Braubach Office

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Map of the Braubach Office 1828

The Braubach Office , based in Braubach, was an administrative and judicial district that originally belonged to the County of Katzenelnbogen and from 1806 to 1866 as an office to the Duchy of Nassau .

history

prehistory

The Marksburg had been the center of local power exercise since the beginning of the 13th century. However, an office was only formed later. The local administration was initially carried out by burgraves and bailiffs . A Hermann as Vogt zu Braubach, 1295 a knight Everhold as Burgrave of Breubach and in 1317 a Sibodo as Truchseß zu Breubach is documented for 1242–1260. In 1327 a bailiff is mentioned for the first time in Braubach. However, that does not mean that fixed official structures had already been established by this point in time.

Hesse

With the extinction of the Katzenelnbogen family, the office fell to the House of Hesse in 1479 . The division of the estate in 1567 led to a condominium between Hessen-Kassel and Hessen-Darmstadt . As a result, there were conflicts over the rights to the office. These were resolved in 1767 in a contract between Kassel and Darmstadt, with which the office of Hessen-Darmstadt was assigned.

In 1577 the office consisted of the towns of Braubach and Rhens as well as the villages of Gemmerich and Dachsenhausen and - in community with Nassau-Dillenburg - half of Bad and village Ems . In 1577, the Bärbach nunnery near Katzenelnbogen, which was closed in 1567, with its farms in Schaufers, Niederwallmenach and Steinsberg became part of the office. Rhens left in 1629 after the pledge was done. In 1629 the office consisted of the courts of Braubach, Dachsenhausen, Gemmerich and Ems.

In 1643 Landgrave Georg II pledged the office and the parish Katzenelenbogen for 40,000 thalers to his brother Johann . Johann appointed a joint bailiff for Eppstein, Breubach and Katzenelenbogen. From 1668 to 1676 the office was pledged to Christian von Boyneburg for 53,000 guilders .

In 1791 the office of Katzenelnbogen was detached .

In 1806, at the end of the Holy Roman Empire, the Braubach office comprised Braubach, Dachsenhausen, Gemmerich, the Hinterwald farm , the Ober-Falkenborn farm, the Unter-Falkenborn farm and the Dinkholder Mineralbrunnen.

Nassau

In 1802 half of the Ems bailiwick was separated and assigned to the communal office of Nassau .

With the establishment of the Duchy of Nassau , the Braubach office fell to it in 1806 and was expanded to include the neighboring imperial knighthood areas. From 1806 the bailiff von Braubach was responsible for the office Nievern and the office Wellmich at the same time . In 1815 the neighboring office of Nievern, whose official seat had been in Braubach since 1806, was dissolved and added to the office of Braubach.

Braubach office from 1816

The Braubach office was one of 28 offices in the Duchy of Nassau that were created on July 1, 1816 for the purpose of local administration. At the head of the Office of the Duke stood as a local governor a bailiff . The population of the Braubach office was denominationally mixed.

The following 19 localities belonged to the Braubach Office:

In 1820 2,117 families or 8,985 inhabitants lived in the office. Of these, 2,744 were Protestant, 6,046 Catholic, 3 Mennonites and 192 Jews.

From 1831 the office also assumed the function of a Rhine customs court.

After the March Revolution in 1848, the administration was reorganized. By law of April 4, 1849, administration and jurisdiction were separated at a lower level in Nassau. The reform came into effect on July 1, 1849. 10 district offices were established for administration , the offices continued as judicial offices (i.e. courts of first instance). The administrative tasks of the Braubach office were carried out by the Nassau district office , the jurisdiction of the Braubach justice office. However, the reform was reversed on October 1, 1854, the districts abolished and the previous offices restored.

