resettlement.