Prussia

With the annexation of Nassau by Prussia , the offices were also dissolved in their old form and replaced by circles. The Braubach office formed the Rheingau district in 1867 together with the Rüdesheim office , the Eltville office and the St. Goarshausen office . Administration and jurisdiction were only separated as part of this reorganization. For the jurisdiction in the first instance, which had previously been carried out by the office, the judicial officials in the offices were initially responsible until September 1, 1867, the Braubach District Court and the Niederlahnstein District Court were founded.

But even after the district was founded, the previous official structure was retained. The Royal Ordinance of February 22, 1867 regulated: "The administrative districts as narrower administrative districts exist in their previous limits." The former offices formed the three districts of the district. According to § 13 of the district constitution, the districts, i.e. the former offices, each sent six representatives to the new district council . The bailiff was in charge of the local police and the organs of the district administrator.

With the administrative reform of 1885/1886 the offices were finally dissolved.

Bailiffs

The following officials (with changing names) were active in Braubach:

  • 1651: Johann Christian von Boyneburg (bailiff of Breubach and Eppstein)
  • 1653–1657: Johann Friedrich Schütz zu Holzhausen (bailiff of Braubach), then senior bailiff of the Breubach office and the Hesse-Darmstätisvhen Niedergrafschaft Katzenelnbogen
  • 1739–1753: Georg Wilhelm Schulz from Herborn (Oberamtmann zu Braubach and the Eppstein rule)
  • 1420-1740 was the highest civil servant in the Braubach office, since 1668 administrative administrator
  • 1740–1761: Georg Wilhelm Schenck from Darmstadt (bailiff at the same time rent master zu Braubach)
  • 1761–1796: Johann Peter Kekulé from Darmstadt (bailiff at the same time rent master zu Braubach)
  • 1796: Balthasar Siebert (bailiff at the same time rent master zu Braubach)
  • 1796–1802: Johann Wilhelm Kekulé (bailiff at the same time rent master zu Braubach)
  • 1803–1814: Gottfried Christian Körner (from here always: bailiff)
  • 1814–1820: Wilhelm Gustav Adolph Freiherr von Malapert called von Neufville
  • 1820–1828: Johann Heinrich Roth
  • 1828–1843: Georg Ludwig Forst
  • 1843–1848: Christian Philipp Freudenberg
  • 1854–1857: August Heinrich Melior
  • 1857–1867: Wilhelm Heinrich Viktor Gödecke
  • (1867) 1868–1879: Adolph Carl Wilhelm Habel
  • (1880–1886): Oskar Karl Heinrich Freitag

literature

  • Thomas Klein: Volume 11: Hessen-Nassau, the series: Walther Hubatsch: Outline of German administrative history 1815–1945, 1979, ISBN 3879691266 , pp. 145–146
  • Hellmuth Gensicke : History of the City of Braubach, 1976, p. 45 ff.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Anton Friedrich Büsching: Earth Description , 1771, page 189 ff. ( Online )
  2. ^ Anton Joseph Weidenbach : Nassau territories from the possessions immediately before the French Revolution until 1866 ; in: Nassauische Annalen , Vol. 10, 1878, p. 288, Google Books
  3. ^ Norbert Zabel: Spatial organization of the authorities in the Duchy of Nassau 1806-1866 , 1981, ISBN 3-922244-39-4 , page 38
  4. ^ Ordinance sheet of the Duchy of Nassau dated June 7, 1816 ( online )
  5. ↑ Annals of the Society for Nassau antiquity and historical research: Volume 10, 1870, page 326 ( online )
  6. ↑ Law of April 4, 1849 (VBl p. 87); Law, the execution of the law on the separation of the administration of justice from the administration in the lower instance on May 31, 1849, (VBl p. 409)
  7. ↑ Law of July 24, 1854 (Bvl. P. 160)
  8. ↑ VO of June 26, 1867, GS p. 1094
  9. ↑ Royal Decree of February 22, 1867 Supplement to the intelligence paper for Nassau of March 11, 1867, § 8 and 9
  10. ↑ GS 1885, p. 229